| 学名(拉丁名) | Euonymus alatus |
| 中文名 | 卫矛 |
| 命名人 | (Thunb.) Sieb. |
| 中文科名 | 卫矛科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Euonymus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Celastraceae |
| 中文属名 | 卫矛属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Euonymus alatus |
| 中文名 | 卫矛 |
| 中文科名 | 卫矛科 |
| 类型 | |
| 拉丁科名 | CELASTRACEAE |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Euonymus alatus |
| 中文名 | 卫矛 |
| 中文科名 | 卫矛科 |
| 类型 | |
| 拉丁科名 | CELASTRACEAE |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Euonymus alatus |
| 命名人 | (Thunb.) Siebold (accepted name) |
| 拉丁属名 | Euonymus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Celastraceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Euonymus alatus |
| 命名人 | (Thunb.) Siebold |
| 发表年份 | 1830(年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Euonymus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Celastraceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Euonymus alatus |
| 中文名 | 卫矛 |
| 拉丁属名 | Euonymus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Celastraceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Euonymus alatus |
| 中文名 | 卫矛 |
| 中文科名 | 卫矛科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Euonymus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Celastraceae |
| 中文属名 | 卫矛属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Euonymus alatus |
| 发表年份 | 1830(年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Euonymus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Celastraceae |
APG IV系统 |
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| 学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Celastrus alatus | Synonym | The Plant List | Thunb. |
| Euonymus alatus var. alatus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Euonymus alatus var. apterus | Synonym | The Plant List | Regel |
| Euonymus alatus f. apterus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Regel) Regel |
| Euonymus alatus var. arakianus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Koidz.) H.Hara |
| Euonymus alatus var. ciliatodentatus | Synonym | The Plant List | Franch. & Sav. |
| Euonymus alatus f. ciliatodentatus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Franch. & Sav.) Hiyama |
| Euonymus alatus f. compactus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Adams) Rehder |
| Euonymus alatus var. cornucarpus | Synonym | The Plant List | Koidz. |
| Euonymus alatus var. ellipticus | Synonym | The Plant List | Chen H.Wang |
| Euonymus alatus var. hirtus | Synonym | The Plant List | Koidz. |
| Euonymus alatus f. microphyllus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Nakai) H.Hara |
| Euonymus alatus var. microphyllus | Synonym | The Plant List | Chen H. Wang |
| Euonymus alatus var. nakamurae | Synonym | The Plant List | (Makino) F.Maek. ex H.Hara |
| Euonymus alatus var. pilosus | Synonym | The Plant List | Loes. & Rehder |
| Euonymus alatus f. pilosus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Loes. & Rehder) Ohwi |
| Euonymus alatus var. pubescens | Synonym | The Plant List | Maxim. |
| Euonymus alatus var. rotundatus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Makino) H.Hara |
| Euonymus alatus f. striatus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb.) Kitag. |
| Euonymus alatus var. striatus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb.) Makino |
| Euonymus alatus var. uncinatus | Synonym | The Plant List | Nakai |
| Euonymus alatus f. variegatus | Synonym | The Plant List | Nakai |
| Euonymus arakianus | Synonym | The Plant List | Koidz. |
| Euonymus ellipticus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Chen H.Wang) C.Y.Cheng |
| Euonymus kawachianus | Synonym | The Plant List | Nakai |
| Euonymus loeseneri | Synonym | The Plant List | Makino |
| Euonymus nakamurae | Synonym | The Plant List | Makino |
| Euonymus rotundatus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Makino) Nakai |
| Euonymus sacrosanctus | Synonym | The Plant List | Koidz. |
| Euonymus striatus | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb.) Loes. ex Gilg & Loes. |
| Euonymus striatus var. rotundatus | Synonym | The Plant List | Makino |
| Euonymus subtriflorus | Synonym | The Plant List | Blume |
| Euonymus verrucosus var. tchefouensis | Synonym | The Plant List | Debeaux |
| Melanocarya alata | Unresolved | The Plant List | Turcz. |
| Euonymus alatus var. macrophyllus | Synonym | The Plant List | Nakai |
| Euonymus thunbergianus | Synonym | The Plant List | Blume |
| 学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Euonymus alatus | 异名 | The Plant List | Elmer | Euonymus indicus |
| Euonymus alatus | 接受名 | The Plant List | ||
| Euonymus alatus | 接受名 | 云南生物物种名录（2016版） | ||
| Euonymus alatus | 接受名 | 中国植物志 | ||
| Euonymus alatus | 接受名 | Flora of China | ||
| Euonymus alatus | 接受名 | Species 2000 |
Celastrus alatus Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 237. 1784; C. striatus Thunberg; Euonymus alatus var. ellipticus Chen H. Wang; E. alatus var. microphyllus Chen H. Wang; E. alatus var. pilosus Loesener & Rehder; E. alatus var. pubescens Maximowicz; E. ellipticus (Chen H. Wang) C. Y. Cheng; E. striatus (Thunberg) Loesener; E. verrucosus Scopoli var. tchefouensis Debeaux.
Deciduous shrubs, 1-4 m tall; young branches usually with 2 or 4 winglike corks, wings up to 5 mm wide, 1-2 mm thick, twigs 4-angled, green or brown when dry. Petiole sessile or very short, 2-4 mm; leaf blade thinly leathery to papery, obovate or obovate-elliptic, sometimes ovate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 4.5-10 × 2-4 cm, base cuneate or attenuate, margin crenulate to serrulate, apex acute, acuminate, or even caudate; lateral veins 5-7 pairs, curving forward and disappearing before reaching margin. Peduncle slender and short, 1-2 cm, typically 1 dichotomous branch with 3 flowers, rarely 2 branches with more flowers; pedicel slender, 5-7 mm. Flowers 4-merous, ca. 9 mm in diam.; sepals suborbicular; petals green, light yellow, or greenish yellow, ovate, base attenuate. Capsule reddish brown when fresh, dark brown or gray when dry, 4-lobed, 1-1.3 cm in diam., only 1-3 lobes developing, lobes ovoid. Aril bright red. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Jul-Nov.
Forests, woodlands, scrub; near sea level to 2700 m. Anhui, Gansu, Guangdong, ?Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, ?Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia (Sakhalin); cultivated in Europe and North America].
This species is widespread, not only as a common shrub in the distribution area but also as a cultivated ornamental in the Old and New Worlds. The leaves change from pinkish to reddish and even purple in late autumn. The distribution reports from Guangxi and Yunnan have not been confirmed.
81．卫矛（本草经）鬼箭羽
Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb. in Verh. Batav. Genoot. Kunst. Wetensch. 12: 49. 1830; et Pl. Oecon. Jap. 49. 1830; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 307. 1939; Blakel. in Kew Bull. 1951: 239. 1951; 崔友文, 华北经济植物志274. 1953;陈封怀等, 植物分类学报3 (2): 235. 1954;中国高等植物图鉴2: 677.图3083. 1972; 湖北植物志426.图1356. 1979. ——Celastrus alatus Thunb., Fl. Jap. 100. 1786. ——Euonymus thunbergianus Blume, Bijdr. 1147. 1826.——E. alatus Rupr in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 15: 135. 1856. in obs.——E. alatus var. apterus Regel, Tent. Fl. Ussur. 40. 1861; 陈嵘, 中国树木学分类学, 修订版, 663. 1953; 江苏南部种子植物手册, 453.图737. 1959.
81a. 卫矛（原变种）图版11：5-7
Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb. var. alatus
灌木，高1-3米；小枝常具2-4列宽阔木栓翅；冬芽圆形，长2毫米左右，芽鳞边缘具不整齐细坚齿。叶卵状椭圆形、窄长椭圆形，偶为倒卵形，长2-8厘米，宽1-3厘米，边缘具细锯齿，两面光滑无毛；叶柄长1-3毫米。聚伞花序1-3花；花序梗长约1厘米，小花梗长5毫米；花白绿色，直径约8毫米，4数；萼片半圆形；花瓣近圆形；雄蕊着生花盘边缘处，花丝极短，开花后稍增长，花药宽阔长方形，2室顶裂。蒴果1-4深裂，裂瓣椭圆状，长7-8毫米；种子椭圆状或阔椭圆状，长5-6毫米，种皮褐色或浅棕色，假种皮橙红色，全包种子。花期5-6月，果期7-10月。
除东北、新疆、青海、酉藏、广东及海南以外，全国名省区均产。生长于山坡、沟地边沿。分布达日本、朝鲜。模式标本采自日本。
带栓翅的枝条入中药，叫鬼箭羽。
81b.毛脉卫矛（变种）图版11：8
Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb. var. pubescens Maxim. in Bull. Acta Sci. St Petersb. 27: 454 (in Mel. Biol. 11: 197) 1881; Blakel. in Kew Bull. 1951: 239. 1951;刘慎谔, 东北木本植物图志374.图版2,图28. 1955;中国高等植物图鉴2: 677. 1972. ——E. alata. var. pilosa Loes. et Rehd. in Sarg. Pl. Wilson. 1: 494. 1913.——E. sacrosanctus Koidz. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39: 12. 1925; 黑龙江树木志392. 1986. ——E. alatus auct. non Sieb.长白山药用植物志706.图318. 1982.
与原变种主要区别在于：本变种叶片多为倒卵椭圆形，叶背脉上被短毛。
产于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、河北及内蒙古。生长于山坡、林缘较干燥地带。模式标本采自黑龙江。
标本份数
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