学名(拉丁名) | Corydalis incisa |
中文名 | 刻叶紫堇 |
命名人 | (Thunb.) Pers. |
中文科名 | 罂粟科 |
拉丁属名 | Corydalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Papaveraceae |
中文属名 | 紫堇属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Corydalis incisa |
命名人 | (Thunb.) Pers. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Corydalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Papaveraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Corydalis incisa |
命名人 | (Thunb.) Pers. |
发表年份 | 1806(年) |
拉丁属名 | Corydalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Papaveraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Corydalis incisa |
中文名 | 刻叶紫堇 |
拉丁属名 | Corydalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Papaveraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Corydalis incisa |
中文名 | 刻叶紫堇 |
中文科名 | 罂粟科 |
拉丁属名 | Corydalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Papaveraceae |
中文属名 | 紫堇属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Corydalis incisa |
发表年份 | 1807(年) |
拉丁属名 | Corydalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Papaveraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Corydalis incisa |
拉丁属名 | Corydalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Papaveraceae |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Capnoides incisa | Synonym | The Plant List | Kuntze |
Corydalis incisa var. alba | Synonym | The Plant List | S.Y.Wang |
Corydalis incisa f. bicolor | Synonym | The Plant List | Hayashi |
Corydalis incisa f. candida | Synonym | The Plant List | Hiyama |
Corydalis incisa var. koreana | Synonym | The Plant List | Fedde |
Corydalis incisa f. liuchiuensis | Synonym | The Plant List | Nakai |
Corydalis incisa f. pallescens | Synonym | The Plant List | Makino |
Corydalis incisa var. pseudomakinoana | Synonym | The Plant List | Fedde |
Corydalis incisa var. tschekiangensis | Synonym | The Plant List | Fedde |
Fumaria incisa | Synonym | The Plant List | Thunb. |
Fumaria incisa Thunberg, Nova Acta Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. Hist. Acad. 12: 104. 1801; Corydalis incisa var. alba S. Y. Wang; C. incisa var. koreana Fedde; C. incisa f. liuchiuensis Nakai; C. incisa f. pallescens Makino; C. incisa var. pseudomakinoana Fedde; C. incisa var. tschekiangensis Fedde.
Herbs, annual or biennial, green (or glaucous?), 10-40(-60) cm tall, glabrous. Taproot simple (annual [and ?biennial] form) or swollen to radishlike tuber ca. 1 × 0.5-1 mm (biennial form). Stems leafy and branched from base, erect to suberect, angular-sulcate. Lower petioles 5-15 cm, upper 1-4 cm; blade 3-9 × 3-9 cm, bi- to triternate; primary leaflets petiolulate; ultimate leaflets sessile, rhombic, 1-1.5 × ca. 1 cm, broadly cuneate, deeply dentate with sharp teeth; uppermost leaves smaller and sometimes grading into lowermost bract. Raceme 3-12 cm, 6-17-flowered, at first dense, then lax; bracts rhombic, 4-6(-10) mm, with sharp incised teeth. Pedicel (5-)9-15 mm, only slightly elongating in fruit. Sepals 1-2 mm, cut to base into few narrow lobes. Flowers usually pale pink or purple, with purplish red or purple apex; inner petals darker at tip but crest white. Outer petals truncate to emarginate, with short abrupt crest not reaching apex; upper petal 16-22 mm; spur nearly straight, cylindric, 8-10 mm; nectary 1/4-1/3 as long as spur; lower petal base usually with shallow sac. Stigma rectangular, with 4 simple marginal papillae; geminate papillae lateral and in basal corners. Capsule oblong, 12-18 × 2.5-3 mm, 6-12-seeded; style ca. 2.5 mm. Seed very finely reticulate (visible with strong lens), 1.8-2.1 mm, keeled, elaiosome small. Fl. and fr. Apr-Sep.
