| 学名(拉丁名) | Pimpinella |
| 中文名 | 茴芹属 |
| 命名人 | L. |
| 中文科名 | 伞形科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Umbelliferae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Pimpinella |
| 中文名 | 茴芹属 |
| 中文科名 | 伞形科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Umbelliferae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Pimpinella |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Apiaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Pimpinella |
| 中文名 | 茴芹属 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Apiaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Pimpinella |
| 中文名 | 茴芹属 |
| 中文科名 | 伞形科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Apiaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Pimpinella |
| 发表年份 | 1753(年) |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Apiaceae |
| 1 | 果实有毛；无萼齿。 (2) | 毛果组 Sect. Tragium |
| 1 | 果实无毛；萼齿明显或无。 (21) | 光果组 Sect. Tragoselinum |
| 2 | 一年生草本；无总苞片和小总苞片。 | 微毛茴芹 Pimpinella puberula |
| 2 | 多年生草本；通常有总苞片和小总苞片。 (3) | |
| 3 | 茎上部叶与基生叶同形，三出分裂或羽状分裂，裂片3-5；仅顶生花序有全育花，侧生花序多为不育花。 | 巍山茴芹 Pimpinella weishanensis |
| 3 | 茎上部叶和基生叶异形，3裂或1-2回羽状分裂；顶生花序和侧生花序的小花均能育。 (4) | |
| 4 | 花柱基圆锥形或短圆锥形。 (5) | |
| 4 | 花柱基近于垫状。 (19) | |
| 5 | 基生叶不分裂或三出分裂，稀羽状分裂。 (6) | |
| 5 | 基生叶1-2回羽状分裂或三出式2回羽状分裂。 (17) | |
| 6 | 一般为须根。 (7) | |
| 6 | 根长圆锥形或圆柱形。 (10) | |
| 7 | 植株被淡黄色柔毛，基生叶及茎中、下部叶不分裂；花瓣深紫色，基部有爪，背面无毛。 | 深紫茴芹 Pimpinella atropurpurea |
| 7 | 植株被微柔毛，基生叶及茎中、下部叶三出分裂或羽状分裂，稀不分裂；花瓣白色，基部楔形，背面有毛（异叶茴芹 P. diversifolia DC.） (8) | 异叶茴芹 Pimpinella diversifolia |
| 8 | 花瓣披针形，顶端全缘微弯曲。 | 尖瓣异叶茴芹 Pimpinella diversifolia var. angustipetala |
| 8 | 花瓣倒卵形，顶端凹缺，有内折小舌片。 (9) | |
| 9 | 无匍匐茎。 | 异叶茴芹（原变种） Pimpinella diversifolia var. diversifolia |
| 9 | 匍匐茎长3-20厘米。 | 走茎异叶茴芹 Pimpinella diversifolia var. stolonifera |
| 10 | 茎中、下部叶与基生叶异形（丽江茴芹除外）。 (11) | |
| 10 | 茎中、下部叶与基生叶同形。 (15) | |
| 11 | 基生叶三出分裂或羽状分裂；小总苞片等于或短于花柄。 | 重波茴芹 Pimpinella bisinuata |
| 11 | 基生叶通常不分裂；小总苞片等于或长于花柄。 (12) | |
| 12 | 伞辐密被柔毛；花瓣微带紫色。 | 丽江茴芹 Pimpinella rockii |
| 12 | 伞辐被疏柔毛或稍粗糙；花瓣白色。 (13) | |
| 13 | 基生叶肾形；花柄近等长。 | 肾叶茴芹 Pimpinella renifolia |
| 13 | 基生叶心形、心状披针形或近于长三角形；花柄不等长。 (14) | |
| 14 | 基生叶心形。 | 杏叶茴芹 Pimpinella candolleana |
| 14 | 基生叶心状披针形，或近于长三角形。 | 云南茴芹 Pimpinella yunnanensis |
| 15 | 伞辐4-10，长0.5-2.5厘米；小伞形花序有花6-10。 | 中甸茴芹 Pimpinella chungdienensis |
| 15 | 伞辐8-20，长1-4厘米；小伞形花序有花10-25。 (16) | |
| 16 | 基生叶不分裂；小总苞片短于花柄。 | 革叶茴芹 Pimpinella coriacea |
| 16 | 基生叶三出分裂；小总苞片等于或长于花柄。 | 藏茴芹 Pimpinella tibetanica |
| 17 | 伞辐极不等长，果期伞辐长可达7厘米或近无。 | 直立茴芹 Pimpinella smithii |
| 17 | 伞辐近等长，果期伞辐长2-3厘米。 (18) | |
| 18 | 基生叶1-2回羽状分裂；花柱基圆锥形，花柱长为花柱基的2-3倍。 | 城口茴芹 Pimpinella fargesii |
| 18 | 基生叶1-2回三出分裂；花柱基短圆锥形，花柱稍长于花柱基。 | 瘤果茴芹 Pimpinella tonkinensis |
| 19 | 分枝少，花序少数；无总苞片或偶有1片，小总苞片长于花柄。 | 木里茴芹 Pimpinella silvatica |
| 19 | 茎上部有多数纤细分枝，花序多数；无总苞片和小总苞片。 (20) | |
| 20 | 茎中、下部叶三出分裂，裂片卵形。 | 灰叶茴芹 Pimpinella grisea |
| 20 | 茎中、下部叶2回羽状分裂，裂片卵状披针形。 | 下曲茴芹 Pimpinella refracta |
| 21 | 无萼齿。 (22) | |
| 21 | 萼齿明显。 (34) | |
| 22 | 基生叶和茎下部叶不分裂。 | 少花茴芹 Pimpinella rubescens |
| 22 | 基生叶和茎下部叶1-2回三出分裂、三出式2-3回羽状分裂，或1-2回羽状分裂。 (23) | |
| 23 | 基生叶和茎下部叶三出分裂或羽状分裂。 (24) | |
| 23 | 基生叶和茎下部叶1-2回三出分裂，或三出式2-3回羽状分裂。 (29) | |
| 24 | 伞辐较少，2-6；小伞形花序有花2-8。 (25) | |
| 24 | 伞辐5-20；小伞形花序有花5-25。 (26) | |
| 25 | 无总苞片和小总苞片，果柄较短，长0.5-1厘米。 | 细软茴芹 Pimpinella flaccida |
| 25 | 偶有1总苞片，小总苞片2-3；果柄长1-1.5厘米。 | 锯边茴芹 Pimpinella serra |
| 26 | 伞辐10-20；无总苞片和小总苞片；果实长卵形。 (27) | |
| 26 | 伞辐5-10；有总苞片和小总苞片；果实卵形或卵球形。 (28) | |
| 27 | 基生叶2回羽状分裂，裂片线形，宽1-2毫米。 | 蛇床茴芹 Pimpinella cnidioides |
| 27 | 基生叶羽状分裂，裂片卵状披针形或卵形，宽5-20 (-40) 毫米。 | 羊红膻 Pimpinella thellungiana |
| 28 | 每两对小羽片之间相距1-3厘米，小羽片2-3裂；伞辐长达4厘米；花柱基近于垫状。 | 落新妇茴芹 Pimpinella astilbifolia |
| 28 | 每两对小羽片之间相距0.5-1.5厘米，小羽片不分裂；伞辐较短，长约2厘米；花柱基短圆锥形。 | 台湾茴芹 Pimpinella niitakayamensis |
| 29 | 须根；基生叶及茎下部叶三出式2-3回羽状分裂。 | 沼生茴芹 Pimpinella helosciadia |
| 29 | 根长圆锥形或圆柱形，基生叶及茎下部叶2回三出分裂，或三出式2回羽状分裂。 (30) | |
| 30 | 果柄细长，达10-12毫米。 | 尖叶茴芹 Pimpinella acuminata |
| 30 | 果柄较短，长约2-5毫米。 (31) | |
| 31 | 伞辐长2-3厘米；花瓣卵形或阔卵形；花柱基短圆锥形；花柱短。 (32) | |
| 31 | 伞辐长达6.5厘米，花瓣长圆形；花柱基圆锥形；花柱较长，约为果实长的1/2，或与果实近等长。 (33) | |
| 32 | 伞辐10-15；小伞形花序有花10-15；花瓣基部楔形或有短爪，顶端全缘微内弯。 | 尾尖茴芹 Pimpinella caudata |
| 32 | 伞辐4-8；小伞形花序有花5-10，花瓣基部楔形，顶端凹缺，有内折小舌片。 | 短柱茴芹 Pimpinella brachystyla |
| 33 | 无小总苞片；花瓣顶端全缘。 | 川鄂茴芹 Pimpinella henryi |
| 33 | 小总苞片2-5，线形；花瓣顶端全缘或微凹。 | 菱叶茴芹 Pimpinella rhomboidea |
| 34 | 基生叶和茎下部叶1-2回三出分裂，或近于1-2回羽状分裂。 (35) | |
| 34 | 基生叶和茎下部叶三出式2-4回羽状分裂，或2回三出分裂。 (39) | |
| 35 | 花瓣紫红色，基部有爪；花柱基圆锥形，或近于垫状；胚乳腹面微凹。 | 紫瓣茴芹 Pimpinella purpurea |
| 35 | 花瓣白色，基部楔形；花柱基圆锥形；胚乳腹面平直。 (36) | |
| 36 | 须根；基生叶和茎下部叶三出分裂，稀2回三出分裂，叶裂片卵形、阔卵形。 | 短果茴芹 Pimpinella brachycarpa |
| 36 | 根长圆锥形或支根须根状；基生叶和茎下部叶三出分裂或2回三出分裂，叶裂片卵形、长卵形或菱形。 (37) | |
| 37 | 根长圆锥形；基生叶的叶裂片卵形或菱形，花瓣顶端全缘，不凹陷。 | 景东茴芹 Pimpinella liiana |
| 37 | 支根须根状；茎生叶的叶裂片卵形或长卵形；花瓣顶端凹陷，有内折的小舌片。 (38) | |
| 38 | 通常无总苞片；果实卵形。 | 朝鲜茴芹 Pimpinella koreana |
| 38 | 总苞片3-5；果实长卵形。 | 具萼茴芹 Pimpinella calycina |
| 39 | 基生叶的末回裂片线形，长0.5-2.5厘米，宽0.1-0.2厘米。 | 谷生茴芹 Pimpinella valleculosa |
| 39 | 基生叶的末回裂片卵形或卵状披针形，长2-8厘米，宽1-4厘米。 (40) | |
| 40 | 基生叶和茎下部叶的末回裂片顶端尖尾状；伞辐长可达7厘米；果实较大，长约4毫米。 | 锐叶茴芹 Pimpinella arguta |
| 40 | 基生叶和茎下部叶的末回裂片顶端不呈尾状；伞辐较短，长2-3.5厘米；果实较小，长约2毫米。 | 辽冀茴芹 Pimpinella komarovi |
| 1 | Calyx teeth obsolete; fruit usually ornamented, hairy, papillose or granular, occasionally smooth. | (2) |
| 1 + | Calyx teeth conspicuous or obsolete; fruit glabrous. | (18) |
| 2 (1) | Annuals or biennials; bracteoles absent, rarely 1–4. | (3) |
| 2 (1) + | Perennials; bracteoles present. | (5) |
| 3 (2) | Stylopodium conic; fruit oblong-ovoid. (1) | Pimpinella anisum |
| 3 (2) + | Stylopodium low-conic; fruit ovoid-globose or cordate-ovoid. | (4) |
| 4 (3) | Rays 15–20, 15–40 mm; bracteoles absent (Xinjiang). (2) | Pimpinella puberula |
| 4 (3) + | Rays 3–5, 5–10 mm; bracteoles 2–4 (Sichuan, Yunnan). (3) | Pimpinella silvatica |
| 5 (2) | Basal and cauline leaves homomorphic, ternate or 1-pinnate, pinnae 2 pairs; flowers fertile in terminal umbels, mainly sterile in lateral umbels. (4) | Pimpinella kingdon-wardii |
| 5 (2) + | Basal and cauline leaves heteromorphic, simple, ternate or 1–2-pinnate; flowers fertile in terminal and lateral umbels. | (6) |
| 6 (5) | Root fibrous. | (7) |
| 6 (5) + | Taproot cylindrical or fusiform. | (8) |
| 7 (6) | Petals dark purple, glabrous, base shortly clawed. (5) | Pimpinella atropurpurea |
| 7 (6) + | Petals white, hairy abaxially, base cuneate. (6) | Pimpinella diversifolia |
| 8 (6) | Basal and lower leaves 1–2-pinnate or ternate-1–2-pinnate, rarely ternate. | (9) |
| 8 (6) + | Basal and lower leaves simple, 1-pinnate or ternate. | (12) |
| 9 (8) | Rays and pedicels extremely unequal, rays 2–70 mm. (14) | Pimpinella smithii |
| 9 (8) + | Rays and pedicels subequal or slightly unequal, rays 5–25(–30) mm. | (10) |
| 10 (9) | Styles 2–4 × stylopodium; fruit sparsely pubescent to glabrous; basal leaves 1–2-pinnate. (15) | Pimpinella fargesii |
| 10 (9) + | Styles 1–1.5 × stylopodium; fruit densely or sparsely pubescent; basal leaves 1-pinnate, or ternate, 1–2-pinnate. | (11) |
| 11 (10) | Rays 4–10, slightly unequal; fruit densely pubescent, basal leaves 1-pinnate, rarely ternate. (16) | Pimpinella chungdienensis |
| 11 (10) + | Rays 8–16, subequal; fruit sparsely pubescent, basal leaves ternate-1–2-pinnate. (17) | Pimpinella tonkinensis |
| 12 (8) | Basal and lower leaves ternate, rarely simple. | (13) |
| 12 (8) + | Basal and lower leaves usually simple. | (14) |
| 13 (12) | Bracteoles equal to or longer than pedicels; vittae 1 in each furrow. (12) | Pimpinella tibetanica |
| 13 (12) + | Bracteoles equal to or shorter than pedicels; vittae 1–4 in each furrow. (13) | Pimpinella bisinuata |
| 14 (12) | Leaf blade reniform-rotund, cordate-lanceolate or long triangular, rarely cordate-ovate. | (15) |
| 14 (12) + | Leaf blade cordate-ovate. | (16) |
| 15 (14) | Styles 1–1.5 × stylopodium; basal and lower leaves cordate-lanceolate or long triangular (Sichuan, Yunnan). (10) | Pimpinella yunnanensis |
| 15 (14) + | Styles ca. 3 × stylopodium; basal and lower leaves reniform-rotund (Hubei). (11) | Pimpinella renifolia |
| 16 (14) | Rays 6–15, 1–3 cm; bracteoles equal to or longer than flowers, densely hirsute. (7) | Pimpinella rockii |
| 16 (14) + | Rays (6–)10–25, 1.5–4(–6) cm; bracteoles shorter than or longer than flowers, glabrous. | (17) |
| 17 (16) | Styles 1–1.5 × stylopodium; fruit papillose-rugose. (8) | Pimpinella coriacea |
| 17 (16) + | Styles 2–3 × stylopodium; fruit finely granulate. (9) | Pimpinella candolleana |
| 18 (1) | Calyx teeth conspicuous. | (19) |
| 18 (1) + | Calyx teeth obsolete, rarely minute. | (28) |
| 19 (18) | Basal and lower leaves ternate-2-pinnate, 1–3-ternate or 3–4-pinnate; rays glabrous or hirsute. | (20) |
| 19 (18) + | Basal and lower leaves 1–2-ternate or 1–2-pinnate; rays glabrous or pubescent. | (23) |
| 20 (19) | Fruit oblong-ovoid; ultimate leaf segments linear. (41) | Pimpinella valleculosa |
| 20 (19) + | Fruit ovoid or cordate-ovoid; ultimate leaf segments ovate-lanceolate, ovate, broad-ovate or suborbicular. | (21) |
| 21 (20) | Ultimate leaf segments broad-ovate or suborbicular, 1–2 × 1–1.5 cm; styles ca. 1 × stylopodium; vittae 1 in each furrow. (42) | Pimpinella xizangensis |
| 21 (20) + | Ultimate leaf segments ovate-lanceolate or rhombic, 2–8 × 1–4 cm; styles 2–3 × stylopodium; vittae 3 in each furrow. | (22) |
| 22 (21) | Rays 2–7 cm; fruit ca. 4 × 3 mm; leaflets acuminate or caudate at the apex. (43) | Pimpinella arguta |
| 22 (21) + | Rays 2–3.5 cm; fruit ca. 2 × 1.5–2 mm; leaflets acuminate at the apex. (44) | Pimpinella komarovii |
| 23 (19) | Petals purple, base shortly clawed. | (24) |
| 23 (19) + | Petals white, base cuneate; seed face plane. | (25) |
| 24 (23) | Plants 30–80 cm; seed face slightly concave (Yunnan). (35) | Pimpinella purpurea |
| 24 (23) + | Plants 10–30 cm; seed face flat (Xizang). (36) | Pimpinella pimpinellisimulacrum |
| 25 (23) | Root fusiform; petals without incurved apex (Yunnan). (37) | Pimpinella liana |
| 25 (23) + | Roots fibrous; petals with an incurved apex (NE China). | (26) |
| 26 (25) | Leaves ternate, leaflets ovate or broad-ovate. (38) | Pimpinella brachycarpa |
| 26 (25) + | Leaves 1–2-ternate, leaflets ovate, oblong-ovate, or rhombic. | (27) |
| 27 (26) | Bracts absent, occasionally 2–3; fruit cordate-ovoid, ca. 1 × 0.8 mm. (39) | Pimpinella koreana |
| 27 (26) + | Bracts persistent, 3–5; fruit oblong-ovoid, ca. 5 × 2 mm. (40) | Pimpinella calycina |
| 28 (18) | All leaves simple or ternate; umbels 0.5–1 cm across, mostly lateral. (18) | Pimpinella rubescens |
| 28 (18) + | Basal and lower leaves 1–2-ternate, ternate-2–3-pinnate or 1–3-pinnate; umbels 2–10 cm across, terminal and lateral. | (29) |
| 29 (28) | Basal and lower leaves 1–2-ternate or 1–2-pinnate. | (30) |
| 29 (28) + | Basal and lower leaves 1–3-ternate or ternate-2–3-pinnate. | (37) |
| 30 (29) | Rays 2–6; umbellules 2–8-flowered; basal leaves 1–2-ternate or 1-pinnate, pinnae 2 pairs. | (31) |
| 30 (29) + | Rays 5–25; umbellules 5–25-flowered; basal leaves 1–3-pinnate, pinnae 3–6 pairs. | (34) |
| 31 (30) | Bracteoles 2–3; pedicels 10–15 mm in fruit (Anhui). (19) | Pimpinella serra |
| 31 (30) + | Bracteoles 0; pedicels 1–10 mm in fruit (Guizhou, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan). | (32) |
| 32 (31) | Plants glabrous; umbels 3–5 cm across, very lax; fruit ca. 2 mm, usually only one mericarp matures. (20) | Pimpinella refracta |
| 32 (31) + | Plants sparsely puberulent or pubescent; umbels 1–3.5 cm across, compact or open; fruit ca. 1 mm, both mericarps mature. | (33) |
| 33 (32) | Plants little-branched above; rays 2–6; style ca. 1 × stylopodium. (21) | Pimpinella flaccida |
| 33 (32) + | Plants several- or much-branched above; rays 4–5; style ca. 2 × stylopodium. (22) | Pimpinella grisea |
| 34 (30) | Bracts and bracteoles present; fruit cordate-ovoid; basal leaves 1-pinnate (Taiwan). (23) | Pimpinella niitakayamensis |
| 34 (30) + | Bracts and bracteoles absent; fruit oblong-ovoid; basal leaves 1–3-pinnate-pinnatifid. | (35) |
| 35 (34) | Basal leaves 1-pinnate, pinnae incised or lacerate-pinnatifid, ultimate segments ovate-lanceolate or ovate. (24) | Pimpinella thellungiana |
| 35 (34) + | Basal leaves 2–3-pinnate, ultimate segments linear or lanceolate. | (36) |
| 36 (35) | Styles ca. 3 × stylopodium; seed face plane; basal leaves 2-pinnate (NE China). (25) | Pimpinella cnidioides |
| 36 (35) + | Styles ca. 1 × stylopodium; seed face slightly concave; basal leaves 2–3-pinnate (Xizang). (26) | Pimpinella filipedicellata |
| 37 (29) | Root fibrous; basal and lower leaves ternate-2–3-pinnate. (27) | Pimpinella helosciadoidea |
| 37 (29) + | Taproot cylindrical or fusiform; basal and lower leaves 2-ternate or ternate-1–3-pinnate. | (38) |
| 38 (37) | Styles ca. equal to stylopodium. | (39) |
| 38 (37) + | Styles 2–3 × stylopodium. | (40) |
| 39 (38) | Rays 4–6(–8), extremely unequal; pedicels 2–3 mm in fruit. (28) | Pimpinella brachystyla |
| 39 (38) + | Rays 4–10(–13), subequal; pedicels 10–20 mm in fruit. (29) | Pimpinella acuminata |
| 40 (38) | Rays 5–8, 1.5–2.5 cm; basal leaves ternate-2–3-pinnate. (30) | Pimpinella nyingchiensis |
| 40 (38) + | Rays (5–)10–25, 3–6(–8) cm; basal leaves 2–3-ternate. | (41) |
| 41 (40) | Petals obcordate, apex incurved; basal leaves 2-ternate. (31) | Pimpinella caudata |
| 41 (40) + | Petals oblong-ovate, apex not incurved; basal leaves 2–3-ternate. | (42) |
| 42 (41) | Rays 5–7, 4–5 cm; basal leaves 3-ternate. (32) | Pimpinella triternata |
| 42 (41) + | Rays 10–25, 0.5–4(–6.5) cm; basal leaves 2-ternate. | (43) |
| 43 (42) | Bracteoles 1–2, or 0; terminal leaflets oblong-ovate or oblong-rhombic. (33) | Pimpinella henryi |
| 43 (42) + | Bracteoles 2–5; terminal leaflets broad-ovate or rhombic. (34) | Pimpinella rhomboidea |
多年生草本，稀一年生或二年生。根圆锥形，少须根。茎直立，常有分枝。叶柄基部具中等大小的膜质叶鞘；基生叶与茎生叶同形或异形，叶片不分裂、三出分裂或三出式羽状分裂；茎上部叶逐渐变小，常各式分裂。复伞形花序顶生和侧生；总苞片和小总苞片无或1—6，常为线形，稀披针形；伞辐近等长或不等长；小伞形花序常有多数花，稀2—4朵；萼齿不明显或为三角状披针形；花瓣白色，稀粉红色或紫红色，卵形或阔倒卵形，顶端凹陷，有内折小舌片，稀全缘；花柱基圆锥形或短圆锥形，花柱短或长于花柱基，向两侧反曲。果实卵形或宽卵形，稀长卵形，基部心形，被毛或光滑，果棱线形或不显著；分生果横切面五角形或近圆形，棱槽内油管1—4，合生面油管2—6；胚乳腹面平直或微回。约150种，主要分布于欧、亚、非三洲温带，美洲有少数种类（北美太平洋沿岸1种，南美数种）。我国40余种；云南有28种2变种。
45．茴芹属——Pimpinella L.
L. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. 263. 1753. ——Pimpinella L. gr. Spuriopimpinellade Boiss. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 428. 1906. ——Spuriopimpinella (de Boiss.) Kitagawa in Journ. Jap. Bot. 17(10): 558. 1941.
一年生、二年生或多年生草本。须根或有长圆锥形的主根。茎通常直立，稀匍匐，一般有分枝。叶柄长于或短于叶片，或与叶片近等长，基部有叶鞘；叶片不分裂、三出分裂、三出式羽状分裂或羽状分裂，裂片卵形、心形、披针形或线形；茎生叶与基生叶异形或同形，茎生叶向上逐渐简化变小，茎上部叶通常无柄，只有叶鞘。复伞形花序顶生和侧生，有或无总苞片及小总苞片，线形，稀披针形，全缘，偶有3裂；伞辐近等长、不等长或极不等长；小伞形花序通常有多数花，罕为2-4朵；萼齿通常不明显，或呈三角形、披针形；花瓣卵形、阔卵形或倒卵形，白色，稀为淡红色或紫色，基部一般为楔形，罕有爪，顶端凹陷，有内折小舌片，或全缘，并不内折，背面有毛或光滑；花柱基圆锥形、短圆锥形，稀为垫状，花柱一般长于花柱基，向两侧弯曲，或与花柱基近等长。果实卵形、长卵形或卵球形，基部心形，两侧扁压，有毛或无毛，果棱线形或不明显；分生果横剖面五角形或近圆形；每棱槽内油管1-4，合生面油管2-6；胚乳腹面平直或微凹；心皮柄2裂至中部或基部。
约150种，产欧、亚、非三洲，少数分布至美洲。我国有39种，2变种。
本属模式种：虎耳草茴芹 Pimpinella saxifraga L.
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