学名(拉丁名) | Cryptomeria japonica |
中文名 | 日本柳杉 |
命名人 | (L. f.) D. Don |
中文科名 | 杉科 |
拉丁属名 | Cryptomeria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Taxodiaceae |
中文属名 | 柳杉属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Cryptomeria japonica |
命名人 | (Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Cryptomeria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Cupressaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Cryptomeria japonica |
命名人 | (Thunb. ex L.f.) D.Don |
发表年份 | 1841(年) |
拉丁属名 | Cryptomeria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Cupressaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Cryptomeria japonica |
中文名 | 日本柳杉 |
拉丁属名 | Cryptomeria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Taxodiaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Cryptomeria japonica |
中文名 | 日本柳杉 |
中文科名 | 杉科 |
拉丁属名 | Cryptomeria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Taxodiaceae |
中文属名 | 柳杉属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Cryptomeria japonica |
发表年份 | 1839(年) |
拉丁属名 | Cryptomeria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Cupressaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Cryptomeria japonica |
拉丁属名 | Cryptomeria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Taxodiaceae |
中国植物志 |
|
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Cryptomeria compacta | Synonym | The Plant List | Beissn. |
Cryptomeria fortunei | Synonym | The Plant List | Hooibr. ex Billain |
Cryptomeria japonica f. araucarioides | Synonym | The Plant List | (Henkel & W.Hochst.) Beissn. |
Cryptomeria japonica var. compacta | Synonym | The Plant List | (Beissn.) C.K.Schneid. |
Cryptomeria japonica f. compacta | Synonym | The Plant List | Beissn. |
Cryptomeria japonica f. dacrydioides | Synonym | The Plant List | (Carrière) Rehder |
Cryptomeria japonica f. elegans | Synonym | The Plant List | (Jacob-Makoy) Beissn. |
Cryptomeria japonica var. japonica | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Cryptomeria japonica f. lobbii | Synonym | The Plant List | (Carrière) Beissn. |
Cryptomeria japonica var. lobbii | Synonym | The Plant List | Lavallée |
Cryptomeria japonica f. nana | Synonym | The Plant List | (Carrière) Beissn. |
Cryptomeria japonica var. pendula | Synonym | The Plant List | Leroy ex Dallim. & A.B.Jacks. |
Cryptomeria japonica f. pungens | Synonym | The Plant List | (Carrière) Beissn. |
Cryptomeria japonica var. radicans | Synonym | The Plant List | Nakai |
Cryptomeria araucarioides | Synonym | The Plant List | Henkel & W.Hochst. |
Cryptomeria japonica subsp. sinensis | Synonym | The Plant List | (Miq.) P.D.Sell |
Cryptomeria elegans | Synonym | The Plant List | Jacob-Makoy |
Cryptomeria japonica var. spiralis | Synonym | The Plant List | Miq, |
Cryptomeria generalis | Synonym | The Plant List | E.H.L.Krause |
Cryptomeria kawaii | Synonym | The Plant List | Hayata |
Cryptomeria japonica var. caespitosa | Synonym | The Plant List | Makino |
Cryptomeria lobbii | Synonym | The Plant List | (Carrière) Lavallée |
Cryptomeria japonica var. dacrydioides | Synonym | The Plant List | Carrière |
Cryptomeria mucronata | Synonym | The Plant List | Beissn. |
Cryptomeria nigricans | Synonym | The Plant List | Carrière |
Cryptomeria japonica var. fortunei | Synonym | The Plant List | (Hooibr. ex Billain) A.Henry |
Cryptomeria variegata | Synonym | The Plant List | Beissn. |
Cryptomeria viridis | Synonym | The Plant List | Beissn. |
Cupressus japonica | Synonym | The Plant List | Thunb. ex L.f. |
Cryptomeria japonica var. nana | Synonym | The Plant List | Carrière |
Cupressus mairei | Synonym | The Plant List | H.Lév. |
Cryptomeria japonica var. pungens | Synonym | The Plant List | Carrière |
Schubertia japonica | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb. ex L.f.) Jacques |
Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis | Synonym | The Plant List | Miq. |
Schubertia japonicum | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb. ex L. f.) Brongn. |
Cryptomeria japonica subsp. sinenssis | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb. ex L. f.) Sell |
Taxodium japonicum | Synonym | The Plant List | (Thunb. ex L.f.) Brongn. |
Cryptomeria japonica f. spiralis | Synonym | The Plant List | (Miq,) Rehder |
