| 学名(拉丁名) | Larix decidua |
| 中文名 | 欧洲落叶松 |
| 命名人 | Mill. |
| 中文科名 | 松科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Larix |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Pinaceae |
| 中文属名 | 落叶松属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Larix decidua |
| 命名人 | Mill. (accepted name) |
| 拉丁属名 | Larix |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Pinaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Larix decidua |
| 命名人 | Mill. |
| 发表年份 | 1768(年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Larix |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Pinaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Larix decidua |
| 中文名 | 欧洲落叶松 |
| 拉丁属名 | Larix |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Pinaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Larix decidua |
| 中文名 | 欧洲落叶松 |
| 中文科名 | 松科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Larix |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Pinaceae |
| 中文属名 | 落叶松属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Larix decidua |
| 发表年份 | 1754(年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Larix |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Pinaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Larix decidua |
| 拉丁属名 | Larix |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Pinaceae |
| 学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abies larix | Synonym | The Plant List | Poir. |
| Abies larix var. pendula | Synonym | The Plant List | (P.Lawson) Lindl. & Gordon |
| Larix caducifolia | Synonym | The Plant List | Gilib. |
| Larix communis | Synonym | The Plant List | Lindl. |
| Larix decidua subsp. europaea | Synonym | The Plant List | (DC.) Domin |
| Larix decidua var. pendula | Synonym | The Plant List | (P.Lawson) Henkel & W.Hochst. |
| Larix decidua f. pendula | Synonym | The Plant List | (P.Lawson) R.E.Fr. |
| Larix decidua var. pendulina | Synonym | The Plant List | (Regel) Regel |
| Larix decidua subsp. sudetica | Synonym | The Plant List | (Domin) Domin |
| Larix europaea | Synonym | The Plant List | DC. |
| Larix europaea var. pendula | Synonym | The Plant List | P.Lawson |
| Larix europaea var. pendulina | Synonym | The Plant List | Regel |
| Larix excelsa | Synonym | The Plant List | Link |
| Larix gracilis | Synonym | The Plant List | A.Dietr. |
| Larix larix | Synonym | The Plant List | (L.) H.Karst. |
| Larix pyramidalis | Synonym | The Plant List | Salisb. |
| Larix sudetica | Synonym | The Plant List | Domin |
| Larix vulgaris | Synonym | The Plant List | Fisch. ex Spach |
| Peuce larix | Synonym | The Plant List | (L.) Rich. |
| Pinus laeta | Synonym | The Plant List | Salisb. |
| Pinus larix | Synonym | The Plant List | L. |
| Pinus larix var. europaea | Synonym | The Plant List | Pall. |
| Pinus larix var. pendula | Synonym | The Plant List | (P.Lawson) Endl. |
| Larix decidua var. carpatica | Accepted | The Plant List | Domin |
| Larix decidua var. polonica | Accepted | The Plant List | (Racib. ex Wóycicki) Ostenf. & Syrach |
Larix europaea Lamarck & de Candolle.
Trees to 50 m tall; trunk to 2 m d.b.h.; bark grayish brown, cracking into irregular plates; crown irregularly pyramidal; long branchlets light yellow or light grayish yellow, turning gray or blackish in 2nd or 3rd year, initially glabrous; short branchlets cylindric or subglobose, bearing rings of scale remnants; leaf cushions densely yellow pubescent. Leaves 2-3 cm × 0.5-1 mm, flat or occasionally slightly keeled adaxially, keeled abaxially. Seed cones dark red or purplish, becoming green with pink scale margins, ovoid or ovoid-oblong. Seed scales ovate or suborbicular, 0.8-1.5 × 0.7-1.3 cm, initially reddish pubescent near base abaxially, glabrescent, base narrowed, margin incurved distally, apex repand or shallowly emarginate. Bracts included, apex 3-lobed, cusp exposed, ca. 2.5 mm. Seeds dark brownish gray, ovoid-cuneate, ca. 4 × 2.5 mm; wing pale brown, ovate.
Cultivated. Jiangxi (Lu Shan), Liaoning (Xiongyuecheng) [native to Europe]
11. 欧洲落叶松（庐山植物园栽培植物手册）
Larix deciduas Mill. Gard. Dict. Abridge ed. 4. 2. 1754; Rehd. Man. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 51. 1927, ed. 2. 32. 1940, et. Bibliogr. 29. 1949; Ostenf. And Syrach L. in Biol. Meddel. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. 9(2): 69. f. 22-23. 1930; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. ed. 3. 347. f. 64. 1948, rev. Harrison, Handb. Conif. and. Ginkgo. Ed. 4. 294. f. 60. 1966; Gaussen, Gymnosp. 511. 625. 1966; Bobr. In Novit. Syst. Pl. Vascul. 9: 12. 1972. ——Larix europaea DC. In Lam. et DC. Fl. Franc. Ed. 3. 3: 277. 1805; Kent, Veitch’s Man. Conif. ed. 2. 391. 1900; Beissn. Handb. Nadelh. ed. 2. 311. f. 74-75. 1909; Clinton-Baker, Illustr. Conif. 2: 55. cum tab. 1909. ——Larix larix (Linn.) Karst. Deutsche Fl. Pharm.-med. Bot. 326. 1880-1883.
