| 学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis |
| 中文名 | 香青属 |
| 命名人 | DC. |
| 中文科名 | 菊科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Compositae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis |
| 中文名 | 香青属 |
| 中文科名 | 菊科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Compositae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis |
| 中文名 | 香青属 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis |
| 中文名 | 香青属 |
| 中文科名 | 菊科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
| 1 | 总苞倒卵圆状；总苞片浅褐色，薄膜质，透明，直立或顶端内曲；雄花冠毛上部几不粗厚，不宽扁。一或二年生草本，有直根，被长粘毛；叶沿茎下延成翅状。 | 拟鼠麴亚属 Subgen. Gnaphaliops |
| 1 | 总苞钟状，半球状或球状；总苞片白色、黄色或带红色，通常干膜质，不透明，在花期外曲或开展；雄花冠毛向上渐粗厚或宽扁。多年生草本或亚灌木，有根状茎，被棉毛，粃糠状毛或腺毛，稀二年生草本。 (2) | 香青亚属 Subgen. Anaphalis |
| 2 | 头状花序多数密集成复伞房状，稀数个密集成伞房状；总苞钟状稀半球状，长4-8毫米；总苞片顶端钝或稍尖。 (3) | 珠光组 Sect. Margaripes |
| 2 | 头状花序通常少数，排列成疏散伞房状或密集成团球状，或单生，总苞球状或半球状，长8-12或达15毫米；总苞片顶端尖或极尖。 (9) | 球苞组 Sect. Anaphalis |
| 3 | 二年生(?)草本，有直根；叶沿茎下延；总苞长4-5毫米。 | 蛛毛系 Ser. Busuae |
| 3 | 多年生草本或亚灌木，有细或粗壮的根状茎；总苞长4-8毫米。 (4) | |
| 4 | 叶不或几不沿茎下延，或有半抱茎的小耳；茎常有分枝或发育的腋芽，下部木质。 (5) | |
| 4 | 叶沿茎下延成宽或狭翅。 (6) | |
| 5 | 茎稍有分枝或常不分枝。 | 珠光系 Ser. Margaripes |
| 5 | 茎多次分枝。 | 帚枝系 Ser. Virgatae |
| 6 | 茎多分枝且有发育的腋芽；二年枝木质。 | 亚灌木系 Ser. Suffruticosae |
| 6 | 茎不分枝或分枝，草质或下部木质，或有粗壮木质的根状茎。 (7) | |
| 7 | 根状茎粗壮，木质；下部叶在花期常生存。 | 木根系 Ser. Xylorhizae |
| 7 | 根状茎较细，多少木质，有匍枝，或极粗壮，木质；下部叶在花期枯萎或凋落。 (8) | |
| 8 | 叶向茎上部渐小，且渐疏生。 | 香青系 Ser. Sinicae Ling |
| 8 | 叶向茎上部渐大，且常在花序周围密集成放射状。 | 锐叶系 Ser. Oxyphyllae |
| 9 | 根状茎粗壮，木质；花茎与不育茎或莲座状叶丛常密集成垫状；总苞球状。 | 污毛系 Ser. Pannosae |
| 9 | 根状茎细长，草质或稍木质，常有匍枝；茎疏散丛生，有时多少垫状。 (10) | |
| 10 | 叶沿茎下延成翅状；总苞半球状或有时倒锥状。 | 淡黄系 Ser. Flavescentes |
| 10 | 叶不或几不沿茎下延；总苞球状。 | 球苞系 Ser. Nepalenses |
| 1 | Involucre 8-12(-15) mm, spherical or broadly campanulate; capitula usually few, arranged in sparse to compound corymbiform synflorescences, or sometimes solitary | (2) |
| 1 + | Involucre 4-8 mm, obovate, campanulate, or semispherical; phyllaries obtuse or rounded at apex, rarely acuminate, usually expanding after flowering; capitula usually numerous, rarely few, congested to compound corymbiform or corymbiform at apex of stems or branches | (11) |
| 2 (1) | Leaves not decurrent on stems; involucre spherical, capitula usually lax | (3) |
| 2 (1) + | Leaves somewhat decurrent and winglike on stems; capitula densely congested forming globose corymbs, or solitary | (6) |
| 3 (2) | Rhizome thickish; cauline middle leaves linear-lanceolate, cinereous or yellowish lanate; capitula congested, densely corymbiform. (54) | A. acutifolia |
| 3 (2) + | Rhizome slender, sarmentose; cauline leaves oblong, oblanceolate, or spatulate; capitula usually lax corymbiform or solitary | (4) |
| 4 (3) | Phyllaries white or yellowish white, base reddish brown; both surfaces of leaves gray lanate; Taiwan. (53) | A. nagasawae |
| 4 (3) + | Phyllaries white, base dark brown; leaves adaxially arachnoid, abaxially densely gray lanate | (5) |
| 5 (4) | Stems slender, lower parts 1-2 mm in diam.; leaf base not obviously amplexicaul, 3-veined, occasionally 1-veined; capitula few (or many) or solitary. (51) | A. nepalensis |
| 5 (4) + | Stems thickish, lower parts up to 4 mm in diam.; leaves broad and large, base amplexicaul, 3- or 5-veined. (52) | A. triplinervis |
| 6 (2) | Perennial herbs, rhizome slender; involucre broadly campanulate or semispherical, 8-11 mm | (7) |