Forest margins, roadsides, wastelands, along irrigation channels; sea level to 1800 m. Anhui, Fujian, SE Gansu, NE Guangxi, Guizhou, S Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, S Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Korea].
The annual form seems to be more common in the north.
The annual form seems to be more common in the north.
219.刻叶紫堇(中国高等植物图鉴)地锦苗(救荒本草),断肠草(草木便方),羊不吃(四川),紫花鱼灯草、烫伤草(浙江)图版90: 1-4
Corydalis incisa (Thunb.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 269. 1807; in DC. Prodr. 1: 127. 1824; Maxim. ex Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 37. 1886; Diels in Engl. 's Bot. Jahrb. 29: 355. 1900; Makino in Iinuma Somoku Dsusetsu ed. 3: 3. pl. 1. 1921; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 343. 1931; Fedde in Engl. et Prantl, Nat. Pflanzen fam. ed. 2, 17b: 130. 1936; Ohwi Fl. Jap. 564, f. 6, j. 1953;中国高等植物图鉴2: 24,图1778. 1972; 牧野富太郎, 新日本植物图鉴201,图801. 1979;湖北植物志2: 19, 图206. 1979; 江苏植物志2: 210, 图1072. 1979; 中国高等植物图鉴补编1: 670, 1982, in clavi.; Y. H. Zhang et Y. Z. Zhuang in Act. Bot. Yunnan. 12 (1): 36. 1990;湖北植物大全: 68. 1993. ——Fumaria incisa Thunb. in Nov. Act. Petropol. 12: 104, t. D. 1801; in Miscel. Papers Regard. Jap. Pl. 354, t. D. ed. 1935. ——C. japonica Sieb. ex Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Batavo 3: 12. 1867. ——C. incisa f. pallescens Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 23: 251. 1909, syn. nov. e. typo——C. incisa f. liuchiuensis Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 25: 64. 1911, syn. nov. e typo——C. incisa var. pseudomakinoana Fedde, var. koreana Fedde et var. tschejiangensis Fedde in Fedde Reoert, 17: 197. 1921, syn. nov. e typo
灰绿色直立草本,高15-60厘米。根茎短而肥厚,椭圆形,约长1厘米,粗5毫米,具束生的须根。茎不分枝或少分枝,具叶。叶具长柄,基部具鞘,叶片二回三出,一回羽片具短柄,二回羽片近无柄,菱形或宽楔形,约长2厘米,宽1厘米,三深裂,裂片具缺刻状齿。总状花序长3-12厘米,多花,先密集,后疏离。苞片约与花梗等长,菱形或楔形,具缺刻状齿。花梗长约1厘米。萼片小,长约1毫米,丝状深裂。花紫红色至紫色,稀淡蓝色至苍白色,平展,大小的变异幅度较大。外花瓣顶端圆钝,平截至多少下凹,顶端稍后具陡峭的鸡冠状突起。上花瓣长(1.6-)2-2.5厘米;距圆筒形,近直,约与瓣片等长或稍短;蜜腺体短,约占距长的1/4至1/3,末端稍圆钝。下花瓣基部常具小距或浅囊,有时发育不明显。内花瓣顶端深紫色。柱头近扁四方形,顶端具4短柱状乳突,侧面具2对无柄的双生乳突。蒴果线形至长圆形,长1.5-2厘米,具1列种子。
产河北南部、山西南部、河南、陕西南部、甘肃东南部、四川、湖北、湖南、广西东北部、安徽、江苏、浙江、福建、台湾.生于近海平面至1800米的林缘,路边或疏林下。日本和朝鲜有分布。模式标本采自日本。
全草药用,解毒杀虫,治疮癣、蛇蛟伤。外用,不宜内服,含刻叶紫堇胺等多种生物碱。
本种是一个多型种,其叶和苞片的分裂程度、花的大小及其颜色、外花瓣的顶端及下花瓣的基部都有相当大的可塑性。这同它的广域分布于不同的生境有关。外花瓣鸡冠状突起发自顶端的后面,柱头的形态和果实是其较稳定的特征。C. indsa var. koreana Fedde, var. pseudomakinoana Fedde, f. pallescens Makino及f. liuchiuensis Nakai都是依据模式标本初次合并的,它们的变异均在本种变异范围之内。
Corydalis incisa | |||
Family Name: | Papaveraceae | Genera name: | Corydalis |
Species name: | incisa | Genera status: | |
NLR: | Comments: | ||
Sample Name: | Osaka Group Plio. | Formation: | |
Age: | Epoch (to): | Pliocene~ | |
Stage: | ~ | Contributer: | |
Ecology: | Climate: | ||
|
locality name: | Harima | Province/State: | Kyoto |
Continents: | Asia | county: | Osaka |
country: | Japan | longitude-decimal degrees: | 135.5 |
latitude-decimal degrees: | 34.73 | elevation [m]: | 20 |
Notes: |
Osaka-Momohara, 1992 | |||
title: | Late Pliocene Plant Biostratigraphy of the Lowermost Part of the Osaka Group, Southwest Japan, with Reference to Extinction of Plants | ||
Year: | 1992 | Type: | journal |
Volume: | 31 | Issue: | 2 |
Pages: | 77-89 | Publisher: | |
Location of publisher: | General: | ||
Authors: | Arata Momohara |
Phanerozoic |
Proterozoic |
Archean |
Hadean (informal) |
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Paleoproterozoic |
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Mesoarchean |
Paleoarchean |
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Neogene |
Paleogene |
Cretaceous |
Jurassic |
Triassic |
Permian |
Carboniferous |
Devonian |
Silurian |
Ordovician |
Cambrian |
Ediacaran |
Cryogenian |
Tonian |
Stenian |
Ectasian |
Calymmian |
Statherian |
Orosirian |
Rhyacian |
Siderian |
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Holocene |
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Miocene |
Oligocene |
Eocene |
Paleocene |
Upper |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Lopingian |
Guadalupian |
Cisuralian |
Pennsylvanian-Upper |
Pennsylvanian-Middle |
Pennsylvanian-Lower |
Mississippian-Upper |
Mississippian-Middle |
Mississippian-Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Pridoli |
Ludlow |
Wenlock |
Llandovery |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Furongian |
Series 3 |
Series 2 |
Terreneuvian |
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Upper |
"lonia" |
Calabrian |
Gelasian |
Piacenzian |
Zanclean |
Messinian |
Tortonian |
Serravallian |
Langhian |
Burdigalian |
Chattian |
Aquitanian |
Rupelian |
Priabonian |
Bartonian |
Lutetian |
Ypresian |
Thanetian |
Selandian |
Danian |
Maastrichtian |
Campanian |
Santonian |
Coniacian |
Turonian |
Cenomanian |
Albian |
Aptian |
Barremian |
Hauterivian |
Valanginian |
