学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria polymorpha |
中文名 | 多形叉蕨 |
命名人 | (Wall. ex Hook.) Cop. |
中文科名 | 叉蕨科 |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Aspidiaceae |
中文属名 | 叉蕨属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria polymorpha |
中文名 | 多形叉蕨 |
中文科名 | 叉蕨科 |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Aspidiaceae |
中文属名 | 叉蕨属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria polymorpha |
命名人 | (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria polymorpha |
命名人 | (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel. |
发表年份 | 1907(年) |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria polymorpha |
中文名 | 多形叉蕨 |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria polymorpha |
中文名 | 多形叉蕨 |
中文科名 | 叉蕨科 |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
中文属名 | 三叉蕨属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria polymorpha |
发表年份 | 1907(年) |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Aspidium polymorphum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Tectaria polymorpha var. polymorpha | Synonym | The Plant List |
Aspidium polymorphum Wallich ex Hooker, Sp. Fil. 4: 54. 1862; A. nantoense Hayata.
Plants terrestrial, 0.5-1 m tall. Rhizome erect, stout, 1.5-2 cm in diam., scaly at apex and stipe bases; scales dark brown and light glossy, pale at margins, linear-lanceolate, 6-7 mm, membranous, ciliate, apices long acuminate and curled. Fronds clustered, subdimorphic; fertile fronds rather tall, slightly narrowed; stipe stramineous, 20-60 cm, 4-5 mm in diam., grooved, glabrescent. Lamina simple or trifurcate to odd-pinnate, dark green or brown when dried, ovate to oblong, 30-60 × 25-30 cm, papery, abaxially pubescent, adaxially glabrous; rachises, costae, and lateral veins stramineous, glabrous adaxially, densely hairy abaxially, grooved adaxially and raised abaxially; terminal pinna simple or trifurcate, oblong, 18-20 cm, 7-9 cm wide at middle, entire or undulate, stalks 2-3 cm, bases slightly narrowed, rounded-cordulate, apices abruptly caudate; lateral pinnae 1-4 pairs, simple or basal pairs lobed, ovate-lanceolate, 18-20 × 6-8 cm, oblique, opposite, undulate to entire, interval 2-8 cm, bases gradually tapering, asymmetrical, cuneate, apices abruptly caudate; basal pinnae shortly stalked, sessile upward. Veinlets forming conspicuous subhexagonal areoles, raised on both sides, included veinlets forked. Sori orbicular, terminal on included veinlets or anastomosing veins, in 3-5 irregular rows between lateral veins; indusia brown, orbicular, membranous, entire, caducous.
On rocks or wet soil in forested valleys; below 100-1500 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Tectaria polymorpha is diverse in lamina shape, varying from simple or ternate to odd-pinnate. It is similar to T. herpetocaulos but can be readily distinguished from that species by its erect rhizomes.
21.多形叉蕨(新拟)南投三叉蕨(台湾植物志)
Tectaria polymorpha (Wall. ex Hook.) Cop. in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 2: 413. 1907; Ching in Sinensia 2 (2): 30. 1931; C. Chr. Ind. Fil. Suppl. 3: 183. 1934; Tard -Blot et C. Chr. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 7: 93. 1938 et in Fl. Indo-Chine 7(2): 417. 1941; Holtt. Fl. Mal. 2: 518, f. 304. 1954; C. M. Kuo in Taiwania 30: 29. 1985; J. L. Tsai et al. in Fl. Taiwan, sec. ed. 1: 300. 1994. ——Aspidium polymorphum Wall. List 382. 1828, nom. nud. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. 4: 54. 1862; Bedd. Ferns S. Ind. t. 116. 1878. ——Nephrodium polymorphum Bak. Syn. Fil. 297. 1874. ——Dryomenis polymorpha Nakai var. pentaphylla Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 47: 161. 1933; H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Illustr. t. 276. 1944. ——Aspidium nantoense Hayata. Icon. Pl. Form. 8: 139, f. 63. 1919. ——Tectaria trifolia C. Chr. in Engler's Jahrb. 66: 49. 1933: Cop. , Fern Fl. Philip. 2: 307. 1960; DeVol et al. in H. L. Li et al., Fl. Taiwan 1: 345. 1975.
21a.多形叉蕨(原变种)
var. polymorpha
植株高60-90厘米。根状茎短,直立,粗1. 5-2厘米,顶部及叶柄基部均密被鳞片;鳞片线状披针形,长约8毫米,先端长渐尖并稍卷曲,边缘有睫毛,膜质,褐棕色而稍有光泽,边缘淡棕色。叶簇生;叶柄长40-60厘米,基部粗4-5毫米,禾秆色,上面有浅沟,光滑;叶片椭圆状卵形,长35-60厘米,基部宽25-30厘米,奇数一回羽状;顶生羽片单一或三叉,椭圆形,长18-20厘米,中部宽8-9厘米,先端急狭成长尾状,基部浅心脏形,全缘或为浅波状;侧生羽片1-4对,对生,稍斜向上,间隔3-5毫米,基部一对柄长1-1.5厘米,第二对以上的无柄,椭圆形,长20-25厘米,中部宽6-8厘米,先端急狭成长尾状,向基部不变狭,基部浅心脏形,全缘,基部一对羽片单一或分叉。叶脉联结成近六角形网眼,有分叉的内藏小脉,两面均略可见并稍隆起,下面疏被有关节的淡棕色短毛;羽轴及侧脉禾秆色,上面光滑,下面密被有关节的淡棕色短毛。叶纸质,干后褐绿色或红褐色,上面光滑,下面偶被有关节的淡棕色短毛;叶轴禾秆色,上面有浅沟,疏被有关节的淡棕色短毛。孢子囊群圆形,生于网眼的小脉上或交结处,在侧脉之间有不整齐的3-5行;囊群盖圆盾形,膜质,棕色,全缘,早落。染色体2n=160。
产台湾(台北、台中、南投、嘉义、高雄、平东)、广西(凌乐)、贵州(册亨)、云南(思茅、普洱、河口、新平、砚山、泸水、广南、佛海、西双版纳)。生山谷或河边密林下阴湿处或岩石上,海拔800-1 500米。印度、锡金、尼泊尔、柬埔寨、马来西亚、菲律宾及印度尼西亚也产之。模式标本产地:尼泊尔。
21b.狭基叉蕨(新拟)(变种)
var. subcuneata Ching et C. H. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sinica 19: 129. 1981.
羽片较狭,中部宽仅5厘米,向下明显变狭;中部的羽片有柄;叶干后为暗绿色。
特产云南(新平)。生林下溪边湿处,海拔 1500米。