| 学名(拉丁名) | Gossypium herbaceum |
| 中文名 | 草棉 |
| 命名人 | Linn. |
| 中文科名 | 锦葵科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Gossypium |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Malvaceae |
| 中文属名 | 棉属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Gossypium herbaceum |
| 中文名 | 草棉 |
| 中文科名 | 锦葵科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Gossypium |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Malvaceae |
| 中文属名 | 棉属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Gossypium herbaceum |
| 中文名 | 草棉 |
| 中文科名 | 锦葵科 |
| 类型 | |
| 拉丁科名 | MALVACEAE |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Gossypium herbaceum |
| 中文名 | 草棉 |
| 中文科名 | 锦葵科 |
| 类型 | |
| 拉丁科名 | MALVACEAE |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Gossypium herbaceum |
| 命名人 | L. (accepted name) |
| 拉丁属名 | Gossypium |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Malvaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Gossypium herbaceum |
| 命名人 | L. |
| 发表年份 | 1753(年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Gossypium |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Malvaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Gossypium herbaceum |
| 中文名 | 草棉 |
| 拉丁属名 | Gossypium |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Malvaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Gossypium herbaceum |
| 中文名 | 草棉 |
| 中文科名 | 锦葵科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Gossypium |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Malvaceae |
| 中文属名 | 棉属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Gossypium herbaceum |
| 发表年份 | 1753(年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Gossypium |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Malvaceae |
APG IV系统 |
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| 学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gossypium album | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium amblospermum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium arboreum var. perrieri | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium aureum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium bicolor | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium cinereum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium convexum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium decurrens | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium divaricatum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium elatum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium frutescens | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium fuscum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium herbaceum var. acerifolium | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium albescens | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium herbaceum var. herbaceum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium herbaceum var. perrieri | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium hirsutum subsp. paniculatum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium leoninum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium chinense | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium macedonicum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium croceum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium eglandulosum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium herbaceum var. frutescens | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium paniculatum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium punctatum var. acerifolium | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium hirsutum var. micranthum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium siamense | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium simpsonii | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium hirsutum var. paniculatum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium vitifolium | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Xylon hirsutum | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium herbaceum subsp. africanum | Accepted | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium macrospermum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium micranthum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium molle | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium perrieri | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium purpureum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium strictum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Gossypium tricuspidatum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Hibiscus nangking | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Xylon indicum | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Xylon leoninum | Unresolved | The Plant List |
沿脉上被疏长毛；花萼杯状，5一年生草本或亚灌木，高1.5米，疏被柔毛。叶掌状5裂，直径5—10厘米，通常宽度大于长度，裂片阔卵形，裂片深度不到叶片中部，先端短尖，基部心形，上面被星状长硬毛，下面被细绒毛，沿脉上被长柔毛；叶柄长2.5—8厘米，被长柔毛；托叶线形，长5－10毫米，早落。花单生于叶腋，花梗长约1－2厘米，被长柔毛；小苞片阔三角形，长约2—3厘米，宽超过于长，先端具6—8齿，浅裂；花黄色，中央紫色，直径约5—7厘米。蒴果卵圆形，长约3厘米，具喙，常3—4室；种子大，长约1厘米，分离，斜圆锥形，被白色棉毛和短棉毛。花期7—9月。
云南马关、保山、双江等县有栽培。我国广东、四川、甘肃、新疆等省区亦有栽培。原产阿拉伯和小亚细亚。
Gossypium zaitzevii Prokhanov.
Herbs or subshrubs, annual, to 1.5 m tall, pilose. Stipules filiform, 5-10 mm, caducous; petiole 2.5-8 cm, villous; leaf blade usually 5-lobed, 5-10 cm in diam., usually wider than long, lobes broadly ovate, less than 1/2 as long as leaf blade, abaxially minutely puberulent and villous on veins, adaxially stellate hirsute, base cordate, apex acute. Flowers solitary, axillary. Pedicel 1-2 cm, villous. Epicalyx lobes connate at base, broadly triangular, 2-3 cm, wider than long, sparsely villous on veins, 6-8-toothed. Calyx cup-shaped, 5-lobed. Corolla yellow, purple in center, 5-7 cm in diam.; petals 2.5-3 × 3-4 cm. Filaments uniform in length. Capsule usually 3-4-celled, ovoid, ca. 3 cm, apex beaked. Seeds free, obliquely cone-shaped, ca. 10 mm, with white wool and persistent short fuzz. Fl. Jul-Sep.
Cultivated. Gansu, Guangdong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan [cultivated in India; origin in SW Asia].
Among the races recognized by Hutchinson (Emp. Cotton Gr. Rev. 27: 12. 1950) is "kuljianum," which is found in "Chinese Central Asia."
2.草棉 阿拉伯棉、小棉 图版25: 2-3
Gossypium herbaceum Linn. Sp. Pl. 693, 1753; Masters in Hook. f. , Fl; Brit. Ind. 1: 346, 1874; Forbes & Hemsl. in Jour. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 88, 1886(Ind. Fl. Sin. 1) ; Matsum. & Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 22: 57, 1906 (Enum. Pl. Formosa.) ; Hayata Ic. Pl. Formosa: 101, 1911; Watt Wild. Cult. Cotton Pl. 155, t. 24-25, 1907; Ulbrich ex Loes. in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 37 (2): 156, 1919; Liu in Bull. Peking Soc. Nat. Hist, 2 (3): 132, 1928; Hsia in Centr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 1: 58, 1931; Merr. in Trans. Am. Philip. Soc. n. s. 24: 261, 1935; 贾祖璋, 中国植物图鉴434,图737, 1937; 崔友文, 华北经济植物志要316, 1953; S. Y. Hu Fl. China Family 153: 65, Pl. 11-12, 1955; 昆明植物研究所, 云南植物志2: 237, 1979.
一年生草本至亚灌木，高达1.5米，疏被柔毛。叶掌状5裂，直径5-10厘米，通常宽超过于长，裂片宽卵形，深裂不到叶片的中部，先端短尖，基部心形，上面被星状长硬毛，下面被细绒毛，沿脉被长柔毛；叶柄长2.5-8厘米，被长柔毛；托叶线形，长5-10毫米，早落。花单生于叶腋，花梗长1-2厘米，被长柔毛；小苞片阔三角形，长2-3厘米，宽超过于长，先端具6-8齿，沿脉被疏长毛；花萼杯状，5浅裂；花黄色，内面基部紫色，直径5-7厘米。蒴果卵圆形，长约3厘米，具喙，通常3-4室，种子大，长约1厘米，分离，斜圆锥形，被白色长棉毛和短棉毛。花期7-9月。
产广东、云南、四川、甘肃和新疆等省区，均系栽培。原产阿拉伯和小亚细亚。
本种植株较小，生长期短，约130天左右，极适于我国西北地区栽培，但目前种植面积不广。
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