| 学名(拉丁名) | Cocculus orbiculatus |
| 中文名 | 木防己 |
| 命名人 | (L.) DC. |
| 中文科名 | 防己科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Cocculus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Menispermaceae |
| 中文属名 | 木防己属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cocculus orbiculatus |
| 中文名 | 木防己 |
| 中文科名 | 防己科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Cocculus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Menispermaceae |
| 中文属名 | 木防己属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cocculus orbiculatus |
| 命名人 | (L.) DC. (accepted name) |
| 拉丁属名 | Cocculus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Menispermaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cocculus orbiculatus |
| 命名人 | (L.) DC. |
| 发表年份 | 1817(年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Cocculus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Menispermaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cocculus orbiculatus |
| 中文名 | 木防己 |
| 拉丁属名 | Cocculus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Menispermaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cocculus orbiculatus |
| 中文名 | 木防己 |
| 中文科名 | 防己科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Cocculus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Menispermaceae |
| 中文属名 | 木防己属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cocculus orbiculatus |
| 发表年份 | 1818 [1817](年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Cocculus |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Menispermaceae |
| 学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cebatha ferrandiana | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cebatha integra | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cebatha lonchophylla | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cebatha mollis | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cebatha virgata | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus cuneatus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus cynanchoides | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus dichopetalus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus elegans | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus ferrandianus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus hexagynus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus integer | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus lenissimus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus lonchophyllus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus mollis | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus nephroia | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus orbiculatus f. macrophyllus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus orbiculatus var. mollis | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus orbiculatus var. orbiculatus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus ovalifolius | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus perraudi | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus sarmentosus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus sarmentosus var. linearis | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus sarmentosus var. pauciflorus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus sarmentosus var. stenophyllus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus thunbergii | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus triflorus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus trilobus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus umbellatus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus virgatus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Ferrandia oleifera | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Holopeira fecunda | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Holopeira lonchophylla | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Menispermum hexagynum | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Menispermum orbiculatum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Menispermum ovalifolium | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Menispermum reniforme | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Menispermum triflorum | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Menispermum trilobum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Nephroia cuneifolia | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Nephroia dilatata | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Nephroia pubinervis | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Nephroia pycnantha | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Nephroia sarmentosa | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica cynanchoides | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica dianthera | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica ferrandiana | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica hastata | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica hexagyna | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica mollis | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica ovalifolius | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica pubinervis | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica sarmentosa | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica thunbergii | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Nephroica triloba | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Cocculus diantherus | Synonym | The Plant List |
| 学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cocculus orbiculatus | 异名 | The Plant List | C.K.Schneid. | Cocculus orbiculatus |
| Cocculus orbiculatus | 接受名 | The Plant List | ||
| Cocculus orbiculatus | 接受名 | 云南植物志 | ||
| Cocculus orbiculatus | 接受名 | 中国植物志 | ||
| Cocculus orbiculatus | 接受名 | Flora of China | ||
| Cocculus orbiculatus | 接受名 | Species 2000 |
| 1 | Sepals glabrous. (1) | a var. orbiculatus |
| 1 + | Sepals puberulent abaxially. (1) | b var. mollis |
Woody vines. Young branches striate, puberulent to subglabrous. Petiole 1-3(-5) cm, whitish tomentose or pubescent; leaf blade variable in shape, linear-lanceolate to broadly ovate, narrowly elliptic to rotund, oblanceolate to obcordate, sometimes 3(-5)-lobed, 3-8(-10) cm, variable in width, papery to thinly leathery, both surfaces puberulent to glabrous, base rounded to truncate, occasionally broadly cuneate or shallowly cordate, margin entire, apex acute or obtuse, with a finely mucronate acumen, sometimes slightly emarginate or 2-lobed, palmately 3(or 5)-veined, basal pair of veins usually obscure beyond middle of leaf blade, slightly raised abaxially. Inflorescences axillary, cymose, few flowered, or many flowered arranged in a narrow terminal or axillary thyrse, up to 10 cm or longer, puberulent. Male flowers: bracteoles 1 or 2, ca. 0.5 mm, closely adnate to sepals, puberulent; sepals 6, outer whorl ovate or elliptic-ovate, 1-1.8 mm, inner whorl broadly elliptic to rotund, sometimes broadly obovate, up to 2.5 mm or slightly longer; petals 6, 1-2 mm, with sides shortly above base folded inward around opposite filament, apex divided into 2 acuminate or acute lobes; stamens 6, shorter than petals. Female flowers: sepals and petals as in male flower; staminodes 6, minute; carpels 6, glabrous. Drupes rotund, red to reddish purple, usually 7-8 mm in diam.; endocarp bony, 5-6 mm in diam., abaxially ornamented with branched ridges.
Sparse forests, shrublands, village margins, forest margins; near sea level to 1200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [E India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines; introduced in Indian Ocean islands (Mauritius, Réunion) and Pacific islands (Hawaii)].
1．木防己（通称） 图版7：1-8
Cocculus orbiculatus (Linn.) DC. Syst. 1; 523.1817; Forman in Kew Bull. 22: 372-374. 1968; 云南植物志3: 237. 1983; 广东植物志1: 37.图38. 1987.——Menispermum orbiculatus Linn. Sp. Pl. 341. 1753. ——M. trilobus Thunb. Fl. Jap. 194. 1784. ——Nephroia sarmentosa Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 562. 1790. ——Cocculus trilobus(Thunb.) DC. op. cit. 522. 1817; Diels in Engler, Pflanzenreich IV. 94: 232. 1910; Forman, op. cit. 15: 480. 1962; 海南植物志1: 321. 1964.——Cocculus thunbergii DC. Syst. 1: 524. 1818; Hance in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 13: 99. 1872; Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 28. 1886. ——Cocculus cuneatus Benth. in Journ Linn. Soc. Bot. 5 (suppl. 2): 50. 1861.——Cocculus sarmentosus (Lour.) Diels, op. cit. 233. 1910. ——Cocculus sarmentosus (Lour.) Diels var. stenophyllus Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 13: 10. 1918; Yamamoto in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formos. 34: 199. 1943. ——Cocculus sarmentosus (Lour.) Diels var. pauciflorus Y. C. Wu in Bot. Jahrb. 71: 173. 1940. ——Cocculus sarmentosus (Lour.) Diels var. linearis Yamamoto, op. cit. 200. 1943.
木质藤本；小枝被绒毛至疏柔毛，或有时近无毛，有条纹。叶片纸质至近革质，形状变异极大，自线状披针形至阔卵状近圆形、狭椭圆形至近圆形、倒披针形至倒心形，有时卵状心形，顶端短尖或钝而有小凸尖，有时微缺或2裂，边全缘或3裂，有时掌状5裂，长通常3-8厘米，很少超过10厘米，宽不等，两面被密柔毛至疏柔毛，有时除下面中脉外两面近无毛；掌状脉3条，很少5条，在下面微凸起；叶柄长1-3厘米，很少超过5厘米，被稍密的白色柔毛。聚伞花序少花，腋生，或排成多花，狭窄聚伞圆锥花序，顶生或腋生，长可达10厘米或更长，被柔毛；雄花：小苞片2或1，长约0.5毫米，紧贴花萼，被柔毛；萼片6，外轮卵形或椭圆状卵形，长1-1.8毫米，内轮阔椭圆形至近圆形，有时阔倒卵形，长达2.5毫米或稍过之；花瓣6，长1一2毫米，下部边缘内折，抱着花丝，顶端2裂，裂片叉开，渐尖或短尖；雄蕊6，比花瓣短；雌花：萼片和花瓣与雄花相同；退化雄蕊6，微小；心皮6，无毛。核果近球形，红色至紫红色，径通常7-8毫米；果核骨质，径约5-6毫米，背部有小横肋状雕纹。
我国大部分地区都有分布（西北部和西藏尚未见过），以长江流域中下游及其以南各省区常见。生于灌丛、村边、林缘等处。广布于亚洲东南部和东部以及夏威夷群岛。模式标本采自福州市附近的犬岛。
1a. 木防己（原变种）
var. orbiculatus
萼片无毛。
我国大部分地区都有分布（西北部和西藏尚未见过），以长江流域中下游及其以南各省区常见。生于灌丛、村边、林缘等处。广布于亚洲东南部和东部以及夏威夷群岛。模式标本采自福州市附近的犬岛。
1b．毛木防己（云南植物志）
var. mollis (Wall. ex Hook. f. et Thoms.) Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 2nd. Report 35. 1917. 云南植物志3: 238. 1983.——Cocculus mollis Wall. ex Hook. f. et Thoms. Fl. Ind. 1: 193. 1855; Diels in Engler, Pflanzenreich IV. 94: 235. 1910. ——C. lenissimus Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 36. 1908.——C. mokiangensis Lien in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13: 41, Pl. 2. 1975.
本变种与上变种的区别在于萼片背面被毛。
产于四川西昌一带和南川、云南南部、贵州西南部和广西西北部。生于疏林中和灌丛中。分布于尼泊尔和印度东部。
标本份数
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