Cryptomeria lobbiana | Synonym | The Plant List | Billain |
Cryptomeria mairei | Synonym | The Plant List | (H.Lév.) Nakai |
Cryptomeria nana | Synonym | The Plant List | Lindl. & Gordon |
Cryptomeria pungens | Synonym | The Plant List | Beissn. |
1 | Leaves ± straight at least in proximal 1/2, often recurved apically on leader branchlets, arising at 35-45° to axis on leader branchlets, 45-55° on fertile branchlets, rigid and hard; most pollen cones longer than their subtending leaf; cone scales 20-30, each bearing 2-5 seeds; distal projections of bracts and cone scales 2-3.5 mm (1) | a var. japonica |
1 + | Leaves usually strongly incurved throughout, arising at 15-30° to axis on leader branchlets, 30-40° on fertile branchlets, rigid but relatively soft; most pollen cones shorter than their subtending leaf; cone scales ca. 20, each bearing 2 seeds; distal projections of bracts and cone scales 1-2 mm (1) | b var. sinensis |
Trees to 40 m tall; trunk to at least 2 m d.b.h.; bark reddish brown, fibrous, peeling off in strips; crown pyramidal; main branches whorled, horizontally spreading or slightly pendulous; branchlets usually pendulous, those of 1st year green. Leaves on leader branchlets borne at 15-45° to axis, those on short (fertile) branchlets at 30-55° to axis, subulate to linear, ± straight or strongly incurved, (0.4-)0.7-1.4(-2) cm × 0.8-1.2 mm (width measured near base of two wider surfaces), rigid, stomatal bands with 2-8 rows of stomata on each surface. Cones borne from 5th year onward. Pollen cones borne in racemes of 6-35, ovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid, (2-)2.5-5(-8) × (1.3-)2-3(-4) mm, each cone (except basal and apical) subtended by a leaf shorter than to 1.5 × length of cone. Seed cones borne in groups of 1-6, globose or subglobose, 0.9-1.6(-2.5) × 1-2(-2.5) cm; cone scales 20-30, proximal 2 margins often convex in outline, or all 4 margins ± concave in outline, middle part with or without distinct shoulders at widest point, apex usually recurved, umbo rhombic, distally with 4 or 5(-7) toothlike projections 1-3.5 mm. Seeds 2-5 per cone scale, brown or dark brown, irregularly ellipsoid or multiangular and ± compressed, 4-6.5 × 2-3.5 mm; wings 0.2-0.25 mm wide. Pollination Feb-Apr, seed maturity Oct. 2n = 22.
Forests on deep, well-drained soils subject to warm, moist conditions, also cultivated as an ornamental and planted for timber; below 1100 m to 2500 m. Native in Fujian, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; introduced in Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan]
Fast-growing on deep, well-drained soils in montane areas with a warm, moist climate, but intolerant of poor soils and cold, drier climates. The wood is strongly rot resistant, easily worked, and is used for buildings, bridges, ships, lamp posts, furniture, utensils, and paper manufacture. The species is also cultivated as an ornamental tree.
2. 日本柳杉(通用名) 孔雀松(中国裸子植物志) 图版68: 6-10
Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don in Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 18: 167. t. 13. f. 1. 1841; Hook. Icon. Pl. 7: t. 668. 1844; Parl. in DC. Prodr. 16(2): 438. 1868, excl. plant. Chekiang.; Deb. in. Acta Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 30: 109. 1875; Kent, Vitch's Man. Conif. ed 2. 263. 1900; Beissn. Handb. Nadelh. ed. 2. 475. f. 115-116. 1909, Beissn. u. Fitsch. ibidem ed. 3. 457. f. 123. 1930; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. 181. f. 35. 1923, ed. 3. 252. f. 42. 1948, excl. syn. C. fortunei Hooibrenk, rev. Harrison, Handb. Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 183. f. 37. 1966, excl. parte syn.; Rehd. Man. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 26. 1927, excl. syn. C. fortunei Hooibrenk et C. kawaii Hayata, ed. 2. 50. 1940, et Bibliogr. 43. 1949; Bailey, Cult. Conif. 142. f. 65. 1933; 郑万钧等, 中国树木学 1: 221. 图99. 1961; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 116. 1965; 中国科学院植物研究所, 中国高等植物图鉴 1: 315. 1972. ——Cupressus japonica Linn. f. Suppl. 421. 1781; Thunb. Fl. Jap. 295. 1784. ——Taxodium japonicum (Linn. f.) Brongn. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 1. 30: 176. 1833.
乔木,在原产地高达40米,胸径可达2米以上;树皮红褐色,纤维状,裂成条片状落脱;大枝常轮状着生,水平开展或微下垂,树冠尖塔形;小枝下垂,当年生枝绿色。叶钻形,直伸,先端通常不内曲,锐尖或尖,长0.4-2厘米,基部背腹宽约2毫米,四面有气孔线。雄球花长椭圆形或圆柱形,长约7毫米,径2.5毫米,雄蕊有4-5花药,药隔三角状;雌球花圆球形。球果近球形,稀微扁,径1.5-2.5厘米,稀达3.5厘米;种鳞20-30枚,上部通常4-5(-7)深裂,裂齿较长,窄三角形,长6-7毫米,鳞背有一个三角状分离的苞鳞尖头,先端通常向外反曲,能育种鳞有2-5粒种子;种子棕褐色,椭圆形或不规则多角形,长5-6毫米,径2-3毫米,边缘有窄翅。花期4月,球果10月成熟。
原产日本,为日本的重要造林树种。我国山东青岛、蒙山,上海,江苏南京、江浦,浙江杭州,江西庐山,湖南衡山,湖北武昌、武汉等地引种栽培,作庭园观赏树。
心材淡红色,边材近白色,易施工。供建筑、桥梁、造船、家具等用材。
日本柳杉在我国江苏、浙江、江西等省有下列栽培变种,均作庭园树种。
扁叶柳杉(栽培变种)(新拟)
Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don cv. 'Elegans', Dallimore and Jackson, rev. Harrison. Handb. Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 185. 1966. ——Cryptomeria elegans Jakob-Makoy in Belg. Hort. 14: 356. 1864. ——Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don var. elegans Mast. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 18: 497. 1881; Kent, Veitch's Man. Conif. ed. 2. 264. 1900; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. 183. f. 42. 1923, ed. 3. 255. f. 42. 1948; Rehd. Man. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 26. 1927, ed. 2. 50. 1940. ——Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don f. elegans (Jakob-Makoy) Beissn. Syst. Einthei. Conif. 20. 1887; Rehd. Bigliogr. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 43. 1949.
灌木状,分枝密,主枝短,侧枝多。叶扁平,柔软,向外开展或微向下,长1-2.5厘米,绿色,有光泽,秋后变成红褐色。
短叶柳杉(栽培变种)(新拟) 短叶孔雀松(中国裸子植物志)
cv. 'Araucarioides', Dallimore and Jackson, rev. Harrison, Handb. Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 184. 1966. ——Cryptomeria araucarioides Henk. et Hochst. Syn. Nadelh. 269. 1865. ——Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don var. araucarioides Sieb. in Sieb. et Zucc. Fl. Jap. 2: 52. 1870; Kent, Veitch's Man. Conif. ed. 2. 264. 1900; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. ed. 3. 253. 1948; 郝景盛, 中国裸子植物志, 再版 82. 1951. ——Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don f. araucarioides (Henk. et Hochst.) Beissn. Syst. Eintheil. Conif. 20. 1887; Rehd. Bibliogr. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 43. 1949.
叶短小较硬,长不及1-1.5厘米,通常长短不等,长叶和短叶在小枝上交替排列(即由短叶至长叶,再由长叶递减为短叶);小枝细长,下垂。
鳞叶柳杉(栽培变种)(新拟)
cv. 'Dacrydioides', Dallimore and Jackson, rev. Harrison, Handb. Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 185. 1966. ——Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don var. dacrydioides Carr. Traite Conif. ed. 2. 193. 1867; Koidz. In Bot. Mag. Tokyo 44: 97. 1930; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. ed. 3. 253. 1948. ——Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don f. dacrydioides (Carr.) Rehd. Bibligr. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 43. 1949.
小枝细而密;叶小,较扁平,鳞形或钻状鳞形,长5-8毫米,排列紧密。
千头柳杉(栽培变种)(新拟)
cv. 'Vilmoriniana', Dallimore and Jackson, rev. Harrison, Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 188. 1966. ——Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don var. vilmoriniana Hornibr. Gard. Jan. 14 th. 1924; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. ed. 3. 256. 1948.
矮灌木,高40-60厘米,树冠圆球形或卵圆形;小枝密集,短而直伸。叶甚小,针状,长3-5毫米,排列紧密,深绿色。
圆球柳杉(栽培变种)(新拟) 圆头柳杉(庐山植物园栽培植物手册)
cv. 'Compactoglobosa' ——Cryptomeria japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don f. compactoglobosa Chen, 庐山植物园栽培植物手册 282. 1958.