Berriasian |
Tithonian |
Kimmeridgian |
Oxfordian |
Callovian |
Bathonian |
Bajocian |
Aalenian |
Toarcian |
Pliensbachian |
Sinemurian |
Hettangian |
Rhaetian |
Norian |
Carnian |
Ladinian |
Anisian |
Olenekian |
Induan |
Changhsingian |
Wuchiapingian |
Capitanian |
Wordian |
Roadian |
Kungurian |
Artinskian |
Sakmarian |
Asselian |
Gzhelian |
Kasimovian |
Moscovian |
Bashkirian |
Serpukhovian |
Visean |
Tournaisian |
Famennian |
Frasnian |
Givetian |
Eifelian |
Emsian |
Pragian |
Lochkovian |
Ludfordian |
Gorstian |
Homerian |
Sheinwoodian |
Telychian |
Aeronian |
Rhuddanian |
Hirnantian |
Katian |
Sandbian |
Darriwilian |
Dapingian |
Floian |
Tremadocian |
Stage 10 |
Stage 9 |
Paibian |
Guzhangian |
Drumian |
Stage 5 |
Stage 4 |
Stage 3 |
Stage 2 |
Fortunian |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |
显生宇 |
元古宇 |
太古宇 |
冥古宇 (非正式) |
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新元古界 |
中元古界 |
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第四系 |
新近系 |
古近系 |
白垩系 |
侏罗系 |
三叠系 |
三叠系 |
石炭系 |
泥盆系 |
志留系 |
奥陶系 |
寒武系 |
埃迪卡拉系 |
成冰系 |
拉伸系 |
狭带系 |
延展系 |
盖层系 |
固结系 |
造山系 |
层侵系 |
成铁系 |
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全新统 |
更新统 |
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渐新统 |
始新统 |
古新统 |
上白垩统 |
下白垩统 |
上侏罗统 |
中侏罗统 |
下侏罗统 |
上三叠统 |
中三叠统 |
下三叠统 |
乐平统 |
瓜德鲁普统 |
乌拉尔统 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-上 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-中 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-下 |
密西西比亚系-上 |
密西西比亚系-中 |
密西西比亚系-下 |
上泥盆统 |
中泥盆统 |
下泥盆统 |
普里道利统 |
罗德洛统 |
文洛克统 |
兰多维列统 |
上奥陶统 |
中奥陶统 |
下奥陶统 |
芙蓉统 |
第三统 |
第二统 |
纽芬兰统 |
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上更新统 |
“伊奥尼雅阶” |
卡拉布里雅阶 |
格拉斯阶 |
皮亚琴察阶 |
赞克尔阶 |
梅辛阶 |
托尔通阶 |
塞拉瓦尔阶 |
兰哥阶 |
布尔迪加尔阶 |
阿启坦阶 |
夏特阶 |
鲁培尔阶 |
普利亚本阶 |
巴尔通阶 |
鲁帝特阶 |
伊普里斯阶 |
坦尼特阶 |
赛兰特阶 |
丹尼阶 |
马斯特里赫特阶 |
坎潘阶 |
三冬阶 |
康尼亚克阶 |
土伦阶 |
赛诺曼阶 |
阿尔布阶 |
阿普特阶 |
巴雷姆阶 |
欧特里夫阶 |
凡兰吟阶 |
贝利阿斯阶 |
提塘阶 |
基末利阶 |
牛津阶 |
卡洛夫阶 |
巴通阶 |
巴柔阶 |
阿林阶 |
土阿辛阶 |
普林斯巴阶 |
辛涅缪尔阶 |
赫塘阶 |
瑞替阶 |
诺利阶 |
卡尼阶 |
拉丁阶 |
安尼阶 |
奥伦尼克阶 |
印度阶 |
长兴阶 |
吴家坪阶 |
卡匹敦阶 |
沃德阶 |
罗德阶 |
空谷阶 |
亚丁斯克阶 |
萨克马尔阶 |
阿瑟尔阶 |
格舍尔阶 |
卡西莫夫阶 |
莫斯科阶 |
巴什基尔阶 |
谢尔普霍夫阶 |
维宪阶 |
杜内阶 |
法门阶 |
弗拉阶 |
吉维特阶 |
艾菲尔阶 |
埃姆斯阶 |
布拉格阶 |
洛霍考夫阶 |
卢德福特阶 |
高斯特阶 |
侯墨阶 |
申伍德阶 |
特列奇阶 |
埃隆阶 |
鲁丹阶 |
赫南特阶 |
凯迪阶 |
桑比阶 |
达瑞威尔阶 |
大坪阶 |
弗洛阶 |
特马豆克阶 |
第十阶 |
第九阶 |
排碧阶 |
古丈阶 |
鼓山阶 |
第五阶 |
第四阶 |
第三阶 |
第二阶 |
幸运阶 |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |