| 学名(拉丁名) | Chaenomeles japonica |
| 中文名 | 日本木瓜 |
| 命名人 | (Thunb.) Spach |
| 中文科名 | 蔷薇科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Chaenomeles |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 中文属名 | 木瓜属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Chaenomeles japonica |
| 命名人 | (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach (accepted name) |
| 拉丁属名 | Chaenomeles |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Chaenomeles japonica |
| 命名人 | (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach |
| 发表年份 | 1834(年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Chaenomeles |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Chaenomeles japonica |
| 中文名 | 日本木瓜 |
| 拉丁属名 | Chaenomeles |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Chaenomeles japonica |
| 中文名 | 和圆子 |
| 中文科名 | 蔷薇科 |
| 拉丁属名 | Chaenomeles |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 中文属名 | 木瓜属 |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Chaenomeles japonica |
| 发表年份 | 1834(年) |
| 拉丁属名 | Chaenomeles |
| 类型 | species |
| 拉丁科名 | Rosaceae |
| 学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chaenomeles maulei | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Choenomeles japonica | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cydonia japonica | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cydonia maulei | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Pyrus japonica | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Pyrus pseudochaenomeles | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Chaenomeles japonica var. eburnea | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Aronia japonica | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Chaenomeles japonica var. maulei | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Chaenomeles trichogyna | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Cydonia japonica var. typica | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Pseudochaenomeles maulei | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Pyrus maulei | Synonym | The Plant List | |
| Chaenomeles japonica var. alpina | Accepted | The Plant List | |
| Chaenomeles japonica var. cardinalis | Unresolved | The Plant List | |
| Chaenomeles japonica f. tricolor | Accepted | The Plant List |
Pyrus japonica Thunberg, Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 3: 208. 1780; Chaenomeles maulei (Masters) C. K. Schneider; Cydonia japonica (Thunberg) Persoon; Pyrus maulei Masters.
Shrubs to 1 m tall, with slender thorns. Branches spreading; branchlets purple when young, blackish brown when old, terete, scabrous and tomentose when young, verruculose, and glabrous when old; buds purple, triangular-ovate, glabrous, apex acute. Stipules reniform, ca. 1 cm, herbaceous, glabrous, margin serrate, apex obtuse; petiole ca. 5 mm, glabrous; leaf blade obovate or spatulate to broadly ovate, 3–5 × 2–3 cm, glabrous, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, margin crenate, apex obtuse or acute. Pedicel short or nearly absent, glabrous. Flowers 3–5-fascicled, 2.5–4 cm in diam. Hypanthium campanulate, abaxially glabrous. Sepals ovate, rarely suborbicular, 4–5 mm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially and margin brown pubescent. Petals dark red, obovate or suborbicular. Stamens 40–60, ca. 1/2 as long as petals. Styles ca. as long as stamens, connate at base, glabrous. Pome yellow, subglobose, 3–4 cm in diam.; sepals caducous; fruiting pedicel short or nearly absent. Fl. Mar–Jun, fr. Aug–Oct.
Cultivated. Fujian, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Zhejiang [native to Japan].
4. 日本木瓜 倭海棠（中国树木分类学），樝子、和圆子（中国药学大辞典）
Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach, Hist. Nat. Veg. Phan. 2: 159. 1834. p. p. quoad. basonym.; Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 22: 63. 1908; Koidz. in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 34 (1): 95. 1913; Rehd. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 298. 1915; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学427. 1937; Nakai in Journ. Jap. Bot. 15: 779. 1939; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 547. 1965. ——Pyrus japonica Thunb. Fl. Jap. 207. 1784. ——Cydonia japonica Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 40. 1807; DC. Prodr. 2: 638. 1825; Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 22: 63. 1908. p. p. ——Pyrus maulei Masters in Gard. Chron. n. ser. 1: 756. f. 159. 1874; Hook. f. in Curtis's Bot. Mag. 110: t. 6780. 1884. ——Chaenomeles maulei Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubh. 1: 731. f. 40, q-s. 406 c-d. 1906.
矮灌木，高约1米，枝条广开，有细刺；小枝粗糙，圆柱形，幼时具绒毛，紫红色，二年生枝条有疣状突起，黑褐色，无毛；冬芽三角卵形，先端急尖，无毛，紫褐色。叶片倒卵形、匙形至宽卵形，长3-5厘米，宽2-3厘米，先端圆钝，稀微有急尖，基部楔形或宽楔形，边缘有圆钝锯齿，齿尖向内合拢，无毛；叶柄长约5毫米，无毛；托叶肾形有圆齿，长1厘米，宽1.5-2厘米。花3-5朵簇生，花梗短或近于无梗，无毛；花直径2.5-4厘米；萼筒钟状，外面无毛；萼片卵形，稀半圆形，长4-5毫米，比萼筒约短一半，先端急尖或圆钝，边缘有不显明锯齿，外面无毛，内面基部有褐色短柔毛和睫毛；花瓣倒卵形或近圆形，基部延伸成短爪，长约2厘米，宽约1.5厘米，砖红色；雄蕊40-60，长约花瓣之半；花柱5，基部合生，无毛，柱头头状，有不显明分裂，约与雄蕊等长。果实近球形，直径3-4厘米，黄色，萼片脱落。花期3-6月，果期8-10月。
原产日本。我国陕西、江苏、浙江庭园习见栽培，有白花、斑叶和平卧变种，供观赏用。
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