学名(拉丁名) | Selaginella nipponica |
中文名 | 伏地卷柏 |
命名人 | Franch. et Sav. |
中文科名 | 卷柏科 |
拉丁属名 | Selaginella |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Selaginellaceae |
中文属名 | 卷柏属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Selaginella nipponica |
中文名 | 伏地卷柏 |
中文科名 | 卷柏科 |
拉丁属名 | Selaginella |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Selaginellaceae |
中文属名 | 卷柏属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Selaginella nipponica |
中文名 | 伏地卷柏 |
中文科名 | 卷柏科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | SELAGINELLACEAE |
学名(拉丁名) | Selaginella nipponica |
中文名 | 伏地卷柏 |
中文科名 | 卷柏科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | Selaginellaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Selaginella nipponica |
命名人 | Franch. & Sav. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Selaginella |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Selaginellaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Selaginella nipponica |
命名人 | Franch. & Sav. |
发表年份 | 1877(年) |
拉丁属名 | Selaginella |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Selaginellaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Selaginella nipponica |
中文名 | 伏地卷柏 |
拉丁属名 | Selaginella |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Selaginellaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Selaginella nipponica |
中文名 | 伏地卷柏 |
中文科名 | 卷柏科 |
拉丁属名 | Selaginella |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Selaginellaceae |
中文属名 | 卷柏属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Selaginella nipponica |
发表年份 | 1877(年) |
拉丁属名 | Selaginella |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Selaginellaceae |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Selaginella hachijoense | Synonym | The Plant List | Nakai |
Selaginella savatieri | Synonym | The Plant List | Baker |
Urostachys ihwangensis | Synonym | The Plant List | Nessel |
植株形体较矮小;不育枝匍匐,一至二回羽状分枝,能越冬;能育枝上升,一至三回等二叉或不等二叉分枝,冬枯;植株全长可达15厘米,枝扁平,宽达4毫米;主枝可辨或有时不明显,纤细的根托仅生于匍匐枝分枝处及上升枝近基部分枝处下面。茎浅禾秆色,直径达0.8毫米,茎内有细线状维管束1条。叶薄草质,匍匐枝上的浅绿色,上升枝上的浅黄绿色。匍匐枝的叶不育,显著异型,彼此疏离至接近或略呈覆瓦状;侧叶向枝两侧平展,两侧不对称的斜阔卵形,长达2毫米,宽达1.5毫米,先端急尖,并略向后弯而叶片呈阔镰形,基部阔圆形至圆楔形,上侧显著较阔,近半圆形,其基部常压于茎下,下侧呈略向外凸出的弧形或近平直,边缘具不明显的细微小齿,叶脉不明显;中叶极斜向上,两侧对称的狭卵形或卵状长圆形,长达2毫米,宽达1毫米,先端渐尖至长渐尖,基部圆楔形或圆形,边缘也有不明显的细微小齿,叶脉不明显;腋叶与中叶的形态及大小近似。上升枝的叶,除下部较少数为不育叶,均为孢子叶,大部分孢子叶及全部不育叶也显著二型,叶的排列及形态与匍匐枝的相似,但较为稀疏,分枝顶部的孢子叶较密集,均极斜向上,并常渐变为同型,形态与枝中部较小的孢子叶相似;孢子叶在枝上的分布,自枝顶端向下达末回分叉处以下,甚至达更往下的分叉处以下。孢子囊浅绿色至浅黄色;大孢子囊四面体球形;小孢子囊呈背腹扁、宽略大于高的扁圆心形。大孢子黄色,略扁的圆球形,纹饰多态,或全为外凸蠕虫状并常不规则连结形成拟网状,或全为短棒状,或全为不规则的小瘤状,或兼具以上三种或其中二种形态;小孢子桔红色,极面观圆三角形,具细小而密的颗粒状及疣状纹饰。
仅见于东北角的绥江;生于河谷湿涧处低草草坡疏荫处,海拔3800—8800米。西藏、四川、贵州、广西、湖南、湖北、河南、陕西、甘肃、青海、山东、安徽、江苏、浙江、江西、福建、台湾也有。也分布于日本、朝鲜半岛及越南。
Lycopodioides nipponica (Franchet & Savatier) Kuntze; L. savatieri (Baker) Kuntze; Selaginella hachijoense Nakai; S. savatieri Baker; S. shensiensis Christ; Urostachys ihwangensis Nessel.
Plants terrestrial, seasonally green, creeping; fertile stems erect, 5-12 cm, without stolons, without elongate tuber at base of stem. Rhizophores restricted to sterile prostrate stems and branches at intervals throughout length of main stem, borne on ventral side in axils of branches. Main stems branched from near base upward, stramineous, 0.2-0.4 mm in diam. in lower part, angulate, sulcate; primary leafy branches 3 or 4 pairs, simple or forked or once pinnately branched, branchlets sparse, adjacent primary branches on main stem 1-2 cm apart, leafy branches and stems glabrous, dorsiventrally flattened, leafy portion of main stem including leaves 4.5-5.4 mm wide at middle, ultimate branches 2.8-4.2 mm wide including leaves. Axillary leaves on branches of sterile stems symmetrical or asymmetrical, ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, 1.5-1.8 × 0.8-1 mm, base exauriculate, margin denticulate. Dorsal leaves ± symmetrical, those on main stems not obviously larger than those on branches; dorsal leaves on branches contiguous or imbricate in apical portion, oblong-ovate, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or elliptic, 1.6-2 × 0.6-0.9 mm, not carinate, base obtuse, margin not obviously denticulate, apex acuminate or acute. Ventral leaves asymmetrical, those on main stem not obviously larger than those on branches; ventral leaves on branches often deflexed, broadly ovate or ovate-triangular, 1.8-2.2 × 1-1.6 mm, apex acute; acroscopic base enlarged, broader, overlapping stem and branches, minutely denticulate. Fertile branches erect, 2.5-12 cm including strobilus. Strobili solitary or once or twice forked (or 3 times forked), terminal, lax, usually dorsiventrally complanate, 18-50 × 2-4.6 mm; sporophylls ± similar to sterile leaves in form and arrangement, dimorphic or slightly dimorphic, usually non-resupinate, not keeled, not white-margined, margin denticulate, apex acuminate; megasporophylls in basal portion on lower side of strobilus; microsporangia elliptic, relatively thick, with relatively large cells in central part; microspores orange-red, megaspores yellowish orange.
Grasslands, on rocks; 100-1300 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan].
62.伏地卷柏(中国高等植物图鉴)图版65: 1-7
Selaginella nipponica Franch. et Sav., Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 199, 615. 1879; Baker, Handh Fern-Allies 66. 1887; Komatsu et Matsumura, Ic. Pl. Koisikav. 1: Pl. 81. 1913; Alston in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 5: 272. 1934, p. p. ; S. H. Fu, Ill. Im-portant Chinese Pl., Pterid. 11, f. 15. 1957; Steward, Man. Vasc. Pl. Low. YangtzeVall. China 25. 1958; Makino, III. Fl. Jap. f. 17. 1961: Reed, Index Selaginellanam, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 165. 1966; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 114, f. 228. 1972: Fl. Tsinling. 2: 21, Pl. 3, f. 1-6. 1974; M. Park, Ill. Encycl. Fauna et Fl. Kor. Vol. 16, Pterid. 116, 420. 1975; Fl. Jiangsu 1: 14, f. 7. 1977; Fl. Henan 1: 8, f. 11. 1981; T. C.Huang, Spore Fl. Taiwan 18, Pl. 9: 3 et pl. 15: 3. 1981; Fl. Fujian. 1: 12, f. 3. 1982; Fl. Anhui 1: 26, f. 11. 