| 学名(拉丁名) | Cerasus |
| 中文名 | 樱属 |
| 命名人 | Mill. |
| 中文科名 | 蔷薇科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cerasus |
| 中文名 | 樱属 |
| 中文科名 | 蔷薇科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cerasus |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cerasus |
| 中文名 | 樱属 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cerasus |
| 中文名 | 樱属 |
| 中文科名 | 蔷薇科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Cerasus |
| 发表年份 | 1754(年) |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 1 | 腋芽单生；花序多伞形或伞房总状，稀单生；叶柄一般较长。 (2) | |
| 1 | 腋芽三个并生，中间为叶芽，两侧为花芽。 (41) | |
| 2 | 萼片反折。 (3) | |
| 2 | 萼片直立或开张。 (26) | |
| 3 | 花序上有大形绿色苞片，果期宿存，或伞形花序基部有叶。 (4) | |
| 3 | 花序上苞片大多为褐色，稀绿褐色，通常果期脱落，稀小形宿存。 (16) | |
| 4 | 花序伞房总状有总梗。 (5) | |
| 4 | 花序伞形，有总梗稀无总梗。 (10) | |
| 5 | 萼筒管状或管形钟状，基部常膨大，萼片长为萼筒1/3-1/4。 (6) | |
| 5 | 萼筒钟状或倒圆锥状，基部不膨大；萼片与萼筒近等长或稍短。 (7) | |
| 6 | 苞片及叶边锯齿有平头状腺体；叶片下面密被横展疏长柔毛；萼筒外被疏柔毛，萼片边有腺齿；花柱大部分被疏柔毛。 | 散毛樱桃 Cerasus patentipila |
| 6 | 苞片及叶边锯齿有棒状腺体；叶片下面疏被短柔毛；萼筒基部被疏柔毛或近无毛，萼片边缘疏生缘毛；花柱无毛。 | 长腺樱桃 Cerasus claviculata |
| 7 | 苞片及叶边锯齿有盘状或平头状腺体；叶片下面无毛或被疏柔毛；萼筒外面无毛或被疏柔毛；雄蕊40-47。 | 四川樱桃 Cerasus szechuanica |
| 7 | 苞片及叶边不具盘状腺体；雄蕊27-36。 (8) | |
| 8 | 叶边锯齿较浇而钝；苞片较小2-4（8）毫米；叶边及苞片有小圆锥状腺体；叶片下面无毛；果红色后转黑色，核有显著棱纹。 | 雕核樱桃 Cerasus pleio |
| 8 | 叶边有重锯齿；苞片常较大，长（4）5-20毫米。 (9) | |
| 9 | 叶边苞片和萼片锯齿有圆锥形腺体；叶片下面无毛毛或被疏柔毛；果红色，核有棱纹。 | 锥腺樱桃 Cerasus conadenia |
| 9 | 叶边苞片和萼片锯齿无腺体或有少数细小头状腺体；叶片下面脉上有稀疏伏生柔毛；果黑色，核有显著棱纹。 | 黑樱桃 Cerasus maximowiczii |
| 10 | 叶边锯齿急尖渐尖或骤尖，有顶生腺体。 (11) | |
| 10 | 叶边锯齿圆钝或微凹近基部有腺体，稀顶端有腺体。 (14) | |
| 11 | 苞片边缘有盘状腺休。 (12) | |
| 11 | 苞片边缘有圆锥形或小球形腺体。 (13) | |
| 12 | 萼筒无毛；花叶同开，花瓣顶端圆形。 | 康定樱桃 Cerasus tatsienensis |
| 12 | 萼筒被稀疏柔毛，花先叶开放稀花叶同开，花瓣顶端二裂。 | 迎春樱桃 Cerasus discoidea |
| 13 | 萼筒无毛；小枝叶柄及叶下面沿脉被疏柔毛或完全无毛。 | 微毛樱桃 Cerasus clarofolia |
| 13 | 萼筒外面密被柔毛; 小枝叶柄及叶下面密被开展长柔毛。 | 多毛樱桃 Cerasus polytricha |
| 14 | 萼片短于萼筒约一半，顶端圆钝；叶片两面无毛，长3-4厘米，叶柄长8-15厘米，花序基部有小叶数枚。 | 草原樱桃 Cerasus fruticosa |
| 14 | 萼片与萼筒近等长。 (15) | |
| 15 | 叶片无毛，长叶7厘米，叶柄长1.5-5厘米；内面芽鳞直立；花序基部有少数叶状苞片；果酸。 | 欧洲酸樱桃 Cerasus vulgaris |
| 15 | 叶片下面多少有柔毛，长达15厘米，叶柄长达7厘米；内面芽鳞反折；花序基部无叶状苞片；果甜。 | 欧洲甜樱桃 Cerasus avium |
| 16 | 花瓣顶端二裂或微凹。 (17) | |
| 16 | 花瓣顶端圆形。 (23) | |
| 17 | 萼片较萼筒长0.5-2倍。 (18) | |
| 17 | 萼片较萼筒短稀近等长。 (19) | |
| 18 | 小叶、叶柄、叶片下面及花梗无毛，稀被疏柔毛；花叶同开；花序近伞形，有花3-4朵,苞片圆形，边有长柄腺体。 | 襄阳山樱桃 Cerasus cyclamina |
| 18 | 小叶、叶柄、叶片下面及花梗被柔毛；花先叶开放或花叶同开；花序近伞形，有花3-6朵，苞片边缘常撕裂状，裂片顶端有长柄腺体。 | 尾叶樱桃 Cerasus dielsiana |
| 19 | 花梗及萼筒无毛；花序伞形有花2-4朵，几无总梗；花先叶开或近同开；花柱无毛；叶边有单锯齿，两面均无毛。 | 光叶樱桃 Cerasus glabra |
| 19 | 花梗及筒萼被疏柔毛。 (20) | |
| 20 | 叶边有尖锐重锯齿。 (21) | |
| 20 | 叶边有单锯齿或不明显重锯齿；叶片下面或仅脉上有稀疏柔毛。 (22) | |
| 21 | 叶片下面被灰褐色微硬毛，脉上较密；花序伞形，常有花（1）2-（3）朵；萼筒管状，花柱基部疏生硬毛。 | 浙闽樱桃 Cerasus schneideriana |
| 21 | 叶片下面沿脉被疏柔毛；花序伞房状或伞形，有花3-6朵；萼筒钟状，花柱无毛。 | 樱桃 Cerasus pseudocerasus |
| 22 | 花序伞形，有花3-7朵，有总梗，先叶开放；花柱无毛。 | 崖樱桃 Cerasus scopulorum |
| 22 | 花序近伞形，有花3-5朵，总梗短或无，先叶开放；花柱基部有柔毛。 | 西南樱桃 Cerasus duclouxii |
| 23 | 花序各部密被硬毛；叶边有尖锐单锯齿或重锯齿，上面被疏柔毛，以后脱落几无毛，下面微被硬毛，以后脱落减少；花柱基部被疏柔毛。 | 云南樱桃 Cerasus yunnanensis |
| 23 | 花序各部光滑无毛。 (24) | |
| 24 | 叶边锯齿圆钝，下面中脉被短柔毛；花序总伏有总梗，有花6-10朵，花梗长1-1.5厘米；花柱无毛。 | 圆叶樱桃 Cerasus mahaleb |
| 24 | 叶边尖锐单锯齿或重锯齿，下面无毛或仅脉腋有簇毛；花柱基部有疏柔毛。 (25) | |
| 25 | 花序伞房总状，有总梗，有花3-7朵，花梗长4-8毫米。 | 蒙自樱桃 Cerasus henryi |
| 25 | 花序伞房总状，无总梗或有短总梗，有花3-5朵，花梗长5-10毫米。 | 细花樱桃 Cerasus pusilliflora |
| 26 | 叶边多为圆钝缺刻状重锯齿或呈浅裂片，稀尖锐重锯齿。 (27) | |
| 26 | 叶边多为尖锐重锯齿，稀单锯齿。 (32) | |
| 27 | 花梗及萼筒被毛。 (28) | |
| 27 | 花梗及萼筒无毛或有稀疏柔毛。 (29) | |
| 28 | 花序伞形，有花2-3朵，基部有2-3叶状苞片，长5-20毫米；萼筒管状外被糙毛；花柱下部有柔毛。 | 刺毛樱桃 Cerasus setulosa |
| 28 | 花单生或2-3朵，苞片小形，边有腺齿，直径2-3毫米；萼筒管状，外被锈色柔毛；花柱无毛。 | 尖尾樱桃 Cerasus caudata |
| 29 | 托叶卵圆形，边有深锯齿，与叶柄等长；花序伞形有花2-3朵，萼筒管形钟状；花柱基部有稀疏柔毛。 | 托叶樱桃 Cerasus stipulacea |
| 29 | 托叶线形至带形，边有腺体，长于或短于叶柄；花单生或2朵簇生。 (30) | |
| 30 | 直立乔木；叶边有急尖重锯齿，先端急尖或渐尖；萼筒钟状；花柱基部有毛。 | 川西樱桃 Cerasus trichostoma |
| 30 | 偃伏灌木；萼筒管状；花柱无毛。 (31) | |
| 31 | 叶边有重锯齿并分裂成小裂片，先端急尖或渐尖。 | 山楂叶樱桃 Cerasus crataegifolia |
| 31 | 叶边有尖锐重锯齿，但不分裂成小裂片，先端圆钝或急尖。 | 偃樱桃 Cerasus mugus |
| 32 | 花梗及萼筒被柔毛。 (33) | |
| 32 | 花梗及萼筒无毛。 (35) | |
| 33 | 叶片侧脉直出，几平行10-14对，下面微被柔毛；花序伞形有花2-3朵，总梗长1-2厘米；萼筒管状，萼片与萼筒近等长，有疏齿。 | 大叶早樱 Cerasus subhirtella |
| 33 | 叶片侧脉微弯7-10对，下面沿脉被稀疏柔毛。 (34) | |
| 34 | 花序伞形总状有花3-4朵，总梗极短；萼筒管状，萼片略短于萼筒，有腺齿；果黑色。 | 东京樱花 Cerasus yedoensis |
| 34 | 花单生或2-3朵，总梗长2-8毫米；萼筒管状壶形，萼片短于萼筒2-3倍；果红色。 | 红毛樱桃 Cerasus rufa |
| 35 | 叶边尖锐锯齿呈芒状；花序近伞形或伞房总状，有花2-3朵，花叶同开；萼筒钟状，萼片全缘；花柱无毛；果黑色。 | 山樱花 Cerasus serrulata |
| 35 | 叶边有尖锐锯齿但不为芒状。 (36) | |
| 36 | 萼筒钟状。 (37) | |
| 36 | 萼筒管形钟状。 (39) | |
| 37 | 花序近伞形，有花2-5朵，花瓣白色至粉红色，花叶同开；叶边有重或单锯齿；果紫黑色，熟时果柄顶端常膨大。 | 高盆樱桃 Cerasus cerasoides |
| 37 | 花序伞形，先叶开放。 (38) | |
| 38 | 花3-5朵，花瓣白色；叶边重锯齿，两面无毛；果红色，核光滑，果柄顶端不膨大。 | 华中樱桃 Cerasus conradinae |
| 38 | 花2-4朵，花瓣粉红色；叶边单锯齿或重锯齿；果红色，核微有棱纹，熟时果柄顶端常膨大。 | 钟花樱桃 Cerasus campanulata |
| 39 | 花序伞形有花2-4（5）朵，先叶开放，幼枝光滑无毛，叶片倒卵形至倒卵状长圆形，下面脉上有毛，不久脱落无毛；果红色，核光滑。 | 华中樱桃 Cerasus conradinae |
| 39 | 花单生或1-2朵，花叶同开。 (40) | |
| 40 | 幼枝被细短柔毛；叶片披针形至卵状披针形；叶片下面无毛或脉腋被疏柔毛；果紫红色，核有显著棱纹。 | 细齿樱桃 Cerasus serrula |
| 40 | 幼枝被锈色绒毛；叶片倒卵状椭圆形或倒卵状披针形，叶片下面脉上被锈色疏柔毛或无毛；果红色，核有显著棱纹。 . | 红毛樱桃 Cerasus rufa |
| 41 | 萼片反折，萼筒杯状或陀螺状，长宽近相等；花序伞形，有1-4花，花梗明显；花柱无毛或仅基部有柔毛。 (42) | |
| 41 | 萼片直立或开展，萼筒管状长大于宽；花1-2朵，花梗较短，1.5-2.5毫米；花柱全部或基部被柔毛。 (46) | |
| 42 | 叶片中部以下最宽，卵形或卵状披针形，先端渐尖至急尖，基部圆形；花柱无毛。 | 郁李 Cerasus japonica |
| 42 | 叶片中部或中部以上最宽，基部楔形至宽楔形。 (43) | |
| 43 | 叶片下面被微硬毛或仅脉上被疏柔毛。 (44) | |
| 43 | 叶片下面无毛或仅脉腋有簇毛。 (45) | |
| 44 | 叶片先端短渐尖或圆钝，基部宽楔形，下面脉上或有时脉间被疏柔毛；花柱基部被疏柔毛。 | 毛柱郁李 Cerasus pogolostyla |
| 44 | 叶片先端圆钝稀急尖，基部楔形，下面密被黄褐色，微硬毛；花柱无毛。 | 毛叶欧李 Cerasus dictyoneura |
| 45 | 叶片中部以上最宽，倒卵状长圆形或倒卵状披针形，先端急尖或短渐尖；花柱无毛。 | 欧李 Cerasus humilis |
| 45 | 叶片中部或近中部最宽，卵状长圆形或长圆披针形，先端急尖或渐尖；花柱基部有疏柔毛或无毛。 | 麦李 Cerasus glandulosa |
| 46 | 叶片卵状椭圆形或倒卵状椭圆形，先端急尖或渐尖，长2-7厘米，上面被疏柔毛，下面密被绒毛，后渐稀疏。 | 毛樱桃 Cerasus tomentosa |
| 46 | 叶片倒卵披针形，顶端急尖或圆钝，长8-16毫米，两面无毛。 | 天山樱桃 Cerasus tianshanica |
| 1 | Winter buds 3 per leaf axil with 2 lateral flower buds and 1 central leaf. | (2) |
| 1 + | Winter bud 1 per leaf axil. | (8) |
| 2 (1) | Pedicel to 2.5 mm or flowers sessile; hypanthium longer than wide; sepals erect or spreading; style villous basally or throughout. | (3) |
| 2 (1) + | Pedicel 4–20 mm; hypanthium as long as wide; sepals reflexed; style pilose basally or glabrous throughout. | (4) |
| 3 (2) | Leaf blade ovate-elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 2–7 cm, adaxially pilose, abaxially densely tomentose. (1) | C. tomentosa |
| 3 (2) + | Leaf blade obovate-oblanceolate, 0.8–1.6 cm, glabrous. (2) | C. tianshanica |
| 4 (2) | Leaf blade broadest basally from middle, base rounded. (3) | C. japonica |
| 4 (2) + | Leaf blade broadest at about middle or apically (basally sometimes in C. pogonostyla var. obovata and C. glandulosa), base cuneate or broadly so. | (5) |
| 5 (4) | Leaf blade abaxially hirsute to pilose along veins. | (6) |
| 5 (4) + | Leaf blade abaxially glabrous, sparsely pubescent, or with tufted hairs in vein axils. | (7) |
| 6 (5) | Leaf blade abaxially pilose along veins or sometimes between veins; style basally pilose. (4) | C. pogonostyla |
| 6 (5) + | Leaf blade abaxially densely brown hirsute; style glabrous. (5) | C. dictyoneura |
| 7 (5) | Leaf blade secondary veins 6–8 on either side of midvein; hypanthium outside pilose; style slightly shorter than stamens; drupe 1.5–1.8 cm in diam. (6) | C. humilis |
| 7 (5) + | Leaf blade secondary veins 4 or 5 on either side of midvein; hypanthium outside glabrous; style slightly longer than stamens; drupe 1–1.3 cm in diam. (7) | C. glandulosa |
| 8 (1) | Bracts green, persistent. | (9) |
| 8 (1) + | Bracts brown or rarely greenish brown, rarely persistent. | (24) |
| 9 (8) | Teeth of leaf blade margin non-glandular, with an apical cartilaginous mucro, or with an inconspicuous apical gland. | (10) |
| 9 (8) + | Teeth of leaf blade margin with a distinct apical gland. | (13) |
| 10 (9) | Inflorescences corymbose, 5–10-flowered; endocarp markedly sculptured. (8) | C. maximowiczii |
| 10 (9) + | Inflorescences umbellate, 2–4-flowered; endocarp smooth. | (11) |
| 11 (10) | Shrubs 0.2–1 m tall; sepals shorter than hypanthium; drupe ca. 1 cm. (9) | C. fruticosa |
| 11 (10) + | Trees 10–25 m tall; sepals nearly as long as hypanthium; drupe 1.2–2.5 cm. | (12) |
| 12 (11) | Petiole 1–2 cm; leaf blade glabrous; inflorescence inner involucral bracts straight; mesocarp sour. (10) | C. vulgaris |
| 12 (11) + | Petiole 2–7 cm; leaf blade abaxially sparsely villous; inflorescence inner involucral bracts curved; mesocarp sweet. (11) | C. avium |
| 13 (9) | Glands disciform or depressed at apex of teeth along bract margins and sometimes along leaf blade margins. | (14) |
| 13 (9) + | Glands not disciform or depressed at apex of teeth along bract and leaf blade margins (sometimes depressed in C. patentipila). | (17) |
| 14 (13) | Inflorescences subcorymbose-racemose or racemose. | (15) |
| 14 (13) + | Inflorescences umbellate. | (16) |
| 15 (14) | Style glabrous or sparsely pilose. (12) | C. szechuanica |
| 15 (14) + | Style sparsely villous basal to middle. (13) | C. discadenia |
| 16 (14) | Flowers opening at same time as leaves; hypanthium outside glabrous; petals apically rounded. (14) | C. tatsienensis |
| 16 (14) + | Flowers opening before leaves; hypanthium outside pilose; petals apically 2-lobed. (15) | C. discoidea |
| 17 (13) | Inflorescences umbellate. | (18) |
| 17 (13) + | Inflorescences corymbose-racemose (umbellate-racemose in C. claviculata). | (21) |
| 18 (17) | Petiole glabrous; bracts 5–20 mm; sepals spreading. (16) | C. setulosa |
| 18 (17) + | Petiole ± hairy (sometimes glabrous in C. clarofolia and C. conradinae); bracts 2–8 mm; sepals reflexed. | (19) |
| 19 (18) | Branchlets densely villous; leaf blade abaxially densely spreading villous; hypanthium outside densely villous. (18) | C. polytricha |
| 19 (18) + | Branchlets glabrous or pilose; leaf blade abaxially pilose along veins or glabrous; hypanthium outside glabrous. | (20) |
| 20 (19) | Winter buds ovoid, glabrous; petiole glabrous or pilose; stamens 20–30; drupe long ellipsoid. (17) | C. clarofolia |
| 20 (19) + | Winter buds ellipsoid-ovoid, pilose; petiole densely spreading villous; stamens 32–54; drupe ovoid to subglobose. (36) | C. conradinae |
| 21 (17) | Peduncles, rachises, pedicels, and outside of sepals glabrous. | (22) |
| 21 (17) + | Peduncles, rachises, pedicels, and outside sepals distinctly hairy. | (23) |
| 22 (21) | Young branchlets brown; bracts 0.5–2.5 cm; hypanthium ca. 5 mm in diam.; style nearly as long as stamens; endocarp ± sculptured. (19) | C. conadenia |
| 22 (21) + | Young branchlets tinged reddish brown to reddish green; bracts 0.2–0.5 cm; hypanthium 3–4 mm in diam.; style slightly longer than stamens; endocarp markedly sculptured. (20) | C. pleiocerasus |
| 23 (21) | Leaf blade abaxially pilose or sparsely pubescent; teeth along bract margins and sometimes along leaf blade margins aristate and with a claviculate apical gland; hypanthium outside basally pilose to subglabrous; sepals margin sparsely ciliate. (21) | C. dolichadenia |
| 23 (21) + | Leaf blade abaxially densely horizontally spreading villous to hirsute; teeth along bract and leaf blade margins with a capitate to flattened-capitate (depressed) apical gland; hypanthium outside pilose; sepals margin glandular serrate. (22) | C. patentipila |
| 24 (8) | Leaf blade margin coarsely incised biserrate or lobed; inflorescences 1- or 2-flowered. | (25) |
| 24 (8) + | Leaf blade margin biserrate, serrate, or obtusely glandular crenate; inflorescences usually more than 2-flowered (sometimes 1-flowered in C. serrula and C. schneideriana). | (29) |
| 25 (24) | Prostrate shrubs; petiole 2–7 mm. | (26) |
| 25 (24) + | Tree or shrubs; petiole 4–13 mm. | (27) |
| 26 (25) | Leaf blade obovate to obovate-elliptic, margin biserrate but not lobed, apex obtuse to acute. (24) | C. mugus |
| 26 (25) + | Leaf blade elliptic-ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, margin biserrate and lobed, apex acute to acuminate. (25) | C. crataegifolius |
| 27 (25) | Branchlets, pedicels, and outside of sepals hairy; style glabrous. (29) | C. caudata |
| 27 (25) + | Branchlets, pedicels, and outside of sepals glabrous (sometimes pilose in C. trichostoma); style hairy. | (28) |
| 28 (27) | Flowers opening at same time as leaves; stipules usually lanceolate to linear, 3–5 mm. (30) | C. trichostoma |
| 28 (27) + | Flowers opening slightly before leaves or nearly so; stipules on vegetative branches usually ovate and auriculate, 5–10 mm. (31) | C. stipulacea |
| 29 (24) | Inflorescences ± hairy or at least hairy when young. | (30) |
| 29 (24) + | Inflorescences glabrous. | (36) |
| 30 (29) | Style glabrous. | (31) |
| 30 (29) + | Style hairy. | (33) |
| 31 (30) | Leaf blade lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate to long acuminate; endocarp markedly sculptured. (39) | C. serrula |
| 31 (30) + | Leaf blade ovate to broadly ovate, apex usually caudate; endocarp smooth or ± sculptured. | (32) |
| 32 (31) | Petals apically emarginate; sepals nearly 1/2 or more as long as hypanthium. (40) | C. pseudocerasus |
| 32 (31) + | Petals apically 2-lobed; sepalsy nearly 2 × as long as hypanthium. (41) | C. dielsiana |
| 33 (30) | Inflorescences subcorymbose-racemose to long racemose; petals apically subundulate to emarginate; hypanthium tubular-campanulate. (42) | C. yunnanensis |
| 33 (30) + | Inflorescences umbellate or umbellate-racemose; petals apically emarginate or lobed; hypanthium tubular. | (34) |
| 34 (33) | Sepals reflexed; hypanthium densely hirtellous outside. (43) | C. schneideriana |
| 34 (33) + | Sepals erect or spreading; hypanthium pilose outside. | (35) |
| 35 (34) | Secondary veins 10–14 on each side of midvein, straight and nearly parallel; inflorescences umbelate, 2- or 3-flowered; pedicel 1–2 cm; sepals nearly as long as hypanthium, apically laxly serrate. (27) | C. subhirtella |
| 35 (34) + | Secondary veins 7–10 on each side of midvein, slightly curved; inflorerscences umbellate- racemose, 3- or 4-flowered; pedicel 2–2.5 cm; sepals slightly shorter than hypanthium, apically serrate. (28) | C. yedoensis |
| 36 (29) | Petals apically rounded (sometimes emarginate in C. pusilliflora). | (37) |
| 36 (29) + | Petals apically 2-lobed or emarginate. | (40) |
| 37 (36) | Style glabrous. (23) | C. mahaleb |
| 37 (36) + | Style hairy. | (38) |
| 38 (37) | Flowers solitary or umbellate; hypanthium densely hairy outside. (26) | C. trichantha |
| 38 (37) + | Flowers in a corybose-racemose inflorescence; hypanthium glabrous outside. | (39) |
| 39 (38) | Inflorescence distinctly pedunculate; pedicel 4–8 cm; hypanthium tubular-campanulate. (32) | C. henryi |
| 39 (38) + | Inflorescence short pedunculate; pedicel 1–1.5 cm; hypanthium campanulate. (33) | C. pusilliflora |
| 40 (36) | Sepals reflex. (34) | C. cyclamina |
| 40 (36) + | Sepals straight or spreading. | (41) |
| 41 (40) | Leaf blade margin serrulate or biserrate with acuminat to aristate teeth. (35) | C. serrulata |
| 41 (40) + | Leaf blade sharply serrate. | (42) |
| 42 (41) | Flowers opening at same time as leaves; drupe purplish black; endocarp apex obtuse. (38) | C. cerrasoides |
| 42 (41) + | Flowers opening before leaves; drupe red; endocarp apex acute. | (43) |
| 43 (42) | Leaf blade abaxially glabrous; involucre bracts 6–8 × 4–5 mm; hypanthium ca. 4 mm; petals apically 2-lobed. (36) | C. conradinae |
| 43 (42) + | Leaf blade abaxially with tufts of hairs in vein axils; involucre bracts ca. 5 × 3 mm; hypanthium ca. 6 mm; petals apically emarginate or rarely entire. (37) | C. campanulata |
落叶乔木或灌木。腋芽单生或3个并生，中间为叶芽，两侧为花芽，幼时在芽中为对折状，后于花开放或与花同时开放。叶具叶柄和脱落的托叶，叶边有锯齿或缺刻状锯齿，叶柄、托叶和锯齿常有腺。花常数朵着生在伞形、伞房状或短总状花序上，有1-2花生于叶腋内，常有花梗，花序基部有芽鳞宿存或有明显苞片；萼筒钟状或管状，萼片反折或直立开张；花瓣白色或粉红色，先端钝圆，微缺或深裂；雄蕊15-20；雌蕊1枚，花柱和子房有毛或无毛。核果成熟时肉质多汁，不开裂；核球形或卵球形，核面平滑或稍有皱纹。本属约150种，分布于北半球温和地带，亚洲、欧洲至北美洲有记录，主要种类分布在我国西部和西南部以及日本和朝鲜。我国有44种；云南20种。樱桃是落叶果树中成熟最早的一种，也是一种营养价值很高的水果。我国樱桃栽培已有两千年以上历史，古书《礼记》已有记载，至今全国各地分布甚广。此外观赏用的樱花，属于山樱花和东京樱花两种，在我国各地庭园均有种植，日本十分珍视，作为其国花为全世界知名。
51. 樱属——Cerasus Mill.
Mill. Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4. 28. 1754; Adans. Fam. Pl. 305. 1763; Jussieu Gen. Pl. 340. 1789; Spach. Hist. Nat. Veg. Phan. 1: 423, 1834; Pojark. in Kom. Fl. URSS 10: 547. 1941.——Prunus-Cerasus Weston, Bot. Univ. 1: 224. 1770. ——Cerasophora Necker, Elem. Bot. 1: 71, no. 719. 1790, ——Prunus sect. Cerasus Persoon, Syn. Fl. 2: 34. 1806; Benth. & Hook f. Gen. Pl. 1:60. 1865. ——Cerasus sect. cerasophora DC. ex Ser. in DC. Prodr. 2: 535. 1825. ——Prunus Subgen. Cerasus Focke in Engl. et Prantl. Nat. Fflanzenfam. 3, 3: 54. 1888; Koehne in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 1: 226. 1912.
落叶乔木或灌木；腋芽单生或三个并生，中间为叶芽，两侧为花芽。幼叶在芽中为对折状，后于花开放或与花同时开放；叶有叶柄和脱落的托叶，叶边有锯齿或缺刻状锯齿，叶柄、托叶和锯齿常有腺体。花常数朵着生在伞形、伞房状或短总状花序上，或1-2花生于叶腋内，常有花梗，花序基部有芽鳞宿存或有明显苞片；萼筒钟状或管状，萼片反折或直立开张；花瓣白色或粉红色，先端圆钝、微缺或深裂；雄蕊15-50；雌蕊1枚，花柱和子房有毛或无毛。核果成熟时肉质多汁，不开裂；核球形或卵球形，核面平滑或稍有皱纹。
本属模式种：欧洲酸樱桃 Cerasus vulgaris Mill.
樱属有百余种，分布北半球温和地带，亚洲、欧洲至北美洲均有记录，主要种类分布在我国西部和西南部以及日本和朝鲜，由于分类学者意见不一致，因此种的总数颇有出入，有待深入调查研究。
樱桃是落叶果树中成熟最早的一种，果实中含蛋白质、糖、磷、铁、胡萝卜素及维生素C等都比苹果为多，营养价值很高，除供生食外，宜于加工，制作果酱、果酒、果汁，蜜饯以及罐头等。由于果实不便远送，宜在城市郊区和工矿区栽培，便于供应。花果美丽也适宜作绿化观赏树种。
我国樱桃栽培已有两千年以上历史，古书《礼记》已有记载，主要为中国樱桃，至今全国各地分布甚广。近年引种西洋樱桃，包括欧洲甜樱桃和欧洲酸樱桃，主要产地在华东沿海各省。东北和西北各省高寒地区多栽培毛樱桃。此外供观赏用的樱花，分属于山樱花和东京樱花两种，在我国各地庭园均有种植，日本十分珍视，作为国花，大量培育园艺品种，五颜十色，全世界知名。
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