树干短缩,枝开展或平展,侧枝短密生,成紧密的圆丛,高1-2米。叶短小,钻形,长4-10毫米,坚硬。
此栽培变种由我国庐山植物园选育而成,无性繁殖能保持原来的性状。可作庭园树种。
圆头柳杉(栽培变种)(新拟)
cv. 'Yuantouliusha'
乔木,高达9米;主干高3-5米,上部分成多干,直伸或斜展,侧枝多,形成圆球形树冠。
此栽培变种由我国庐山植物园选育而成,其主要形态特征为主干长到一定高度(3-5米)即分成多干,上部无明显的主干,侧枝发达,密生,形成圆球形树冠。无性繁殖能保持原来的性状。
圆头柳杉近鸡冠柳杉 C. japonica (Linn. f.) D. Don cv. 'Cristata'(产日本),唯后者小枝扁平,形成鸡冠状树冠。
Cryptomeria japonica | |||
Family Name: | Taxodiaceae | Genera name: | Cryptomeria |
Species name: | japonica | Genera status: | |
NLR: | Comments: | ||
Sample Name: | Osaka Group Plio. | Formation: | |
Age: | Epoch (to): | Pliocene~ | |
Stage: | ~ | Contributer: | |
Ecology: | Climate: | ||
|
locality name: | Harima | Province/State: | Kyoto |
Continents: | Asia | county: | Osaka |
country: | Japan | longitude-decimal degrees: | 135.5 |
latitude-decimal degrees: | 34.73 | elevation [m]: | 20 |
Notes: |
Osaka-Momohara, 1992 | |||
title: | Late Pliocene Plant Biostratigraphy of the Lowermost Part of the Osaka Group, Southwest Japan, with Reference to Extinction of Plants | ||
Year: | 1992 | Type: | journal |
Volume: | 31 | Issue: | 2 |
Pages: | 77-89 | Publisher: | |
Location of publisher: | General: | ||
Authors: | Arata Momohara |
Phanerozoic |
Proterozoic |
Archean |
Hadean (informal) |
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Cenozoic |
Mesozoic |
Paleozoic |
Neoproterozoic |
Mesoproterozoic |
Paleoproterozoic |
Neoarchean |
Mesoarchean |
Paleoarchean |
Eoarchean |
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Quaternary |
Neogene |
Paleogene |
Cretaceous |
Jurassic |
Triassic |
Permian |
Carboniferous |
Devonian |
Silurian |
Ordovician |
Cambrian |
Ediacaran |
Cryogenian |
Tonian |
Stenian |
Ectasian |
Calymmian |
Statherian |
Orosirian |
Rhyacian |
Siderian |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Holocene |
Pleistocene |
Pliocene |
Miocene |
Oligocene |
Eocene |
Paleocene |
Upper |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Lopingian |
Guadalupian |
Cisuralian |
Pennsylvanian-Upper |
Pennsylvanian-Middle |
Pennsylvanian-Lower |
Mississippian-Upper |
Mississippian-Middle |
Mississippian-Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Pridoli |
Ludlow |
Wenlock |
Llandovery |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Furongian |
Series 3 |
Series 2 |
Terreneuvian |
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Upper |
"lonia" |
Calabrian |
Gelasian |
Piacenzian |
Zanclean |
Messinian |
Tortonian |
Serravallian |
Langhian |
Burdigalian |
Chattian |
Aquitanian |
Rupelian |
Priabonian |
Bartonian |
Lutetian |
Ypresian |
Thanetian |
Selandian |
Danian |
Maastrichtian |
Campanian |
Santonian |
Coniacian |
Turonian |
Cenomanian |
Albian |
Aptian |
Barremian |
Hauterivian |
Valanginian |
Berriasian |
Tithonian |
Kimmeridgian |
Oxfordian |
Callovian |
Bathonian |
Bajocian |
Aalenian |
Toarcian |
Pliensbachian |
Sinemurian |
Hettangian |
Rhaetian |
Norian |
Carnian |
Ladinian |
Anisian |
Olenekian |
Induan |
Changhsingian |
Wuchiapingian |
Capitanian |
Wordian |
Roadian |
Kungurian |
Artinskian |
Sakmarian |
Asselian |
Gzhelian |
Kasimovian |
Moscovian |
Bashkirian |
Serpukhovian |
Visean |
Tournaisian |
Famennian |
Frasnian |
Givetian |
Eifelian |
Emsian |
Pragian |
Lochkovian |
Ludfordian |
Gorstian |
Homerian |
Sheinwoodian |
Telychian |
Aeronian |
Rhuddanian |
Hirnantian |
Katian |
Sandbian |
Darriwilian |
Dapingian |
Floian |
Tremadocian |
Stage 10 |
Stage 9 |
Paibian |
Guzhangian |
Drumian |
Stage 5 |
Stage 4 |
Stage 3 |
Stage 2 |
Fortunian |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |
显生宇 |
元古宇 |
太古宇 |
冥古宇 (非正式) |
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新生界 |
中生界 |
古生界 |
新元古界 |
中元古界 |
古元古界 |
新太古界 |
中太古界 |
古太古界 |
始太古界 |
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第四系 |
新近系 |
古近系 |
白垩系 |
侏罗系 |
三叠系 |
三叠系 |
石炭系 |
泥盆系 |
志留系 |
奥陶系 |
寒武系 |
埃迪卡拉系 |
成冰系 |
拉伸系 |
狭带系 |
延展系 |
盖层系 |
固结系 |
造山系 |
层侵系 |
成铁系 |
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全新统 |
更新统 |
上新统 |
中新统 |
渐新统 |
始新统 |
古新统 |
上白垩统 |
下白垩统 |
上侏罗统 |
中侏罗统 |
下侏罗统 |
上三叠统 |
中三叠统 |
下三叠统 |
乐平统 |
瓜德鲁普统 |
乌拉尔统 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-上 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-中 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-下 |
密西西比亚系-上 |
密西西比亚系-中 |
密西西比亚系-下 |
上泥盆统 |
中泥盆统 |
下泥盆统 |
普里道利统 |
罗德洛统 |
文洛克统 |
兰多维列统 |
上奥陶统 |
中奥陶统 |
下奥陶统 |
芙蓉统 |
第三统 |
第二统 |
纽芬兰统 |
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上更新统 |
“伊奥尼雅阶” |
卡拉布里雅阶 |
格拉斯阶 |
皮亚琴察阶 |
赞克尔阶 |
梅辛阶 |
托尔通阶 |
塞拉瓦尔阶 |
兰哥阶 |
布尔迪加尔阶 |
阿启坦阶 |
夏特阶 |
鲁培尔阶 |
普利亚本阶 |
巴尔通阶 |
鲁帝特阶 |
伊普里斯阶 |
坦尼特阶 |
赛兰特阶 |
丹尼阶 |
马斯特里赫特阶 |
坎潘阶 |
三冬阶 |
康尼亚克阶 |
土伦阶 |
赛诺曼阶 |
阿尔布阶 |
阿普特阶 |
巴雷姆阶 |
欧特里夫阶 |
凡兰吟阶 |
贝利阿斯阶 |
提塘阶 |
基末利阶 |
牛津阶 |
卡洛夫阶 |
巴通阶 |
巴柔阶 |
阿林阶 |
土阿辛阶 |
普林斯巴阶 |
辛涅缪尔阶 |
赫塘阶 |
瑞替阶 |
诺利阶 |
卡尼阶 |
拉丁阶 |
安尼阶 |
奥伦尼克阶 |
印度阶 |
长兴阶 |
吴家坪阶 |
卡匹敦阶 |
沃德阶 |
罗德阶 |
空谷阶 |
亚丁斯克阶 |
萨克马尔阶 |
阿瑟尔阶 |
格舍尔阶 |
卡西莫夫阶 |
莫斯科阶 |
巴什基尔阶 |
谢尔普霍夫阶 |
维宪阶 |
杜内阶 |
法门阶 |
弗拉阶 |
吉维特阶 |
艾菲尔阶 |
埃姆斯阶 |
布拉格阶 |
洛霍考夫阶 |
卢德福特阶 |
高斯特阶 |
侯墨阶 |
申伍德阶 |
特列奇阶 |
埃隆阶 |
鲁丹阶 |
赫南特阶 |
凯迪阶 |
桑比阶 |
达瑞威尔阶 |
大坪阶 |
弗洛阶 |
特马豆克阶 |
第十阶 |
第九阶 |
排碧阶 |
古丈阶 |
鼓山阶 |
第五阶 |
第四阶 |
第三阶 |
第二阶 |
幸运阶 |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |