学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria griffithii |
中文名 | 鳞柄叉蕨 |
命名人 | (Bak.) C. Chr. |
中文科名 | 叉蕨科 |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Aspidiaceae |
中文属名 | 叉蕨属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria griffithii |
中文名 | 鳞柄叉蕨 |
中文科名 | 叉蕨科 |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Aspidiaceae |
中文属名 | 叉蕨属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria griffithii |
中文名 | 鳞柄叉蕨 |
中文科名 | 叉蕨科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | TECTARIACEAE |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria griffithii |
中文名 | 鳞柄叉蕨 |
中文科名 | 叉蕨科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria griffithii |
命名人 | (Bak.) C. Chr. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria griffithii |
命名人 | (Baker) C. Chr. |
发表年份 | 1934(年) |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria griffithii |
中文名 | 鳞柄叉蕨 |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria griffithii |
中文名 | 鳞柄叉蕨 |
中文科名 | 叉蕨科 |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
中文属名 | 三叉蕨属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Tectaria griffithii |
发表年份 | 1934(年) |
拉丁属名 | Tectaria |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Tectariaceae |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Aspidium griffithii | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Nephrodium griffithii | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Sagenia griffithii | Synonym | The Plant List |
植株高1-1.6米。根状茎短,直立,粗约1.5厘米,顶部及叶柄均密被鳞片;鳞片线状披针形,长达2厘米,宽2毫米,先端长渐尖,膜质,深棕色。叶簇生;叶柄长达60厘米,基部粗8-10毫米,栗褐色而稍有光泽;叶片五角形,长与宽约80厘米,先端渐尖,基部心脏形,二回羽状至三回羽裂;羽片5-6对,对生或近对生,稍斜向上;基部一对羽片最大,长40-50厘米,基部宽约35-40厘米,卵圆披针形,先端长渐尖,具5-8厘米长的柄,下部二回羽裂,先端羽裂;小羽片(裂片)8-10对,披针形,先端羽裂渐尖,基部浅心形,深羽裂达有阔翅的羽轴成为镰状披针形的尖头裂片;裂片约10对,斜向上,间隔约2毫米,椭圆形,长1.5-2厘米,基部宽约1厘米,向上部稍狭,短尖头至钝头,边缘浅裂,基部一对小羽片长10-14厘米,宽约5厘米,具短柄,基部下侧的小羽片明显伸长;中部以上的羽片形状同基部羽片,但渐变小。叶脉联结成近六角形网眼,羽轴及小羽轴两侧有弧状脉形成的狭长网眼,有单一的内藏小脉;上面密被有关节的淡棕色毛,下面疏被同样的毛。叶薄纸质,干后褐色,两面均光滑;叶轴、羽轴和小羽轴栗褐色,上面密被有关节的淡棕色毛,下面疏被同样的毛,叶轴下面偶有线形小鳞片。孢子囊群圆形,生于内藏小脉顶端,在主脉两侧各有1行,靠近裂片边缘,在叶面形成凸出的斑点;囊群盖圆肾形,全缘,膜质,棕色,宿存。
产绿春等地;生于海拔800米山谷密林下。分布于台湾、贵州。锡金、缅甸、越南、柬埔寨、马来西亚及菲律宾亦有。
Nephrodium griffithii Baker in Hooker & Baker, Syn. Fil. 300. 1867; Aspidium griffithii (Baker) Beddome; A. malayense Christ; A. multicaudatum (C. B. Clarke) Beddome; Nephrodium multicaudatum C. B. Clarke; Sagenia griffithii (Baker) Beddome; Tectaria malayense (Christ) Copeland; T. multicaudata (C. B. Clarke) Ching.
Plants terrestrial, 1-1.2 m tall. Rhizome erect, short, thick, ca. 1.5 cm in diam., densely scaly at apex and stipes; scales stiff, dark brown, linear-lanceolate, up to 2 cm, entire, apices long acuminate. Fronds clustered; stipe castaneous, glossy, up to 60 cm, 8-10 mm in diam. Lamina 2-pinnate to 3-pinnatifid, brown when dried, pentagonal, ca. 60 × 60 cm, thinly papery, both surfaces glabrous, base cordate, apex acuminate; pinnae 4 or 5 pairs, subopposite, slightly oblique; rachises and costae brown-castaneous, occasionally with linear scales on abaxial side of rachises, densely hairy adaxially, sparsely hairy abaxially; basal pinnae largest, oblique-deltoid, 20-25 × ca. 20 cm, stalks ca. 3 cm, bases asymmetrical, rounded-cuneate, apices long acuminate, basiscopic pinnules obviously elongated and forming 1 pair of separate pinnules at base, pinnatipartite to broadly winged along costae; middle pinnae deltoid-lanceolate, 15-20 × 10-12 cm, bases symmetrical, rounded-cuneate, apices long acuminate, pinnatipartite to broadly winged along costae and forming falcate-lanceolate lobes; pinnules or lobes 8-10 pairs, interval 0.5-1 cm, sessile, basiscopic pinnules largest, falcate-lanceolate, 12-14 × 4.5-5 cm, pinnatipartite to 2/3; lobules 10 pairs, slightly oblique, interval ca. 2 mm, elliptic, 1.5-2 × ca. 1 cm, obtuse, entire. Veins copiously anastomosing, with narrow areoles beside rachises and costae, included veinlets simple. Sori orbicular, terminal on included veinlets, in 1 row on each side of midrib of ultimate lobes; indusia brown, large, clypeate, membranous, entire, persistent. 2n = 80.
Valley forests; 100-800 m. Guizhou, Taiwan (Gaoxiong, Pingdong), ?Yunnan [Borneo, Cambodia, India (Assam, Sikkim), Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam].
Tectaria griffithii is listed for China here with doubt. One of us (Christenhusz) studied a single specimen from China without precise locality (Matthew 110, K). Y. C. Wu et al. (Bull. Dept. Biol. Sun Yatsen Univ. 3: t. 23. 1932) recorded the species from Guangxi, but the description and plates represent Dictyocline wilfordii (Thelypteridaceae) and not a Tectaria. Ching (Sinensia 2(2): 20. 1931) recorded the species from Guizhou (Tatsing, Esquirol 2253), but we have not found these specimens. The Flora of Taiwan does not list this species, and Holttum (Fl. Males., Ser. 2, 2: 54-55. 1991) does not list it for China.
3.鳞柄叉蕨(新拟)
Tectaria griffithii (Bak.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. Suppl. 3: 180. 1934; Tard. -Blot et C. Chr. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 7: 90. 1938 et in Fl. Indo-Chine 7 (2): 411. 1941; Tagawa in Journ. Jap, Bot. 14 (11): 710. 1938. ——Nephrodium griffithii Bak. Syn. Fil. 390. 1867. ——Sagenia griffithii Bedd. Ferns Brit. Ind. t. 377. 1870. ——Aspidium griffithii Bedd. Ferns Brit. Ind. Suppl. 15. 1876; Wu et al. in Bull. Dept, Biol. Sun Yatsen Univ. No. 3. Pl. 23. 1932. ——Nephrodium multicaudatum Clarke, Ferns N. Ind. 540, t. 77. 1880. ——Tectaria multicaudata Ching in Sinensia 2 (2): 20. 1931; Holtt. Fl. Mal. 2: 507, f. 299. 1954.
植株高1-1.2米。根状茎短,直立,粗约1. 5厘米,顶部及叶柄均密被鳞片;鳞片线状披针形,长达2厘米,先端长渐尖,坚膜质,褐棕色。叶簇生;叶柄长达60厘米,基部粗8-10毫米,栗褐色而稍有光泽;叶片五角形,长与宽约60厘米,先端渐尖,基部心脏形,二回羽状至三回羽裂;羽片4-5对,近对生,稍斜向上,基部一对羽片柄长约3厘米;基部一对羽片最大,斜三角形,长20-25厘米,基部宽约20厘米,先端长渐尖,基部圆截形而不对称,基部下侧一小羽片明显伸长,基部有一对分离的小羽片,向上部深羽裂达有阔翅的羽轴;中部的羽片三角状披针形,长15-20厘米,基部宽10-12厘米,先端长渐尖,基部圆截形而近对称,深羽裂达有阔翅的羽轴成为镰状披针形的尖头裂片;基部羽片的小羽片或裂片8-10对,稍斜向上,间隔0.5-1厘米,无柄;基部下侧小羽片最大,镰状阔披针形,长12-14厘米,中部宽4.5-5厘米,先端渐尖,基部截形并稍变狭,深羽裂达2/3;裂片约10对,斜向上,间隔约2毫米,椭圆形,长1.5-2厘米,基部宽约1厘米,向上部稍狭,短尖头至钝头,全缘。叶脉联结成近六角形网眼,羽轴及小羽轴两侧有弧状脉形成的狭长网眼,有单一的内藏小脉;主脉上面密被有关节的淡棕色毛,下面疏被同样的毛。叶薄纸质,干后褐色,两面均光滑;叶轴、羽轴和小羽轴栗褐色,上面密被有关节的淡棕色毛,下面疏被同样的毛,叶轴下面偶有线形小鳞片。孢子囊群圆形,生于内藏小脉顶端,在主脉两侧各有1行,在叶片上面形成凸出的斑点;囊群盖圆肾形,全缘,膜质,棕色,宿存。
产台湾、贵州。生山谷密林下,海拔100-800米。锡金、缅甸、越南、柬埔寨、马来西亚及菲律宾亦产之。模式标本产地:锡金。