学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
中文名 | 半边莲 |
命名人 | Lour. |
中文科名 | 桔梗科 |
拉丁属名 | Lobelia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Campanulaceae |
中文属名 | 半边莲属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
中文名 | 半边莲 |
中文科名 | 半边莲科 |
拉丁属名 | Lobelia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lobeliaceae |
中文属名 | 半边莲属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
中文名 | 半边莲 |
中文科名 | 桔梗科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | CAMPANULACEAE |
学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
中文名 | 半边莲 |
中文科名 | 桔梗科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | CAMPANULACEAE |
学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
命名人 | Lour. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Lobelia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Campanulaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
命名人 | Lour. |
发表年份 | 1790(年) |
拉丁属名 | Lobelia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Campanulaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
中文名 | 半边莲 |
拉丁属名 | Lobelia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Campanulaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
中文名 | 半边莲 |
中文科名 | 桔梗科 |
拉丁属名 | Lobelia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Campanulaceae |
中文属名 | 半边莲属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
发表年份 | 1873(年) |
拉丁属名 | Lobelia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Campanulaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Lobelia chinensis |
拉丁属名 | Lobelia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Campanulaceae |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Dortmanna chinensis | Synonym | The Plant List | (Lour.) Kuntze |
Isolobus caespitosus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Blume) Hassk. |
Isolobus campanuloides | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb.) A.DC. |
Isolobus roxburghianus | Synonym | The Plant List | A.DC. |
Dortmanna campanuloides | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb.) Kuntze |
Lobelia campanuloides | Synonym | The Plant List | Thunb. |
Lobelia chinensis f. lactiflora | Synonym | The Plant List | (Hisauti) H.Hara |
Dortmanna radicans | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb.) Kuntze |
Lobelia japonica | Synonym | The Plant List | F.Dietr. |
Lobelia radicans | Synonym | The Plant List | Thunb. |
Isolobus kerii | Synonym | The Plant List | A.DC. |
Isolobus radicans | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb.) A.DC. |
Lobelia radicans f. lactiflora | Synonym | The Plant List | Hisauti |
Lobelia caespitosa | Synonym | The Plant List | Blume |
Lobelia radicans f. plena | Synonym | The Plant List | Makino |
Lobelia chinensis var. albiflora | Synonym | The Plant List | (E.Wimm.) E.Wimm. |
Lobelia roxburgiana | Synonym | The Plant List | (A.DC.) Heynh. |
Lobelia chinensis f. plena | Synonym | The Plant List | (Makino) H.Hara |
Rapuntium caespitosum | Synonym | The Plant List | (Blume) C.Presl |
Lobelia kerii | Synonym | The Plant List | (A.DC.) Heynh. |
Rapuntium campanuloides | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb.) C.Presl |
Lobelia radicans var. albiflora | Synonym | The Plant List | E.Wimm. |
Rapuntium radicans | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb.) C.Presl. |
Pratia radicans | Synonym | The Plant List | G.Don |
Pratia thunbergii | Synonym | The Plant List | G.Don |
Rapuntium chinense | Synonym | The Plant List | (Lour.) C.Presl |
Rapuntium chinensis | Synonym | The Plant List | C. Presl |
一年生匍匐或上升矮小草本;茎少分枝,无毛,稍具2条纵棱。叶互生,排成2列,长椭圆状至披针形,位于茎顶部的通常呈披针形,长7—20毫米,宽1—5毫米,先端急尖或钝,基部圆形或稍狭,全缘或近先端有浅锯齿;无毛;侧脉不明显;叶柄短或几无柄。花单生于上部叶腋,花少;花梗长2—3.5厘米,无小苞片,萼管倒圆锥形,稍有棱,被微柔毛或无毛,萼裂片钻形,长2—4毫米,外面沿中肋有时被微毛,基部边缘有时具小齿;花冠淡紫色或淡红色,长10—15毫米,单唇,裂片披针形,并稍开展,下唇3片顶端长渐尖,稍反卷,近裂缺处有时具2个青色腺囊;前面2枚雄蕊的花丝稍宽,基部密被毛,花药管被疏柔毛,下2蕊顶具髯毛。蒴果倒圆锥形,长5-6毫米;种子椭圆形,有时扁平,褐色,平滑。花期5-12月。
云南大理(喜州)有分布。我国长江以南各省区均有。生于水稻田边、沟旁、湿润草地。日本,朝鲜,越南,老挝,柬埔寨,泰国,印度,马来西亚,印度尼西亚(爪哇)等地有分布。
Lobelia caespitosa Blume; L. campanuloides Thunberg; L. chinensis var. albiflora (F. E. Wimmer) F. E. Wimmer; L. radicans Thunberg; L. radicans var. albiflora F. E. Wimmer; Pratia thunbergii G. Don.
Herbs, perennial. Stems decumbent, slender, 6-30 cm tall, glabrous, lower nodes rooted. Leaves alternate, sessile or petiole to 1 mm; blade narrowly elliptic, elliptic, or lanceolate, 7-26 × 1.5-7 mm, glabrous, base rounded, obtuse, or broadly cuneate, margin entire or obviously serrate at upper part, apex acute or acuminate. Flowers usually solitary, axillary at upper leaves of branches; pedicels slender, 1.2-2.5(-3.5) cm; bracteoles 2 at base, ca. 1 mm, glabrous, or absent. Hypanthium narrowly obconical, base attenuate, not well distinguished from pedicel, 3-5 mm, glabrous; calyx lobes lanceolate, ± as long as tube, margin entire or with a pair of denticles. Corolla rose, white, or bluish, 10-15 mm, divided to base at back, white villous below throat; lobes all spreading in a plane on anterior side; lateral 2 lobes lanceolate or oblanceolate, longer than others, central 3 elliptic. Filament tube 6-8 mm, connate above middle, glabrous; anther tube 2-2.5 mm, back glabrous or sparsely villous. Capsule obconic, 6-7 mm. Seeds broadly elliptic, compressed, pitted. Fl. and fr. May-Oct.
By paddy fields, streams, among wet grasses. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
7. 半边莲 急解索,细米草,瓜仁草
Lobelia chinensis Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 2: 514. 1790; A. DC. in DC., Prodr. 7: 300. 1839; 广州植物志, 564. 1956; E. Wimm., Pfl. R. Heft 107: 609. 1953, incl. var. ; Moeliono et Tuyn, in Fl. Males. ser. 1, 6 (1): 130, 1960; 中国高等植物图鉴, 4: 396. 图6025, 1975.——L. erinus Thunb., Fl. Jap. 325. 1784, non L. (1771) ——L. radicans Thunb., Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. 2: 330. 1794; Franch., Pl. David. 1: 192. 1884; Tsoong, Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 3 (3): 114. f. 16, D, 1935. ——L. campanuloides Thunb., Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. 2: 331. 1794. ——L. caespitosa Bl., Bijdr. 729. 1826. ——Dortmannia chinensis, D. campanuloides, D. radicans O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 380. 1891. ——Raputium caespitosum, R. campanuloides, R. chinense, R. radicans, Presl, Prodr. Monogr. Lobeliac. 13. 14. 1836. -——Isolobus radicans A. DC., l. c. 353. ——I. kerii, I. roxburghianus A. DC., l. c., 353. ——Pratia radicans et P. thunbergii G. Don, Gen. Syst. 3: 700. 1834.
多年生草本。茎细弱,匍匐,节上生根,分枝直立,高6-15厘米,无毛。叶互生,无柄或近无柄,椭圆状披针形至条形,长8-25厘米,宽2-6厘米,先端急尖,基部圆形至阔楔形,全缘或顶部有明显的锯齿,无毛。花通常1朵,生分枝的上部叶腋;花梗细,长1.2-2.5 (3.5) 厘米,基部有长约1毫米的小苞片2枚、1枚或者没有,小苞片无毛;花萼筒倒长锥状,基部渐细而与花梗无明显区分,长3-5毫米,无毛,裂片披针形,约与萼筒等长,全缘或下部有1对小齿;花冠粉红色或白色,长10-15毫米,背面裂至基部,喉部以下生白色柔毛,裂片全部平展于下方,呈一个平面,2侧裂片披针形,较长,中间3枚裂片椭圆状披针形,较短;雄蕊长约8毫米,花丝中部以上连合,花丝筒无毛,未连合部分的花丝侧面生柔毛,花药管长约2毫米,背部无毛或疏生柔毛。蒴果倒锥状,长约6毫米。种子椭圆状,稍扁压,近肉色。花果期5-10月。
产长江中、下游及以南各省区。印度以东的亚洲其它各国也有。生于水田边、沟边及潮湿草地上。模式标本采自广东。
全草可供药用,含多种生物碱,主要为:山梗菜碱 (lobeline)、山梗菜酮碱 (lobelanine)、异山梗菜酮碱 (isolobelanine)、山梗菜醇碱 (lobelanidine)。有清热解毒、利尿消肿之效,治毒蛇咬伤、肝硬化腹水、晚期血吸虫病腹水、阑尾炎等。
Lobelia chinensis | |||
Family Name: | Campanulaceae | Genera name: | Lobelia |
Species name: | chinensis | Genera status: | |
NLR: | Comments: | ||
Sample Name: | Osaka Group Plio. | Formation: | |
Age: | Epoch (to): | Pliocene~ | |
Stage: | ~ | Contributer: | |
Ecology: | Climate: | ||
|
locality name: | Harima | Province/State: | Kyoto |
Continents: | Asia | county: | Osaka |
country: | Japan | longitude-decimal degrees: | 135.5 |
latitude-decimal degrees: | 34.73 | elevation [m]: | 20 |
Notes: |
Osaka-Momohara, 1992 | |||
title: | Late Pliocene Plant Biostratigraphy of the Lowermost Part of the Osaka Group, Southwest Japan, with Reference to Extinction of Plants | ||
Year: | 1992 | Type: | journal |
Volume: | 31 | Issue: | 2 |
Pages: | 77-89 | Publisher: | |
Location of publisher: | General: | ||
Authors: | Arata Momohara |
Phanerozoic |
Proterozoic |
Archean |
Hadean (informal) |
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Cenozoic |
Mesozoic |
Paleozoic |
Neoproterozoic |
Mesoproterozoic |
Paleoproterozoic |
Neoarchean |
Mesoarchean |
Paleoarchean |
Eoarchean |
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Quaternary |
Neogene |
Paleogene |
Cretaceous |
Jurassic |
Triassic |
Permian |
Carboniferous |
Devonian |
Silurian |
Ordovician |
Cambrian |
Ediacaran |
Cryogenian |
Tonian |
Stenian |
Ectasian |
Calymmian |
Statherian |
Orosirian |
Rhyacian |
Siderian |
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Holocene |
Pleistocene |
Pliocene |
Miocene |
Oligocene |
Eocene |
Paleocene |
Upper |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Lopingian |
Guadalupian |
Cisuralian |
Pennsylvanian-Upper |
Pennsylvanian-Middle |
Pennsylvanian-Lower |
Mississippian-Upper |
Mississippian-Middle |
Mississippian-Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Pridoli |
Ludlow |
Wenlock |
Llandovery |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Furongian |
Series 3 |
Series 2 |
Terreneuvian |
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Upper |
"lonia" |
Calabrian |
Gelasian |
Piacenzian |
Zanclean |
Messinian |
Tortonian |
Serravallian |
Langhian |
Burdigalian |
Chattian |
Aquitanian |
Rupelian |
Priabonian |
Bartonian |
Lutetian |
Ypresian |
Thanetian |
Selandian |
Danian |
Maastrichtian |
Campanian |
Santonian |
Coniacian |
Turonian |
Cenomanian |
Albian |
Aptian |
Barremian |
Hauterivian |
Valanginian |
Berriasian |
Tithonian |
Kimmeridgian |
Oxfordian |
Callovian |
Bathonian |
Bajocian |
Aalenian |
Toarcian |
Pliensbachian |
Sinemurian |
Hettangian |
Rhaetian |
Norian |
Carnian |
Ladinian |
Anisian |
Olenekian |
Induan |
Changhsingian |
Wuchiapingian |
Capitanian |
Wordian |
Roadian |
Kungurian |
Artinskian |
Sakmarian |
Asselian |
Gzhelian |
Kasimovian |
Moscovian |
Bashkirian |
Serpukhovian |
Visean |
Tournaisian |
Famennian |
Frasnian |
Givetian |
Eifelian |
Emsian |
Pragian |
Lochkovian |
Ludfordian |
Gorstian |
Homerian |
Sheinwoodian |
Telychian |
Aeronian |
Rhuddanian |
Hirnantian |
Katian |
Sandbian |
Darriwilian |
Dapingian |
Floian |
Tremadocian |
Stage 10 |
Stage 9 |
Paibian |
Guzhangian |
Drumian |
Stage 5 |
Stage 4 |
Stage 3 |
Stage 2 |
Fortunian |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |
显生宇 |
元古宇 |
太古宇 |
冥古宇 (非正式) |
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新生界 |
中生界 |
古生界 |
新元古界 |
中元古界 |
古元古界 |
新太古界 |
中太古界 |
古太古界 |
始太古界 |
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第四系 |
新近系 |
古近系 |
白垩系 |
侏罗系 |
三叠系 |
三叠系 |
石炭系 |
泥盆系 |
志留系 |
奥陶系 |
寒武系 |
埃迪卡拉系 |
成冰系 |
拉伸系 |
狭带系 |
延展系 |
盖层系 |
固结系 |
造山系 |
层侵系 |
成铁系 |
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全新统 |
更新统 |
上新统 |
中新统 |
渐新统 |
始新统 |
古新统 |
上白垩统 |
下白垩统 |
上侏罗统 |
中侏罗统 |
下侏罗统 |
上三叠统 |
中三叠统 |
下三叠统 |
乐平统 |
瓜德鲁普统 |
乌拉尔统 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-上 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-中 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-下 |
密西西比亚系-上 |
密西西比亚系-中 |
密西西比亚系-下 |
上泥盆统 |
中泥盆统 |
下泥盆统 |
普里道利统 |
罗德洛统 |
文洛克统 |
兰多维列统 |
上奥陶统 |
中奥陶统 |
下奥陶统 |
芙蓉统 |
第三统 |
第二统 |
纽芬兰统 |
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上更新统 |
“伊奥尼雅阶” |
卡拉布里雅阶 |
格拉斯阶 |
皮亚琴察阶 |
赞克尔阶 |
梅辛阶 |
托尔通阶 |
塞拉瓦尔阶 |
兰哥阶 |
布尔迪加尔阶 |
阿启坦阶 |
夏特阶 |
鲁培尔阶 |
普利亚本阶 |
巴尔通阶 |
鲁帝特阶 |
伊普里斯阶 |
坦尼特阶 |
赛兰特阶 |
丹尼阶 |
马斯特里赫特阶 |
坎潘阶 |
三冬阶 |
康尼亚克阶 |
土伦阶 |
赛诺曼阶 |
阿尔布阶 |
阿普特阶 |
巴雷姆阶 |
欧特里夫阶 |
凡兰吟阶 |
贝利阿斯阶 |
提塘阶 |
基末利阶 |
牛津阶 |
卡洛夫阶 |
巴通阶 |
巴柔阶 |
阿林阶 |
土阿辛阶 |
普林斯巴阶 |
辛涅缪尔阶 |
赫塘阶 |
瑞替阶 |
诺利阶 |
卡尼阶 |
拉丁阶 |
安尼阶 |
奥伦尼克阶 |
印度阶 |
长兴阶 |
吴家坪阶 |
卡匹敦阶 |
沃德阶 |
罗德阶 |
空谷阶 |
亚丁斯克阶 |
萨克马尔阶 |
阿瑟尔阶 |
格舍尔阶 |
卡西莫夫阶 |
莫斯科阶 |
巴什基尔阶 |
谢尔普霍夫阶 |
维宪阶 |
杜内阶 |
法门阶 |
弗拉阶 |
吉维特阶 |
艾菲尔阶 |
埃姆斯阶 |
布拉格阶 |
洛霍考夫阶 |
卢德福特阶 |
高斯特阶 |
侯墨阶 |
申伍德阶 |
特列奇阶 |
埃隆阶 |
鲁丹阶 |
赫南特阶 |
凯迪阶 |
桑比阶 |
达瑞威尔阶 |
大坪阶 |
弗洛阶 |
特马豆克阶 |
第十阶 |
第九阶 |
排碧阶 |
古丈阶 |
鼓山阶 |
第五阶 |
第四阶 |
第三阶 |
第二阶 |
幸运阶 |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |