学名(拉丁名) | Alseodaphne hainanensis |
中文名 | 油丹 |
命名人 | Merr. |
中文科名 | 樟科 |
拉丁属名 | Alseodaphne |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lauraceae |
中文属名 | 油丹属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Alseodaphne hainanensis |
命名人 | Merr. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Alseodaphne |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lauraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Alseodaphne hainanensis |
命名人 | Merr. |
发表年份 | 1934(年) |
拉丁属名 | Alseodaphne |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lauraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Alseodaphne hainanensis |
中文名 | 油丹 |
拉丁属名 | Alseodaphne |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lauraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Alseodaphne hainanensis |
中文名 | 油丹 |
中文科名 | 樟科 |
拉丁属名 | Alseodaphne |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lauraceae |
中文属名 | 油丹属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Alseodaphne hainanensis |
发表年份 | 1934(年) |
拉丁属名 | Alseodaphne |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lauraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Alseodaphne hainanensis |
拉丁属名 | Alseodaphne |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lauraceae |
Trees, up to 25 m tall, to 30 cm d.b.h., all except young parts glabrous. Branchlets and young branchlets terete, smallest ones ca. 2 mm in diam., all gray, with few suborbicular leaf scars; young ones with many clustered scale scars at base. Terminal buds small, gray- or rusty sericeous. Leaves many, clustered at apex of branchlet; petiole robust, 1-1.5 cm, concave-convex; leaf blade green-white and opaque abaxially, shiny adaxially, narrowly elliptic, 6-10(-16) × 1.5-3.2(-4.2) cm, leathery, shallowly foveolate adaxially, lateral veins 12-17 pairs, slender, slightly conspicuous on both surfaces, arcuately interconnected at ends, base acute, margin revolute, apex rounded. Panicle axillary on upper part of branchlet, 3.5-8(-12) cm, glabrous, black when dry, few branched; peduncle elongate, as pedicel subfleshy. Pedicel slender, 3-8 mm, dilated in fruit, not verrucose. Perianth lobes slightly fleshy, oblong, ca. 4 × 2 mm, slightly acute at apex, glabrous outside, white sericeous inside. Fertile stamens ca. 2.5 mm, pilose; filaments of 3rd whorl each with 2 stalked glands; anthers ellipsoid-square, obtuse at apex, as long as filaments, 4-celled; cells introrse in 1st and 2nd whorls, upper 2 cells lateral and lower 2 cells extrorse in 3rd whorl. Staminodes conspicuous, sagittate, stalked. Ovary ovoid; style slender; stigma inconspicuous. Fruit green when fresh but black when dry, globose or ovoid, 1.2-2 cm, wrinkled. Fl. Jul, fr. Oct-Feb of next year.
Valleys, forests; 1400-1700 m. Hainan [N Vietnam].
The wood is finely grained, heavy, and durable.
The wood is finely grained, heavy, and durable.
4.油丹(海南植物志)黄丹、三次香、黄丹公(广东海南).硬壳果,海南峨眉楠 图版18:7
Alseodaphne hainanensis Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 13: 57. 1934; Tanaka et Odashima in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 10: 366. 1938; 海南植物志1: 265. 1964; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 822. 图1643. 1972; Kosterm. in Caridollea 28:111, tab. 1-9. 1973.
乔木,高达25米,胸径达30厘米,除幼嫩部分外全体无毛。枝及幼枝圆柱形,最小枝条直径2毫米,灰白色,有少数近圆形的叶痕,幼枝基部有多数密集的鳞片痕。顶芽小,有灰色或锈色绢毛。叶多数,聚集于枝顶,长椭圆形,长6-10(16)厘米,宽1.5-3.2 (4-2)厘米,先端圆形,基部急尖,革质,上面光亮,有蜂巢状浅窝穴,下面带绿白色,晦暗,边缘反卷,中脉在上面下陷下面明显凸起,侧脉12-17对,纤细,两面略明显,末端弧状网结,叶柄粗壮,长1-1.5厘米,腹凹背凸。圆锥花序生于枝条上部叶腋内,长3.5-8(10-12)厘米,无毛,干时黑色,少分枝;总梗伸长,与花梗近肉质;花梗纤细,长3-8毫米,果时增粗。花被裂片稍肉质,长圆形,长约4毫米,宽约2毫米,先端微急尖,外面无毛,内面被白色绢毛。能育雄蕊长约2.5毫米,被疏柔毛,花药椭圆状四方形,钝头,与花丝等长,第一、二轮雄蕊花药药室内向,第三轮雄蕊花药上2药室侧向下2药室外向,其花丝基部有一对具柄腺体。退化雄蕊明显,箭头形,具柄。子房卵珠形,花柱纤细,柱头不明显。果球形或卵形,鲜时绿色,干时黑色,直径1.5-2.5厘米;果梗鲜时肉质,干后黑色,长1.2-2厘米,有皱纹。花期7月,果期10月至翌年2月。
产广东海南。生于林谷或密林中,海拔1400-1700米。越南北部也有。
本种木材纹理通直,结构细致均匀,材质稍硬而重,具韧性,加工容易,干燥后不开裂,亦不变形,含油或粘液很丰富,色泽油润,极能耐腐,有香气,干燥后则香味稍减,纵切面具光泽,颇美观,故其木材适用面很广,特别适用于耐腐而韧的用途,如作水工、造船、桥梁、枕木、桩木等,用作矿柱、车辆、建筑、家具、农具以及其他细工用材亦佳。
Alseodaphne hainanensis | |||
Family Name: | Lauraceae | Genera name: | Alseodaphne |
Species name: | hainanensis | Genera status: | |
NLR: | Comments: | ||
|
Sample Name: | Tuantian | Formation: | Mangbang |
Age: | Epoch (to): | Pliocene~ | |
Stage: | ~ | Contributer: | |
Ecology: | Climate: | ||
|
locality name: | Tuantian | Province/State: | Yunnan |
Continents: | county: | Tengchong | |
country: | China | longitude-decimal degrees: | 98.63 |
latitude-decimal degrees: | 24.7 | elevation [m]: | |
Notes: | 1349 |
Phanerozoic |
Proterozoic |
Archean |
Hadean (informal) |
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Cenozoic |
Mesozoic |
Paleozoic |
Neoproterozoic |
Mesoproterozoic |
Paleoproterozoic |
Neoarchean |
Mesoarchean |
Paleoarchean |
Eoarchean |
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Quaternary |
Neogene |
Paleogene |
Cretaceous |
Jurassic |
Triassic |
Permian |
Carboniferous |
Devonian |
Silurian |
Ordovician |
Cambrian |
Ediacaran |
Cryogenian |
Tonian |
Stenian |
Ectasian |
Calymmian |
Statherian |
Orosirian |
Rhyacian |
Siderian |
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Holocene |
Pleistocene |
Pliocene |
Miocene |
Oligocene |
Eocene |
Paleocene |
Upper |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Lopingian |
Guadalupian |
Cisuralian |
Pennsylvanian-Upper |
Pennsylvanian-Middle |
Pennsylvanian-Lower |
Mississippian-Upper |
Mississippian-Middle |
Mississippian-Lower |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Pridoli |
Ludlow |
Wenlock |
Llandovery |
Upper |
Middle |
Lower |
Furongian |
Series 3 |
Series 2 |
Terreneuvian |
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Upper |
"lonia" |
Calabrian |
Gelasian |
Piacenzian |
Zanclean |
Messinian |
Tortonian |
Serravallian |
Langhian |
Burdigalian |
Chattian |
Aquitanian |
Rupelian |
Priabonian |
Bartonian |
Lutetian |
Ypresian |
Thanetian |
Selandian |
Danian |
Maastrichtian |
Campanian |
Santonian |
Coniacian |
Turonian |
Cenomanian |
Albian |
Aptian |
Barremian |
Hauterivian |
Valanginian |
Berriasian |
Tithonian |
Kimmeridgian |
Oxfordian |
Callovian |
Bathonian |
Bajocian |
Aalenian |
Toarcian |
Pliensbachian |
Sinemurian |
Hettangian |
Rhaetian |
Norian |
Carnian |
Ladinian |
Anisian |
Olenekian |
Induan |
Changhsingian |
Wuchiapingian |
Capitanian |
Wordian |
Roadian |
Kungurian |
Artinskian |
Sakmarian |
Asselian |
Gzhelian |
Kasimovian |
Moscovian |
Bashkirian |
Serpukhovian |
Visean |
Tournaisian |
Famennian |
Frasnian |
Givetian |
Eifelian |
Emsian |
Pragian |
Lochkovian |
Ludfordian |
Gorstian |
Homerian |
Sheinwoodian |
Telychian |
Aeronian |
Rhuddanian |
Hirnantian |
Katian |
Sandbian |
Darriwilian |
Dapingian |
Floian |
Tremadocian |
Stage 10 |
Stage 9 |
Paibian |
Guzhangian |
Drumian |
Stage 5 |
Stage 4 |
Stage 3 |
Stage 2 |
Fortunian |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |
显生宇 |
元古宇 |
太古宇 |
冥古宇 (非正式) |
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新生界 |
中生界 |
古生界 |
新元古界 |
中元古界 |
古元古界 |
新太古界 |
中太古界 |
古太古界 |
始太古界 |
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第四系 |
新近系 |
古近系 |
白垩系 |
侏罗系 |
三叠系 |
三叠系 |
石炭系 |
泥盆系 |
志留系 |
奥陶系 |
寒武系 |
埃迪卡拉系 |
成冰系 |
拉伸系 |
狭带系 |
延展系 |
盖层系 |
固结系 |
造山系 |
层侵系 |
成铁系 |
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全新统 |
更新统 |
上新统 |
中新统 |
渐新统 |
始新统 |
古新统 |
上白垩统 |
下白垩统 |
上侏罗统 |
中侏罗统 |
下侏罗统 |
上三叠统 |
中三叠统 |
下三叠统 |
乐平统 |
瓜德鲁普统 |
乌拉尔统 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-上 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-中 |
宾夕法尼亚亚系-下 |
密西西比亚系-上 |
密西西比亚系-中 |
密西西比亚系-下 |
上泥盆统 |
中泥盆统 |
下泥盆统 |
普里道利统 |
罗德洛统 |
文洛克统 |
兰多维列统 |
上奥陶统 |
中奥陶统 |
下奥陶统 |
芙蓉统 |
第三统 |
第二统 |
纽芬兰统 |
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上更新统 |
“伊奥尼雅阶” |
卡拉布里雅阶 |
格拉斯阶 |
皮亚琴察阶 |
赞克尔阶 |
梅辛阶 |
托尔通阶 |
塞拉瓦尔阶 |
兰哥阶 |
布尔迪加尔阶 |
阿启坦阶 |
夏特阶 |
鲁培尔阶 |
普利亚本阶 |
巴尔通阶 |
鲁帝特阶 |
伊普里斯阶 |
坦尼特阶 |
赛兰特阶 |
丹尼阶 |
马斯特里赫特阶 |
坎潘阶 |
三冬阶 |
康尼亚克阶 |
土伦阶 |
赛诺曼阶 |
阿尔布阶 |
阿普特阶 |
巴雷姆阶 |
欧特里夫阶 |
凡兰吟阶 |
贝利阿斯阶 |
提塘阶 |
基末利阶 |
牛津阶 |
卡洛夫阶 |
巴通阶 |
巴柔阶 |
阿林阶 |
土阿辛阶 |
普林斯巴阶 |
辛涅缪尔阶 |
赫塘阶 |
瑞替阶 |
诺利阶 |
卡尼阶 |
拉丁阶 |
安尼阶 |
奥伦尼克阶 |
印度阶 |
长兴阶 |
吴家坪阶 |
卡匹敦阶 |
沃德阶 |
罗德阶 |
空谷阶 |
亚丁斯克阶 |
萨克马尔阶 |
阿瑟尔阶 |
格舍尔阶 |
卡西莫夫阶 |
莫斯科阶 |
巴什基尔阶 |
谢尔普霍夫阶 |
维宪阶 |
杜内阶 |
法门阶 |
弗拉阶 |
吉维特阶 |
艾菲尔阶 |
埃姆斯阶 |
布拉格阶 |
洛霍考夫阶 |
卢德福特阶 |
高斯特阶 |
侯墨阶 |
申伍德阶 |
特列奇阶 |
埃隆阶 |
鲁丹阶 |
赫南特阶 |
凯迪阶 |
桑比阶 |
达瑞威尔阶 |
大坪阶 |
弗洛阶 |
特马豆克阶 |
第十阶 |
第九阶 |
排碧阶 |
古丈阶 |
鼓山阶 |
第五阶 |
第四阶 |
第三阶 |
第二阶 |
幸运阶 |
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0 | 0.0117 | 0.126 | 0.781 | 1.806 | 2.588 | 3.6 | 5.332 | 7.246 | 11.608 | 13.82 | 15.97 | 20.43 | 23.03 | 28.4 ±0.1 | 33.9 ±0.1 | 37.2 ±0.1 | 40.4 ±0.2 | 48.6 ±0.2 | 55.8 ±0.2 | 58.7 ±0.2 | 61.1 | 65.5 ±0.3 | 70.6 ±0.6 | 83.5 ±0.7 | 85.8 ±0.7 | 88.6 | 93.6 ±0.8 | 99.6 ±0.9 | 112.0 ±1.0 | 125.0 ±1.0 | 130.0 ±1.5 | 133.9 | 140.2 ±3.0 | 145.5 ±4.0 | 150.8 ±4.0 | 155.6 | 161.2 ±4.0 | 164.7 ±4.0 | 167.7 ±3.5 | 171.6 ±3.0 | 175.6 ±2.0 | 183.0 ±1.5 | 189.6 ±1.5 | 196.5 ±1.0 | 199.6 ±0.6 | 203.6 ±1.5 | 216.5 ±2.0 | 228.7 | 237.0 ±2.0 | 245.9 | 249.5 | 251.0 ±0.4 | 253.8 ±0.7 | 260.4 ±0.7 | 265.8 ±0.7 | 268.0 ±0.7 | 270.6 ±0.7 | 275.6 ±0.7 | 284.4 ±0.7 | 294.6 ±0.8 | 299.0 ±0.8 | 303.4 ±0.9 | 307.2 ±1.0 | 311.7 ±1.1 | 318.1 ±1.3 | 328.3 ±1.6 | 345.3 ±2.1 | 359.2 ±2.5 | 374.5 ±2.6 | 385.3 ±2.6 | 391.8 ±2.7 | 397.5 ±2.7 | 407.0 ±2.8 | 411.2 ±2.8 | 416.0 ±2.8 | 418.7 ±2.7 | 421.3 ±2.6 | 422.9 ±2.5 | 426.2 ±2.4 | 428.2 ±2.3 | 436.0 ±1.9 | 439.0 ±1.8 | 443.7 ±1.5 | 445.6 ±1.5 | 455.8 ±1.6 | 460.9 ±1.6 | 468.1 ±1.6 | 471.8 ±1.6 | 478.6 ±1.7 | 488.3 ±1.7 | 492 | 496 | 499 | 503 | 506.5 | 510 | 515 | 521 | 528 | 542.0 ±1.0 | 635 | 850 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2050 | 2300 | 2500 | 2800 | 3200 | 3600 | 4000 | 4600 |