学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
中文名 | 泽漆 |
命名人 | L. |
中文科名 | 大戟科 |
拉丁属名 | Euphorbia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Euphorbiaceae |
中文属名 | 大戟属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
中文名 | 泽漆 |
中文科名 | 大戟科 |
拉丁属名 | Euphorbia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Euphorbiaceae |
中文属名 | 大戟属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
中文名 | 泽漆 |
中文科名 | 大戟科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | EUPHORBIACEAE |
学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
中文名 | 泽漆 |
中文科名 | 大戟科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | EUPHORBIACEAE |
学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
命名人 | L. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Euphorbia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Euphorbiaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
命名人 | L. |
发表年份 | 1753(年) |
拉丁属名 | Euphorbia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Euphorbiaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
中文名 | 泽漆 |
拉丁属名 | Euphorbia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Euphorbiaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
中文名 | 泽漆 |
中文科名 | 大戟科 |
拉丁属名 | Euphorbia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Euphorbiaceae |
中文属名 | 大戟属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
发表年份 | 1753(年) |
拉丁属名 | Euphorbia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Euphorbiaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Euphorbia helioscopia |
拉丁属名 | Euphorbia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Euphorbiaceae |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Euphorbia dominii | Synonym | The Plant List | Rohlena |
Euphorbia helioscopia subsp. dominii | Synonym | The Plant List | (Rohlena) K.Malý |
Euphorbia helioscopia subsp. helioscopia | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Euphorbia helioscopia subsp. helioscopioides | Synonym | The Plant List | (Loscos & J.Pardo) Nyman |
Euphorbia helioscopia f. major | Synonym | The Plant List | (Mutel) Oudejans |
Euphorbia helioscopioides | Synonym | The Plant List | Loscos & J.Pardo |
Euphorbion helioscopium | Synonym | The Plant List | (L.) St.-Lag. |
Galarhoeus helioscopius | Synonym | The Plant List | (L.) Haw. |
Galarhoeus helioscopius f. litoralis | Synonym | The Plant List | Hurus. |
Galarhoeus helioscopius f. pilosus | Synonym | The Plant List | Hurus. |
Tithymalus dominii | Synonym | The Plant List | (Rohlena) Chrtek & Krísa |
Tithymalus helioscopioides | Synonym | The Plant List | (Loscos & J.Pardo) Holub |
Tithymalus helioscopius | Synonym | The Plant List | (L.) Hill |
Tithymalus helioscopius subsp. dominii | Synonym | The Plant List | (Rohlena) Soják |
Tithymalus helioscopius subsp. helioscopioides | Synonym | The Plant List | (Loscos & J.Pardo) Soják |
Tithymalus serratus | Synonym | The Plant List | Gilib. |
Euphorbia helioscopia f. litoralis | Synonym | The Plant List | (Hurus.) Oudejans |
Euphorbia helioscopia var. major | Synonym | The Plant List | Mutel |
Tithymalus obovata | Synonym | The Plant List | Raf. |
一年生草本,茎高10-30(-50)厘米,单一或自基部向上多分枝。叶互生,叶片倒卵形或匙形,长1-3.5厘米,宽5-15毫米,先端具齿,中部以下渐狭或呈楔形;无柄。总苞叶和苞叶均5枚,同茎生叶;总伞幅5枚,长2-4厘米。花序单生,有柄或近无柄;总苞钟状,高约2.5毫米,直径约2毫米,边缘5裂,裂片半圆形,边缘和内侧具柔毛;腺体4,盘状,基部具短柄,淡褐色。雄花数朵,明显伸出总苞之外;雌花1枚,子房柄略伸出总苞边缘。蒴果三棱状阔圆形,具明显的3纵沟,长2.5-3.0毫米,直径3.0-4.5毫米;种子卵形,长约2毫米,直径约1.5毫米,暗褐色,具明显的脊网,种阜扁平状。花果期4-10月。
产昭通、彝良、会泽、昆明等地;生于山沟、路旁、荒野和山坡。我国绝大部分省区有分布。广布于欧亚大陆和北非。
Herbs, usually annual, erect or ascending, 10-30(-50) cm tall. Root fibrous, 7-10 cm × 3-5 mm, branched. Stems single or with ascending branches from near base, 3-5(-7) mm thick, sometimes slightly fistulose, smooth and glabrous. Leaves alternate; stipules absent; petiole absent or nearly so; leaf blade obovate to spoon-shaped, 1-3.5 × 0.5-1.5 cm, base cuneate, margin dentate, apex rounded. Inflorescence a compound pseudumbel, usually rather compact; primary involucral leaves 5, yellowish green, obovate-oblong, 3-4 × 0.8-1.4 cm, margin dentate, base attenuate, primary rays 5, to 2-4 cm, progressively shorter; cyathophylls 2, obovate, base rounded, margin dentate, apex rounded. Cyathium subsessile; involucre campanulate, ca. 2.5 × 2 mm, smooth and glabrous, lobes rounded, pilose at margin and inside; glands 4, pale brown, disklike, shortly stalked, shallowly concave. Male flowers many, exserted from involucre. Female flower: ovary slightly reaching margin of cup. Capsule trigonous-terete, 2.5-3 × 3-4.5 mm, with 3 vertical furrows, conspicuous, smooth, glabrous. Seeds ovoid, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, dark brown, reticulately wrinkled; caruncle compressed, sessile. Fl. and fr. Apr-Oct. 2n = 42*.
Fields, roadsides, scrub, margins of mixed forests. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [widely spread in N Africa, Asia, and Europe; introduced to North America].
This species is used medicinally.
Euphorbia helioscopia is a widespread and variable species and several subspecies have been proposed. Chinese material all belongs to subsp. helioscopia.
32.泽漆(本草纲目)五朵云,五灯草,五风草(别名)
Euphorbia helioscopia Linn. Sp. Pl. 459. 1753; Boiss. in DC. Prodr. 15 (2): 136. 1862; French. Pl. David. 1: 263. 1884; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 262. 1887; Forb & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 413. 1894; Levl. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2, 6: 672. 1906; Nakai, Fl. Kor. 21 184. 1911; Dum & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform., add. ser. 10: 232. 1912; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7 (2): 232. 1931; T. N. Liou in Contrib. Lab. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 1 (1): 4. 1931; Prokh. in Kom. Fl. URSS 14: 383. 1949; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 840. 1978;中国高等植物图鉴2: 625.图 2980. 1977; 东北草本植物志6: 38.图14: 5-7. 1977; 湖北植物志2: 391.图1302. 1979;秦岭植物志1 (3): 161.图136.1981; 云南种子植物名录1: 439.1984; A. Radclliffe-Smith in Nasir&Ali, Fl. Pakist. 172: 142. fig. 29: A-D. 1986; 宁夏植物志1: 427.图415. 1986; 河南植物志2: 487图1402. 1986; 江苏植物志2: 415.图1412. 1987; 福建植物志3: 226. 1987; 中国沙漠植物志2: 335.图版119: 1-4. 1987; J. S. Ma & C. Y. Wu in Collect. Bot. 21: 107. 1992; 横断山维管植物1: 1064, 1993.
一年生草本。根纤细,长7-10厘米,直径3-5毫米,下部分枝。茎直立,单一或自基部多分枝,分枝斜展向上,高10-30 (50)厘米,直径3-5 (7)毫米,光滑无毛。叶互生,倒卵形或匙形,长1-3.5厘米,宽5-15毫米,先端具牙齿,中部以下渐狭或呈楔形;总苞叶5枚,倒卵状长圆形,长3-4厘米,宽8-14毫米,先端具牙齿,基部略渐狭,无柄;总伞幅5枚,长2-4厘米;苞叶2枚,卵圆形,先端具牙齿,基部呈圆形。花序单生,有柄或近无柄;总苞钟状,高约2.5毫米,直径约2毫米,光滑无毛,边缘5裂,裂片半圆形,边缘和内侧具柔毛;腺体4,盘状,中部内凹,基部具短柄,淡褐色。雄花数枚,明显伸出总苞外;雌花1枚,子房柄略伸出总苞边缘。蒴果三棱状阔圆形,光滑,无毛;具明显的三纵沟,长2.5-3.0 毫米,直径3-4.5毫米;成熟时分裂为3个分果爿。种子卵状,长约2毫米,直径约1.5毫米,暗褐色,具明显的脊网;种阜扁平状,无柄。花果期4-10月。
广布于全国(除黑龙江、吉林、内蒙古、广东、海南、台湾、新疆、西藏外)。生于山沟、路旁、荒野和山坡,较常见。分布于欧亚大陆和北非。模式标本采自欧洲。
全草入药,有清热、祛痰、利尿消肿及杀虫之效;种子含油量达30%,可供工业用。
Euphorbia helioscopia | |||
Family Name: | Euphorbiaceae | Genera name: | Euphorbia |
Species name: | helioscopia | Genera status: | |
NLR: | Comments: | ||
|
Sample Name: | Saugbaggerflora | Formation: | |
Age: | Epoch (to): | Pliocene~Miocene | |
Stage: | ~ | Contributer: | |
Ecology: | Climate: | ||
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locality name: | Saugbaggerflora | Province/State: | Elsass |
Continents: | county: | ||
country: | France | longitude-decimal degrees: | 7.983333 |
latitude-decimal degrees: | 48.8 | elevation [m]: | |
Notes: | Graviere du Rhin de Sessenheim |
Phanerozoic |
Proterozoic |
Archean |
Hadean (informal) |
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Cenozoic |
Mesozoic |
Paleozoic |
Neoproterozoic |
Mesoproterozoic |
Paleoproterozoic |
Neoarchean |
Mesoarchean |
Paleoarchean |
Eoarchean |
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Quaternary |
Neogene |
Paleogene |
Cretaceous |
Jurassic |
Triassic |
Permian |
Carboniferous |
Devonian |
Silurian |
Ordovician |
Cambrian |
Ediacaran |
Cryogenian |
Tonian |
Stenian |
Ectasian |
Calymmian |
Statherian |
Orosirian |
Rhyacian |
Siderian |
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Holocene |
Pleistocene |
Pliocene |
Miocene |
Oligocene |
Eocene |
Paleocene |
Upper |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Lopingian |
Guadalupian |
Cisuralian |
Pennsylvanian-Upper |
Pennsylvanian-Middle |
Pennsylvanian-Lower |
Mississippian-Upper |
Mississippian-Middle |
Mississippian-Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Pridoli |
Ludlow |
Wenlock |
Llandovery |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Furongian |
Series 3 |
Series 2 |
Terreneuvian |
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Upper |
"lonia" |
Calabrian |
Gelasian |
Piacenzian |
Zanclean |
Messinian |
Tortonian |
Serravallian |
Langhian |
Burdigalian |
Chattian |
Aquitanian |
Rupelian |
Priabonian |
Bartonian |
Lutetian |
Ypresian |
Thanetian |
Selandian |
Danian |
Maastrichtian |
Campanian |
Santonian |
Coniacian |
Turonian |
Cenomanian |
Albian |
Aptian |
Barremian |
Hauterivian |
Valanginian |
Berriasian |
Tithonian |
Kimmeridgian |
Oxfordian |
Callovian |
Bathonian |
Bajocian |
Aalenian |
Toarcian |
Pliensbachian |
Sinemurian |
Hettangian |
Rhaetian |
Norian |
Carnian |
Ladinian |
Anisian |
Olenekian |
Induan |
Changhsingian |
Wuchiapingian |
Capitanian |
Wordian |
Roadian |
Kungurian |
Artinskian |
Sakmarian |
Asselian |
Gzhelian |
Kasimovian |
Moscovian |
Bashkirian |
Serpukhovian |
Visean |
Tournaisian |
Famennian |
Frasnian |
Givetian |
Eifelian |
Emsian |
Pragian |
Lochkovian |
Ludfordian |
Gorstian |
Homerian |
Sheinwoodian |
Telychian |
Aeronian |
Rhuddanian |
Hirnantian |
Katian |
Sandbian |
Darriwilian |
Dapingian |
Floian |
Tremadocian |
Stage 10 |
Stage 9 |
Paibian |
Guzhangian |
Drumian |
Stage 5 |
Stage 4 |
Stage 3 |
Stage 2 |
Fortunian |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |
显生宇 |
元古宇 |
太古宇 |
冥古宇 (非正式) |
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新生界 |
中生界 |
古生界 |
新元古界 |
中元古界 |
古元古界 |
新太古界 |
中太古界 |
古太古界 |
始太古界 |
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第四系 |
新近系 |
古近系 |
白垩系 |
侏罗系 |
三叠系 |
三叠系 |
石炭系 |
泥盆系 |
志留系 |
奥陶系 |
寒武系 |
埃迪卡拉系 |
成冰系 |
拉伸系 |
狭带系 |
延展系 |
盖层系 |
固结系 |
造山系 |
层侵系 |
成铁系 |
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全新统 |
更新统 |
上新统 |
中新统 |
渐新统 |
始新统 |
古新统 |
上白垩统 |
下白垩统 |
上侏罗统 |
中侏罗统 |
下侏罗统 |
上三叠统 |
中三叠统 |
下三叠统 |
乐平统 |
瓜德鲁普统 |
乌拉尔统 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-上 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-中 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-下 |
密西西比亚系-上 |
密西西比亚系-中 |
密西西比亚系-下 |
上泥盆统 |
中泥盆统 |
下泥盆统 |
普里道利统 |
罗德洛统 |
文洛克统 |
兰多维列统 |
上奥陶统 |
中奥陶统 |
下奥陶统 |
芙蓉统 |
第三统 |
第二统 |
纽芬兰统 |
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上更新统 |
“伊奥尼雅阶” |
卡拉布里雅阶 |
格拉斯阶 |
皮亚琴察阶 |
赞克尔阶 |
梅辛阶 |
托尔通阶 |
塞拉瓦尔阶 |
兰哥阶 |
布尔迪加尔阶 |
阿启坦阶 |
夏特阶 |
鲁培尔阶 |
普利亚本阶 |
巴尔通阶 |
鲁帝特阶 |
伊普里斯阶 |
坦尼特阶 |
赛兰特阶 |
丹尼阶 |
马斯特里赫特阶 |
坎潘阶 |
三冬阶 |
康尼亚克阶 |
土伦阶 |
赛诺曼阶 |
阿尔布阶 |
阿普特阶 |
巴雷姆阶 |
欧特里夫阶 |
凡兰吟阶 |
贝利阿斯阶 |
提塘阶 |
基末利阶 |
牛津阶 |
卡洛夫阶 |
巴通阶 |
巴柔阶 |
阿林阶 |
土阿辛阶 |
普林斯巴阶 |
辛涅缪尔阶 |
赫塘阶 |
瑞替阶 |
诺利阶 |
卡尼阶 |
拉丁阶 |
安尼阶 |
奥伦尼克阶 |
印度阶 |
长兴阶 |
吴家坪阶 |
卡匹敦阶 |
沃德阶 |
罗德阶 |
空谷阶 |
亚丁斯克阶 |
萨克马尔阶 |
阿瑟尔阶 |
格舍尔阶 |
卡西莫夫阶 |
莫斯科阶 |
巴什基尔阶 |
谢尔普霍夫阶 |
维宪阶 |
杜内阶 |
法门阶 |
弗拉阶 |
吉维特阶 |
艾菲尔阶 |
埃姆斯阶 |
布拉格阶 |
洛霍考夫阶 |
卢德福特阶 |
高斯特阶 |
侯墨阶 |
申伍德阶 |
特列奇阶 |
埃隆阶 |
鲁丹阶 |
赫南特阶 |
凯迪阶 |
桑比阶 |
达瑞威尔阶 |
大坪阶 |
弗洛阶 |
特马豆克阶 |
第十阶 |
第九阶 |
排碧阶 |
古丈阶 |
鼓山阶 |
第五阶 |
第四阶 |
第三阶 |
第二阶 |
幸运阶 |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |