| 学名(拉丁名) | Artemisia vulgaris var. xizangensis |
| 中文名 | 藏北艾 |
| 拉丁属名 | Artemisia |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
66.北艾（植物分类学报）白蒿、细叶艾（新疆），野艾（青海）图版14：1-9
Artemisia vulgaris Linn. Sp. Pl. 848 1753; Ledeb. Alt. 4: 52. 1833 et Fl. Ross. 2(2): 585. 1844-1846. p. p.; Bess. in Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 51. 1834. incl. var. vul gatissima Bess., var. coarctica Fors. ex Bess. et var. latifolia Fisch. Bess. p. p.; DC. Prodr. 6: 112. 1837; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 446. 1888. p. p., excl. syn.; Ling in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat Peip. 2(10): 524. 1934. p. p., quoad pl. Sinkiang; Poljak. Фл. СССР 26: 438. 1961; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18(3-4): 266. 1965. P. P., quoad p1. Sinkiang; Filat. Фл. Каэах. 9: 86. 1966; Tutin et al. Fl. Europ. 4: 180. 1976. ——A. samamisica Bess. in Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 50. 1834. Pl. Gmel. Jun. ——A. superba Pamp. in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ita.l. n. s. 36: 473. 1930. ——A. obscura Pamp. var. typica Pamp. f. genuina Pamp. l. c. 36: 417. 1930. p. p., quoad pl. Sinkiang.
66a.北艾（原变种）
Artemisia vulgaris Linn. var. vulgaris
多年生草本。主根稍粗，侧根多而细；根状茎稍粗，斜向上或直立，有营养枝。茎少数或单生，高（45-） 60-160厘米，有细纵棱，紫褐色，多少分枝；枝短或略长，斜向上；茎、枝微被短柔毛。叶纸质，上面深绿色，初时疏被蛛丝状薄毛，后稀疏或无毛，背面密被灰白色蛛丝状绒毛；茎下部叶椭圆形或长圆形，二回羽状深裂或全裂，具短柄，花期叶凋谢；中部叶椭圆形、椭圆状卵形或长卵形，长3-10(-15)厘米，宽1.5-6(-10)厘米，一至二回羽状深裂或全裂，每侧有裂片（3-）4-5枚，裂片椭圆状披针形或线状披针形，长3-5厘米，宽1-1.5厘米，先端长渐尖，边缘常有1至数枚深或浅裂齿，中轴具狭翅，基部裂片小，成假托叶状，半抱茎，无叶柄；上部叶小，羽状深裂，裂片披针形或线状披针形，边缘有或无浅裂齿；苞片叶小，3深裂或不分裂，裂片或不分裂的苞片叶线状披针形或披针形，全缘。头状花序长圆形，直径2.5-3(-3.5)毫米，无梗或有极短的梗，基部有小苞叶，在分枝的小枝上排成密穗状花序，而在茎上组成狭窄或略开展的圆锥花序；总苞片3-4层，覆瓦状排列，外层总苞片略短小，卵形，先端尖，背面密被蛛丝状柔毛，边狭膜质，中层总苞片长卵形或长椭圆形，背面被蛛丝状柔毛，边宽膜质，内层总苞片倒卵状椭圆形，半膜质，背面毛少；雌花7-10朵，花冠狭管状，檐部具2裂齿，紫色，花柱伸出花冠外，先端2叉，叉端尖；两性花8-20朵，花冠管状或高脚杯状，檐部紫红色，花药线形，先端附属物尖，长三角形，基部有短尖头或略钝；花柱略比花冠长，先端2叉，花后稍外弯，叉端截形，具长而密的睫毛。瘦果倒卵形或卵形。花果期8-10月。
产陕西（秦岭）、甘肃（西部）、青海、新疆、四川（西部）等省区；陕西（秦岭太白山）及青海分布在海拔2 500米以上地区，甘肃、新疆分布在海拔1 500-2 100米的地区，多生于亚高山地区的草原、森林草原、林缘、谷地、荒坡及路旁等处。蒙古、苏联、欧洲除冰岛及大西洋与地中海中的岛屿外的国家、北美洲的加拿大及美国东部也有。染色体2n=16。模式标本采自西欧。
含挥发油，有光水苏素（psilostachyin C15H20O5）及光水苏素-C(psilostachyin-C. C15H20O4），根含酮类（C14H140）物质，此外还含有生物碱。新疆民间作“艾”（家艾）的代用品，有温气血、逐寒湿、止血、温经、安胎等功效，为妇科常用药；又作牲畜饲料。
66b.藏北艾（变种）北艾、西藏变种（植物分类学报）
Artemisia vulgaris Linn. var. xizangensis Ling et Y. R. Ling in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 18(4): 505 1980; 西藏植物志4: 770. 1985.
与原变种区别在于本变种中部叶近圆形或卵圆形，二回羽状深裂或全裂，裂片椭圆形或长卵形，小裂片披针形。头状花序在茎上组成开展的圆锥花序。
产我国西藏东部（比如、波密）等地。
Herbs perennial, 36-100 cm tall; rhizomes long, slender, stoloniferous. Stems erect, simple, sometimes distally branched, ± flexuous, ± striate, hispid-villous, minutely stipitate glandular. Leaves cauline, slightly reduced upward, abaxially pale green, adaxially green, abaxially hispid-strigose, densely so on veins, adaxially hispid-strigose, both surfaces sparsely minutely stipitate glandular in pits, margin coarsely serrate to serrate, hispid, strigose, or villous-ciliate, midvein prominent abaxially, apex acuminate, mucronate; lowest leaves withered by anthesis (not seen); lower to upper leaves broadly winged petiolate; blade ovate to lanceolate, 3.5-5.5(-10) × 1.5-2.5(-4) cm, base cuneate-rounded to rounded; synflorescence leaves broadly winged shortly petiolate, lanceolate, 1.3-2 × 0.6-0.9 cm, base cuneate, margin 3-6-serrate, slightly resinous. Capitula 16 or more in terminal corymbiform synflorescences, ca. 1.5 cm in diam.; peduncles 7-15 mm or longer, densely hispid-strigose, minutely stipitate glandular, resinous; bracts lanceolate, entire. Involucres campanulate, (4-)5-5.2 × ca. 5 mm; phyllaries 4-seriate, unequal, green apically, abaxially distally villosulous and minutely stipitate glandular, margin scarious, erose, moderately to densely villous-ciliate, midvein more pronounced distally, ± translucent, apex acute to rounded, villous-ciliate; outer phyllaries narrowly ovate, 1.5-2 × ca. 0.8 mm; inner phyllaries oblong, 3-6 × 1.8-1.2 mm, base hardened. Ray florets 10-14 or more, purple, tube apex and lamina base strigose, lamina 6-7(-9) × 1-1.5 mm, eglandular; disk florets yellow, (4-)5 mm, tube base flared, tube apex and proximal limb hairy, minutely stipitate glandular, limb campanulate, ca. 3.2 mm, lobes spreading, narrowly triangular, curved, ca. 1.5 mm, apically sparsely hairy, moderately to densely minutely stipitate glandular. Achenes (immature) oblong, slightly compressed, 2-3 mm, sparsely strigillose, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular, 2-ribbed (± translucent). Pappus 4-seriate, ± reddish; outermost bristles few, slender, 0.5-0.6 mm; outer bristles slender, 2-2.3 mm; inner bristles few, ca. 3 mm, acute; innermost bristles ca. 4 mm, weakly clavate. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Shaded places in valleys of low mountains or canal banks; 800-1600 m. Anhui, Henan, NW Hubei, S Shaanxi, Sichuan.
标本份数
KUN官网