落叶乔木，在原产地高达35米。树皮暗灰褐色，裂万不规则块片脱落。 枝平展，树冠呈不规则塔形；小枝平展，枝稍多少上升；一年生枝较细，无毛，淡黄色或淡灰黄色，短枝顶端叶枕间有密生黄色柔毛。叶倒披针状条形，长2-3厘米，宽约1毫米，上面平或圆，稀基部微隆起，光绿色，无气孔线或两侧各有1条连续连续的气孔线，下面中脉隆起，两侧各有3-5条灰白色气孔线。球果大小，形状变异较大，常呈卵圆形或卵状圆柱形，长2-4厘米，径1.5-2.5厘米，熟时淡褐色，通常具40-50枚种鳞；中部种鳞近圆形，长8-1.1毫米，背面平滑或有细小疣状突起和短粗毛；苞鳞基部较宽，先端三裂，中脉延伸成尾状长尖，微露出；种子具与种鳞近等长之翅。
原产欧洲。我国江西庐山、辽宁沈阳及熊岳引种栽培，生长一般。
标本份数
| Larix decidua | |||
| Family Name: | Pinaceae | Genera name: | Larix |
| Species name: | decidua | Genera status: | |
| NLR: | Comments: | ||
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| Sample Name: | Frankfurt(F) | Formation: | |
| Age: | Epoch (to): | Pliocene~ | |
| Stage: | ~ | Contributer: | |
| Ecology: | Climate: | ||
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| locality name: | Frankfurt(F) | Province/State: | Mainzer |
| Continents: | county: | Mainzer Becken | |
| country: | Germany | longitude-decimal degrees: | 8.65 |
| latitude-decimal degrees: | 50.1 | elevation [m]: | |
| Notes: | |||
| Frankfurt(F)-Gregor, 1989 | |||
| title: | Das Hauptbraunkohlenlager der Wetterau. Ber. Wetterau, Gesellschaft für gesamte Naturkunde, 1-51 | ||
| Year: | 1989 | Type: | |
| Volume: | Issue: | ||
| Pages: | Publisher: | ||
| Location of publisher: | General: | ||
| Authors: | Gregor, H.-J. | ||
Phanerozoic |
Proterozoic |
Archean |
Hadean (informal) |
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Cenozoic |
Mesozoic |
Paleozoic |
Neoproterozoic |
Mesoproterozoic |
Paleoproterozoic |
Neoarchean |
Mesoarchean |
Paleoarchean |
Eoarchean |
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Quaternary |
Neogene |
Paleogene |
Cretaceous |
Jurassic |
Triassic |
Permian |
Carboniferous |
Devonian |
Silurian |
Ordovician |
Cambrian |
Ediacaran |
Cryogenian |
Tonian |
Stenian |
Ectasian |
Calymmian |
Statherian |
Orosirian |
Rhyacian |
Siderian |
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Holocene |
Pleistocene |
Pliocene |
Miocene |
Oligocene |
Eocene |
Paleocene |
Upper |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Lopingian |
Guadalupian |
Cisuralian |
Pennsylvanian-Upper |
Pennsylvanian-Middle |
Pennsylvanian-Lower |
Mississippian-Upper |
Mississippian-Middle |
Mississippian-Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Pridoli |
Ludlow |
Wenlock |
Llandovery |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Furongian |
Series 3 |
Series 2 |
Terreneuvian |
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Upper |
"lonia" |
Calabrian |
Gelasian |
Piacenzian |
Zanclean |
Messinian |
Tortonian |
Serravallian |
Langhian |
Burdigalian |
Chattian |
Aquitanian |
Rupelian |
Priabonian |
Bartonian |
Lutetian |
Ypresian |
Thanetian |
Selandian |
Danian |
Maastrichtian |
Campanian |
Santonian |
Coniacian |
Turonian |
Cenomanian |
Albian |
Aptian |
Barremian |
Hauterivian |
Valanginian |
Berriasian |
Tithonian |
Kimmeridgian |
Oxfordian |
Callovian |
Bathonian |
Bajocian |
Aalenian |
Toarcian |
Pliensbachian |
Sinemurian |
Hettangian |
Rhaetian |
Norian |
Carnian |
Ladinian |
Anisian |
Olenekian |
Induan |
Changhsingian |
Wuchiapingian |
Capitanian |
Wordian |
Roadian |
Kungurian |
Artinskian |
Sakmarian |
Asselian |
Gzhelian |
Kasimovian |
Moscovian |
Bashkirian |
Serpukhovian |
Visean |
Tournaisian |
Famennian |
Frasnian |
Givetian |
Eifelian |
Emsian |
Pragian |
Lochkovian |
Ludfordian |
Gorstian |
Homerian |
Sheinwoodian |
Telychian |
Aeronian |
Rhuddanian |
Hirnantian |
Katian |
Sandbian |
Darriwilian |
Dapingian |
Floian |
Tremadocian |
Stage 10 |
Stage 9 |
Paibian |
Guzhangian |
Drumian |
Stage 5 |
Stage 4 |
Stage 3 |
Stage 2 |
Fortunian |
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| 0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |
显生宇 |
元古宇 |
太古宇 |
冥古宇 (非正式) |
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新生界 |
中生界 |
古生界 |
新元古界 |
中元古界 |
古元古界 |
新太古界 |
中太古界 |
古太古界 |
始太古界 |
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第四系 |
新近系 |
古近系 |
白垩系 |
侏罗系 |
三叠系 |
三叠系 |
石炭系 |
泥盆系 |
志留系 |
奥陶系 |
寒武系 |
埃迪卡拉系 |
成冰系 |
拉伸系 |
狭带系 |
延展系 |
盖层系 |
固结系 |
造山系 |
层侵系 |
成铁系 |
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全新统 |
更新统 |
上新统 |
中新统 |
渐新统 |
始新统 |
古新统 |
上白垩统 |
下白垩统 |
上侏罗统 |
中侏罗统 |
下侏罗统 |
上三叠统 |
中三叠统 |
下三叠统 |
乐平统 |
瓜德鲁普统 |
乌拉尔统 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-上 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-中 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-下 |
密西西比亚系-上 |
密西西比亚系-中 |
密西西比亚系-下 |
上泥盆统 |
中泥盆统 |
下泥盆统 |
普里道利统 |
罗德洛统 |
文洛克统 |
兰多维列统 |
上奥陶统 |
中奥陶统 |
下奥陶统 |
芙蓉统 |
第三统 |
第二统 |
纽芬兰统 |
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上更新统 |
“伊奥尼雅阶” |
卡拉布里雅阶 |
格拉斯阶 |
皮亚琴察阶 |
赞克尔阶 |
梅辛阶 |
托尔通阶 |
塞拉瓦尔阶 |
兰哥阶 |
布尔迪加尔阶 |
阿启坦阶 |
夏特阶 |
鲁培尔阶 |
普利亚本阶 |
巴尔通阶 |
鲁帝特阶 |
伊普里斯阶 |
坦尼特阶 |
赛兰特阶 |
丹尼阶 |
马斯特里赫特阶 |
坎潘阶 |
三冬阶 |
康尼亚克阶 |
土伦阶 |
赛诺曼阶 |
阿尔布阶 |
阿普特阶 |
巴雷姆阶 |
欧特里夫阶 |
凡兰吟阶 |
贝利阿斯阶 |
提塘阶 |
基末利阶 |
牛津阶 |
卡洛夫阶 |
巴通阶 |
巴柔阶 |
阿林阶 |
土阿辛阶 |
普林斯巴阶 |
辛涅缪尔阶 |
赫塘阶 |
瑞替阶 |
诺利阶 |
卡尼阶 |
拉丁阶 |
安尼阶 |
奥伦尼克阶 |
印度阶 |
长兴阶 |
吴家坪阶 |
卡匹敦阶 |
沃德阶 |
罗德阶 |
空谷阶 |
亚丁斯克阶 |
萨克马尔阶 |
阿瑟尔阶 |
格舍尔阶 |
卡西莫夫阶 |
莫斯科阶 |
巴什基尔阶 |
谢尔普霍夫阶 |
维宪阶 |
杜内阶 |
法门阶 |
弗拉阶 |
吉维特阶 |
艾菲尔阶 |
埃姆斯阶 |
布拉格阶 |
洛霍考夫阶 |
卢德福特阶 |
高斯特阶 |
侯墨阶 |
申伍德阶 |
特列奇阶 |
埃隆阶 |
鲁丹阶 |
赫南特阶 |
凯迪阶 |
桑比阶 |
达瑞威尔阶 |
大坪阶 |
弗洛阶 |
特马豆克阶 |
第十阶 |
第九阶 |
排碧阶 |
古丈阶 |
鼓山阶 |
第五阶 |
第四阶 |
第三阶 |
第二阶 |
幸运阶 |
||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |
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