学名(拉丁名) | Holboellia coriacea |
中文名 | 鹰爪枫 |
命名人 | Diels |
中文科名 | 木通科 |
拉丁属名 | Holboellia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lardizabalaceae |
中文属名 | 八月瓜属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Holboellia coriacea |
命名人 | Diels |
发表年份 | 1900(年) |
拉丁属名 | Holboellia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Berberidaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Holboellia coriacea |
中文名 | 鹰爪枫 |
拉丁属名 | Holboellia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lardizabalaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Holboellia coriacea |
中文名 | 鹰爪枫 |
中文科名 | 木通科 |
拉丁属名 | Holboellia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lardizabalaceae |
中文属名 | 牛姆瓜属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Holboellia coriacea |
发表年份 | 1900(年) |
拉丁属名 | Holboellia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Lardizabalaceae |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Holboellia brevipes | Synonym | The Plant List | (Hemsl.) P.C.Kuo |
Holboellia coriacea var. angustifolia | Synonym | The Plant List | Pamp. |
Stauntonia brevipes | Synonym | The Plant List | Hemsl. |
Artabotrys esquirolii H. Léveillé; Holboellia brevipes (Hemsley) P. C. Kuo; H. coriacea var. angustifolia Pampanini; Stauntonia brevipes Hemsley.
Evergreen. Stems brown. Leaf blade pinnately 3-foliolate; petiolules 0.5--3 cm; leaflets elliptic to ovate-elliptic, rarely lanceolate to oblong, terminal one sometimes obovate, (2--)6--10 × (1--)4--5(--8) cm, thick leathery, abaxially farinaceous green, adaxially dark green and shiny, base rounded to cuneate, margin slightly narrowly revolute, apex acuminate to emarginate and cuspidate; primary veins 3 from base; secondary veins 4 pairs; tertiary veinlets prominent on both surfaces when young, adaxially slightly impressed or inconspicuous when old. Racemes fascicled, short corymbiform; bracts persistent, scaly; peduncle short. Male flowers: pedicel ca. 2 cm. Sepals white, purple striate; outer 3 sepals oblong, ca. 10 × 4 mm; inner 3 sepals narrower, apex obtuse. Petals suborbicular, less than 1 mm in diam. Stamens 6--7.5 mm; connective apical appendage very short, apiculate. Pistillodes subulate, ca. 1.5 mm. Female flowers: pedicel 3.5--5 cm, slightly thick. Sepals reddish purple; outer 3 sepals ovate, 12--14 × 9--10 mm; inner 3 sepals elliptic to lanceolate. Petals 6, minute. Staminodes 6, smaller than petals, sessile. Carpels ovoid-clavate, ca. 9 mm. Fruit purple at maturity, blackish when dry, oblong-terete, 5--6 × ca. 3 cm, densely verruculose. Seeds ellipsoid, slightly compressed, ca. 8 × 5--6 mm; seed coat black, shiny. Fl. Apr--May, fr. Jun--Aug.
* Mixed forests, mountain slopes, among shrubs, trailsides; 500--2000 m. Anhui, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang.
The fruits are edible, and the roots and stems are used medicinally.
1.鹰爪枫(中国树木分类学)三月藤(广西),牵藤(四川),破骨风(湖北),八月栌(经济植物手册)
Holboellia coriacea Diels in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 342. 1900; Reaub. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 453. 1906; Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wils 1: 345. 1913; Beckett in Gard. Chron. III. 77: 389. t. 75. 1925; Chien in Contr. Lab. Biol. Sci. Soc. China 9: 272. 1931; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 10: 189. 1936; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学 268. 1937; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 305. 1974; 湖北植物志 1: 377. 1976; 中国高等植物图鉴 1: 755. 1980; 贵州植物志 2: 143. 1986; 安徽植物志2: 356. 1986; 四川植物志 8: 113. 1989; 浙江植物志 2: 302. 1992; H. N. Qin in Cathaya 8-9: 103. 1997. ——Stauntonia brevipes Hemsl. in Hook. Icon. Pl. ser. 4, 9: t. 2849. 1907. ——Holboellia coriacea Diels var. brevipes (Hemsl.) Chun in sched.——H. brevipes (Hemsl.) P. C. Kuo in Fl. Tsinling. 1: 304. 1974.——Artabotrys esquirolii Levl. Fl. Kouy-Tcheou. 29. 1914. ——H. coriacea Diels var. angustifalia Pamp. in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 17: 273. 1910.
常绿木质藤本。茎皮褐色。掌状复叶有小叶3片;叶柄长3.5-10厘米;小叶厚革质,椭圆形或卵状椭圆形,较少为披针形或长圆形,顶小叶有时倒卵形,长(2)6-10 (15)厘米,宽(1)4-5(8)厘米,先端渐尖或微凹而有小尖头,基部圆或楔形,边缘略背卷,上面深绿色,有光泽,下面粉绿色;中脉在上面凹入,下面凸起,基部三出脉,侧脉每边4条,与网脉在嫩叶时两面凸起,叶成长时脉在上面稍下陷或两面不明显;小叶柄长5-30毫米。花雌雄同株,白绿色或紫色,组成短的伞房式总状花序;总花梗短或近于无梗,数至多个簇生于叶腋。雄花:花梗长约2厘米;萼片长圆形,长约1厘米,宽约4毫米;顶端钝,内轮的较狭;花瓣极小,近圆形,直径不及1毫米;雄蕊长6-7.5毫米,药隔突出于药室之上成极短的凸头,退化心皮锥尖,长约1.5毫米。雌花:花梗稍粗,长3.5-5厘米;萼片紫色,与雄花的近似但稍大,外轮的长约12毫米,宽7-8毫米;退化雄蕊极小,无花丝;心皮卵状棒形,长约9毫米。果长圆状柱形,长5-6厘米;直径约3厘米,熟时紫色,干后黑色,外面密布小疣点;种子椭圆形,略扁平,长约8毫米,宽5-6毫米,种皮黑色,有光泽。花期4-5月,果期6-8月。
产于四川、陕西、湖北、贵州、湖南、江西、安徽、江苏和浙江。生于海拔500-2000米的山地杂木林或路旁灌丛中。
果可食,亦可酿酒;根和茎皮药用,治关节炎及风湿痹痛。