| 6 (2) + | Small or pulvinate subshrubs; involucre spherical | (8) |
| 7 (6) | Phyllaries yellowish white, yellow, or sulfureous, rarely reddish; leaves gray or yellowish white arachnoid tomentose on both surfaces. (49) | A. flavescens |
| 7 (6) + | Phyllaries white; leaves somewhat green, both surfaces with capitate glandular hairs and canescent arachnoid tomentum on margin. (50) | A. hancockii |
| 8 (6) | Stems and both surfaces of leaves grayish, tangled-cottony, felty-papery tomentose. (45) | A. chlamydophylla |
| 8 (6) + | Stems and both surfaces of leaves usually without above indumentum | (9) |
| 9 (8) | Stems and both surfaces of leaves yellowish brown long lanate; phyllaries wax-yellow or dark yellow; stems 6-20 cm. (46) | A. pannosa |
| 9 (8) + | Stems and both surfaces of leaves yellowish or grayish white lanate; stems 3-8 cm or acaulescent | (10) |
| 10 (9) | Both surfaces of leaves yellowish green, grayish white, or yellowish white tomentose; phyllaries white or yellowish white, base brown. (48) | A. viridis |
| 10 (9) + | Both surfaces of leaves cinereous or grayish white lanate; phyllaries white, base dark brown. (47) | A. cinerascens |
| 11 (1) | Leaves not or scarcely decurrent on stems | (12) |
| 11 (1) + | Leaves decurrent to broadly or narrowly winged on stems | (21) |
| 12 (11) | Leaf base cordate or auriculate, semiamplexicaul, margin recurved, thin or submembranous | (13) |
| 12 (11) + | Leaf base attenuate, not obviously amplexicaul, margin flat or recurved, thick | (14) |
| 13 (12) | Plants tall, stems thickish, lower parts 2-4 mm in diam.; leaves large, 1.5-6 cm, arachnoid or glabrous adaxially. (8) | A. contorta |
| 13 (12) + | Plants short, stems slender, lower parts ca. 1 mm in diam.; leaves 0.5-1.5 cm, lanate on both surfaces. (9) | A. hondae |
| 14 (12) | Multibranched subshrubs, usually fastigiate; leaves narrowly linear, margin recurved, densely white tomentose on both surfaces. (10) | A. virgata |
| 14 (12) + | Perennial herbs, or stem base woody, or subshrubs, unbranched or branched but not fastigiate; leaves not linear, margin flat or recurved | (15) |
| 15 (14) | Leaves gradually larger upward from middle, densely arranged to radiate under synflorescences, usually longer than compound corymb or corymb | (16) |
| 15 (14) + | Leaves gradually smaller upward from middle, not dense under synflorescences, upper ones shorter than compound corymb or corymb | (17) |
| 16 (15) | Upper leaves elliptic, apex acuminate; phyllaries white. (32) | A. oxyphylla |
| 16 (15) + | Upper leaves oblong-lanceolate, apex acute; phyllaries purple-red or margin white. (33) | A. porphyrolepis |
| 17 (15) | Stems gray tangled papery tomentose; leaves white cottony tomentose. (7) | A. contortiformis |
| 17 (15) + | Stems gray tomentose; leaves arachnoid or later glabrous adaxially, densely gray to rufous tomentose abaxially, or both surfaces white tomentose | (18) |
| 18 (17) | Leaves densely white tomentose, 0.8-1 cm, margin recurved; middle phyllaries with longitudinal corrugation, apex rounded. (6) | A. plicata |
| 18 (17) + | Leaves arachnoid or later glabrous adaxially, densely gray to rufous tomentose abaxially, 1.5-10 cm; middle phyllaries without longitudinal corrugation | (19) |
| 19 (18) | Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 5-10 cm, margin flat, base not decurrent on stems; phyllaries milky white, apex obtuse or rounded, rarely acuminate. (3) | A. margaritacea |
| 19 (18) + | Leaves usually linear or linear-oblong, 1.5-3.5 cm, base slightly decurrent on stems; phyllaries snow white or yellowish white | (20) |
| 20 (19) | Involucre 5-7 mm, phyllaries snow white; Xizang. (4) | A. royleana |
| 20 (19) + | Involucre ca. 5 mm, phyllaries yellowish white; Taiwan. (5) | A. morrisonicola |
| 21 (11) | Stems, leaves, and involucre base with rust-colored stalked adhesive hairs; involucre obovate, phyllaries beige, membranous, translucent, not expanding. (1) | A. bulleyana |
| 21 (11) + | Stems, leaves, and involucre base gray, white, or yellowish brown lanate, with squarrose or capitate-stalked glandular hairs, or arachnoid, or somewhat glabrous; involucre campanulate or semispherical, phyllaries white or reddish, usually scarious, opaque, rarely membranous, somewhat expanding | (22) |
| 22 (21) | Biennial herbs with thickish taproot. (2) | A. busua |
| 22 (21) + | Perennial herbs with rhizome, or multibranched subshrubs or small subshrubs | (23) |
| 23 (22) | Both surfaces of leaves arachnoid at first, later glabrous except midvein and margin, without glandular hairs, dark green when dry; perennial herbs. (11) | A. delavayi |
| 23 (22) + | Both surfaces of leaves or only abaxially tomentose, or both surfaces or adaxially with squarrose or capitate-stalked glandular hairs, or adaxially glabrous and green when dry; subshrubs or perennial herbs | (24) |
| 24 (23) | Subshrubs or small subshrubs, stems multibranched | (25) |
| 24 (23) + | Perennial herbs with rhizome, sometimes with taproot, stems unbranched or lower part woody and with developing axillary buds or short branches | (29) |
| 25 (24) | Involucre 6-8 mm, broadly campanulate; both surfaces of leaves arachnoid tomentose or adaxially glabrous | (26) |
| 25 (24) + | Involucre 4-5 mm, narrowly campanulate or campanulate, very rarely up to 6 mm in male plants; leaves tomentose or adaxially glandular or squarrose tomentose | (27) |
| 26 (25) | Phyllaries dark yellow or adaxially wax-yellow; leaves spatulate or oblong-spatulate, margin flat, both surfaces tomentose. (34) | A. yunnanensis |
| 26 (25) + | Phyllaries white or pale reddish white; leaves obovate or ovate-oblong, adaxially arachnoid tomentose or glabrous, abaxially tomentose. (35) | A. muliensis |
| 27 (25) | Leaves spatulate-obovate; phyllaries white or pale red. (36) | A. suffruticosa |
| 27 (25) + | Leaves narrower, not spatulate-obovate; phyllaries white | (28) |
| 28 (27) | Leaves narrowly oblong or linear-oblong, both surfaces arachnoid tomentose or abaxially densely white or yellowish white tomentose. (37) | A. stenocephala |
| 28 (27) + | Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, adaxially arachnoid or capitate glandular or squarrose tomentose, abaxially densely gray tomentose. (38) | A. gracilis |
| 29 (24) | Phyllary claw with glandular dots at apex; both surfaces of leaves gray or yellowish white tomentose, or only with capitate-stalked glandular hairs. (12) | A. latialata |
| 29 (24) + | Phyllary claw without glandular dots at apex | (30) |
| 30 (29) | Stem slender, 1-2 mm in diam., densely many clustered; leaves narrowly linear, margin undulate recurved. (29) | A. tibetica |
| 30 (29) + | Stems slender or thickish, not densely many clustered; leaf margin flat or slightly reflexed or recurved and blade not narrowly linear | (31) |
| 31 (30) | Leaves adaxially at first arachnoid, later glabrous, without glandular hairs, or with appressed thick hairs, abaxially usually white tomentose | (32) |
| 31 (30) + | Leaves adaxially with lanate or squarrose or capitate-stalked glandular hairs, not glabrous | (34) |
| 32 (31) | Involucre 4-5 mm, campanulate; leaves 3-veined. (27) | A. corymbifera |
| 32 (31) + | Involucre 6-8 mm, broadly or narrowly campanulate; leaves 1- or 3-veined | (33) |
| 33 (32) | Middle leaves oblong-lanceolate, 2-3 × 0.4-1 cm, margin usually reflexed or slightly recurved, obviously 3-veined. (15) | A. likiangensis |
| 33 (32) + | Leaves oblanceolate or narrowly winged, 0.4-1.3 × 0.2-0.25 cm, margin flat, 1-veined. (16) | A. tenuissima |
| 34 (31) | Phyllaries scarious at upper parts or apex, white, opaque, middle and lower parts membranous, somewhat transparent, apex obtuse or slightly acuminate | (35) |
| 34 (31) + | Phyllaries all scarious, opaque | (36) |
| 35 (34) | Leaves oblanceolate or linear-oblong, 2.5-4.5 × 0.5-2 cm; involucre 6-7 mm. (14) | A. hymenolepis |
| 35 (34) + | Leaves linear-spatulate, 2.5-5 × 0.2-0.5 cm; involucre 4-5 mm. (26) | A. flaccida |
| 36 (34) | Stems 50-100 cm, lower parts woody, persistent, usually with developing axillary buds or branches. (30) | A. surculosa |
| 36 (34) + | Stems 3-50 cm, herbaceous, unbranched, rarely lower parts slightly woody, with developing axillary buds or branches | (37) |
| 37 (36) | Both surfaces of leaves tangled to cottony-papery tomentose; phyllaries wax-yellow when dry. (28) | A. pachylaena |
| 37 (36) + | Both surfaces of leaves or abaxially white, gray, or yellowish white tomentose or arachnoid, or adaxially with squarrose or capitate-stalked glandular hairs | (38) |
| 38 (37) | Plants with thickish woody roots or rhizome; stems unbranched | (39) |
| 38 (37) + | Plants with long slender rhizome | (46) |
| 39 (38) | Both surfaces of leaves white, gray, or cinereous tomentose, without obvious capitate glandular hairs | (40) |
| 39 (38) + | Both surfaces of leaves with obvious capitate glandular hairs or arachnoid, or margin and abaxially or rosette leaves tomentose | (43) |
| 40 (39) | Involucre ca. 5 mm, phyllaries white, apex obtuse or subrounded. (43) | A. szechuanensis |
| 40 (39) + | Involucre 6-8 mm, rarely only ca. 5 mm, phyllaries white, reddish, or red-purple | (41) |
| 41 (40) | Phyllaries purple-red or white, usually yellowish white when dry, inner ones with apex acute; leaves cinereous tomentose; flowering and sterile stems congested to pulvinate. (42) | A. rhododactyla |
| 41 (40) + | Phyllaries milky white or somewhat red, apex obtuse or rounded; leaves densely white or gray tomentose; flowering stems and rosette leaves usually caespitose | (42) |
| 42 (41) | Involucre (5-)6(-7) × 5-7 mm; capitula numerous, densely compound corymbiform. (39) | A. lactea |
| 42 (41) + | Involucre ca. 7 × 8 mm; capitula 4-8, densely corymbiform or headlike. (40) | A. batangensis |
| 43 (39) | Leaves (dried) thin, yellowish green, cauline leaves with glandular hairs, only arachnoid along veins; phyllaries yellowish white, apex obtuse or rounded. (18) | A. virens |
| 43 (39) + | Leaves thick, both surfaces with arachnoid and glandular hairs; phyllaries white or sometimes pale red | (44) |
| 44 (43) | Stems 3-7 cm, rarely taller; flowering stems and rosette leaves somewhat congested to pulvinate. (44) | A. xylorhiza |
| 44 (43) + | Stems 15-50 cm, rarely shorter; flowering stems and rosette leaves somewhat clustered | (45) |
| 45 (44) | Lower stems woody, persistent; middle leaves elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, margin and midvein abaxially arachnoid tomentose; involucre 6-7 mm, phyllaries ivory white or somewhat reddish. (19) | A. elegans |
| 45 (44) + | Stems herbaceous; middle leaves oblanceolate-oblong or linear, both surfaces arachnoid tomentose; involucre 5-7 mm, phyllaries white. (41) | A. souliei |
| 46 (38) | Lower stem slightly woody, with tomentose axillary buds or short branches; leaves adaxially arachnoid, later glabrous, abaxially thinly arachnoid tomentose and glandular, upper leaves usually tomentose on both surfaces. (17) | A. deserti |
| 46 (38) + | Stems unbranched, or sometimes branched from broken stems; leaves adaxially tomentose, or with squarrose or glandular hairs | (47) |
| 47 (46) | Involucre 6-8 mm; both surfaces of leaves gray, yellowish white, or rarely yellowish brown tomentose or lanate | (48) |
| 47 (46) + | Involucre 4-5 mm or to 6 mm; both surfaces of leaves or abaxially white or gray tomentose | (50) |
| 48 (47) | Both surfaces of leaves gray tomentose, or upper stems and leaves fulvous tomentose. (13) | A. bicolor |
| 48 (47) + | Both surfaces of leaves yellowish white lanate or arachnoid lanate, 3-veined | (49) |
| 49 (48) | Leaves lingulate or linear-oblong, gradually smaller upward. (20) | A. chungtienensis |
| 49 (48) + | Leaves oblanceolate, gradually larger upward. (31) | A. larium |
| 50 (47) | Both surfaces of leaves dark cinereous, densely tomentose and with capitate glandular hairs | (51) |
| 50 (47) + | Leaves adaxially with squarrose or capitate glandular hairs, abaxially or both surfaces white or gray tomentose | (52) |
| 51 (50) | Leaves obovate or oblanceolate-spatulate; capitula numerous, congested in compound corymb. (22) | A. spodiophylla |
| 51 (50) + | Leaves broadly elliptic or subrounded; capitula few, arranged in compound corymb. (23) | A. yangii |
| 52 (50) | Involucre semispherical; stems 10-18 cm; Taiwan. (24) | A. transnokoensis |
| 52 (50) + | Involucre campanulate or subobconic; stems 20-60 cm | (53) |
| 53 (52) | Involucre 4-5 mm, phyllaries white or sometimes pale red; stems densely leafy, internode 0.5-2 cm; leaves 1- or 3-veined. (21) | A. sinica |
| 53 (52) + | Involucre 5-6 mm or more, phyllaries white or yellowish white; upper stems sparsely leafy, internode 4-10 cm; leaves 3- or 5-veined. (25) | A. aureopunctata |
多年生草本，稀一或二年生草本或亚灌木，植株通常被白色或灰白色绵毛或蛛丝状毛，有时被腺毛。单叶互生，叶片长圆形、披针形至线形，全缘。头状花序通常多数排列成伞房状或复伞房状花序，稀少数或极稀单生，雌雄异株或同株，各有多数同型或异型的小花，即外围有多数雌花而中央有少数至1个雄花，或者外围有少数雌花或无雌花而中央有多数雄花；总苞钟形、半球形或球形，稀倒卵形或圆筒形；总苞片多层，覆瓦状排列，直立或开展，具1脉，上部通常干膜质，白色、黄白色或稀粉红色、紫红色，下部褐色或暗褐色；花序托蜂窝状，无托片。雌花花冠毛管状，基部稍膨大，先端有2-4细齿，花柱纤细，具2个长分枝，先端近圆形，结实；雄花花冠管状，冠檐钟形或漏斗状，先端5裂片，冠管细长，花药基部箭形，具细长的尾部，花柱2浅裂，先端截形，不结实。瘦果长圆形或圆柱形，稀倒卵形，被微毛、小腺毛或无毛，或具小乳突；冠毛1层，白色，与花冠近等长，有多数分离且易脱落的毛，雌花的冠毛丝状，有微齿，雄花的冠毛向上渐增粗或宽扁，有小锯齿。80多种，主产亚洲热带和亚热带地区，少数产于北美、欧洲。我国约50种，大多分布于西部和西南部。云南有28种6变种。
52. 香青属——Anaphalis DC.
DC., Prodr. 6: 271. 1837; Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Pl. 2: 303. 1873; Hoffm. in Engl. et Prantl., Pflanzenf. 4, 5: 186. 1894.——Gnaphalium L., Sp. Pl. 849. 1753, p. p. ——Antennaria Gaertn., Brown, Comp. 122. 1817, p. p.
多年稀一或二年生草本，或亚灌木，被白色或灰白色棉毛或腺毛。叶互生，全缘，线形、长圆形或披针形。头状花序常多数排列成伞房或复伞房花序，稀有少数或单生，近雌雄异株或同株，各有多数同型或异型的花，即外围有多层雌花而中央有少数或1个雄花即两性不育花，或中央有多层雄花而外围有少数雌花或无雌花，仅雌花结果实。总苞钟状、半球状或球状；总苞片多层，覆瓦状排列，直立或开展，下部常褐色，有1脉，上部常干膜质，白色、黄白色稀红色。花托蜂窝状，无托片。雄花花冠管状，上部钟状，有5裂片；花药基部箭头形，有细长尾部；花柱二浅裂，顶端截形。雌花花冠细丝状，基部稍膨大，上端有2-4个细齿；花柱分枝长，顶端近圆形。冠毛1层，白色，约与花冠等长，有多数分离而易散落的毛，在雄花向上部渐粗厚或宽扁，有锯齿，在雌花细丝状，有微齿。瘦果长圆形或近圆柱形，有腺或乳头状突起，或近无毛。
属的模式：尼泊尔香青 A. nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand.-Mazz.
本属有80余种，主要分布于亚洲热带和亚热带，少数分布于温带及北美和欧洲。我国有50余种，主要集中于西部及西南部。
此属曾经合并于鼠麴草属 Gnaphalium L. 它与后者无疑有密切的亲缘关系，主要以两性花不育为区别。通常近雌雄异株，极少近雌雄同株。在近雌雄异株的种，头状花序呈现性的异形的现象，雄株的总苞片较宽大，顶端较钝或较圆形，且具较少数的花，与雌株较尖的总苞片显然不同。总苞片从外层到内层渐宽长，但最内的一层较短狭，隐没于总苞中。所以在种的记载中，将最内层分开描述。总苞片的下部称爪部，是总苞片本身有绿色中脉；上部是总苞片的附片，通常干膜质。花托蜂窝状，窝孔边缘平或有繸状突起或短毛，稀为膜片状。花冠在雌花和雄花常不等长，在种的记载中只指出一般长度；花冠裂片都具小腺体，在种的记载中都省略；雌花冠毛都是细丝状而有微齿，在种的记载中也不分别叙述。在同一个种中，头状花序的多少，随着伞房状分枝的多少而有极大的差异，所以在种的记载中只指出头状花序下的花序梗的长短，而不叙述总花序梗的形状。在绝大部分的种，在棉毛下常隐藏有腺毛，在种的记载中一般也不述及。
香青属大部分的种全株被厚密的棉毛，可供引火用，常被误认为“火艾”；少数种有芳香，可作为薰香料或芳香剂的原料，常被误称为“零陵香”、“香薷棉”。少数种是民间草药，嫩茎有时也供食用。此属在近人的一些著作中，常被称为“籁萧”、“萩”“铜钱花”、“清明菜”、“通肠香”、“狐狸毛”等等，其中大都是误用的。所以在此仍以香青*为本属的属名。但此名称在一些地区也用作松柏类的翠柏的别名，应该注意以免引起误会。
* 依据《中国种子植物科属检索表》及《中国植物科属辞典》。
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