1986; B. D. Liu et -al. in Bull. Bot. Res. (Harbin) 9 (3): 114, Pl. 7: 2-4. 1989: P. S. Wang in J. Arnold Arbor. 71: 267. 1990; Y. L.Zhang et al., Spore Morph. Chin. Pterid. 46, f. 8c, Pl. 2: 39-42. 1990; Sa. Kurataet Nakaike, Ill. Pterid. Jap. 6: 178, cum photo. fig. et map. 1990: Nakaike, New Fl. Jap. Pterid. f. 44. 1992, et in J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Inst. Chiba 4 (2): 116. 1997: P. S.Wang, Pterid. Fanjing Mt. Nat. Res. 25. 1992; K. Iwats., Ferns Fern Allies Japan 53, Pl. 10, photo. 1-2. 1992, et K. Iwats., Fl. Jap. 1: 15. 1995; Fl. Jiangxi 1: 34, f. 21. 1993; Fl. Zhejiang 1: 17, f. 1-18. 1993: Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mts. 1: 10. 1993; J. L. Tsai et W. C. Shieh in T. C. Huang, Fl. Taiwan ed. 2, 1: 53. 1994; P. S. Wang et X. Y. Wang, Pterid. Fl. Guizhou in T. C. Huang, 638. 2001. ——Lycopodioides nipponica Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 827. 1891; H. S. Kung, Fl. Sichuan. 6: 62. 1988; Z. Y. Sun et al. in X. C. Zhang et K. H. Shing, Ching Mem.Vol. 342. 1999. ——S. savatieri Baker in J. Bot. (Hooker) 22: 87. 1884, et Handb. Fern-Allies 66. 1887; Baker in J. Bot. (Hooker) 26: 231. 1888; Warb. in Monsunia 1: 192. 1900: Diels in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 211. 1901; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 6: 8. 1929; Ching in Sinensia 3 (12): 347. 1933: S. H. Fu, Ill. Important Chinese Pl., Pterid. 11. 1957, in syn.; De Vol et H. W. Chen in Taiwania 12: 82. 1966, pro syn. ; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 203. 1966. ——Lycopodioides sa-vatieri (Baker) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 827. 1891. ——S. shensiensis Christ in Nuo-vo Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 4: 102. 1897, p. p. : Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem, Soc. Brot. 18: 209. 1966, p. p. ——S. hachijoensis Nakai in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 35: 149. 1921; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 121. 1966; Nakaike, New Fl. Jap. Pterid. 44. 1992, pro syn. ——Urostachys ihwangensis Nessel, Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni Veg. 39: 68, t. 192b. 1935, et in Sinensia 6: 664. 1935.
土生,匍匐,能育枝直立,高5-12厘米,无游走茎。根托沿匍匐茎和枝断续生长,自茎分叉处下方生出,长1-2.7厘米,纤细,直径0.1毫米,根少分叉,无毛。茎自近基部开始分枝,不呈“之”字形,无关节,禾秆色,茎下部直径0.2-0.4毫米,具沟槽,无毛,维管束1条;侧枝3-4对,不分叉或分叉或1回羽状分枝,分枝稀疏,茎上相邻分枝相距1-2厘米,叶状分枝和茎无毛,背腹压扁,茎在分枝部分中部连叶宽4.5-5.4毫米,末回分枝连叶宽2.8-4.2毫米。叶全部交互排列,二形,草质,表面光滑,边缘非全缘,不具白边。分枝上的腋叶对称或不对称,1.5-1.8毫米×0.8-1.0毫米,边缘有细齿。中叶多少对称,分枝上的中叶长圆状卵形或卵形或卵状披针形或椭圆形,1.6-2.0毫米×0.6一0.9毫米,紧接到覆瓦状(在先端部分)排列,背部不呈龙骨状,先端具尖头和急尖,基部钝,边缘不明显具细齿。侧叶不对称,侧枝上的侧叶宽卵形或卵状三角形,常反折,1.8-2.2毫米×1.0-1.6毫米,先端急尖;上侧基部扩大,加宽,覆盖小枝,上侧基部边缘具微齿。孢子叶穗疏松,通常背腹压扁,单生于小枝末端,或1-2 (3)次分叉,18-50毫米×2.0-4.6毫米;孢子叶二形或略二形,正置,和营养叶近似,排列一致,不具白边,边缘具细齿,背部不呈龙骨状,先端渐尖;大孢子叶分布于孢子叶穗下部的下侧。大孢子橘黄色;小孢子橘红色。
安徽(和县、霍山、青阳、休宁)、重庆(南川、石柱、秀山)、福建(崇安、泰宁、厦门)、甘肃(迭部、文县)、广东、广西(全县、融水)、贵州(安顺、岑巩、赤水、道真、德江、风岗、贵定、江口、仁怀、三穗、石阡、绥阳、天柱、务川、修文、沿河、玉屏、镇远、正安)、河南(大别山、灵宝、卢氏、栾川、洛宁、内乡、嵩县、桐柏山、西峡、淅川)、湖北(房县、兴山)、湖南(大庸、古丈、石门、宜章、永顺)、江苏(南京、苏州、镇江)、江西(安远、龙南、庐山、南昌、南丰、萍乡、新建、宜黄)、青海、陕西(长安、眉县、宁陕、平利)、山东、山西、四川(安县、成都、丹巴、道孚、德阳、都江堰、峨边、峨眉山、都江堰、广元、汉源、乐山、理县、茂县、绵阳、平武、三台、射洪、威远、雅安、雅江)、重庆(涪陵)、台湾(花莲、南投)、西藏(波密)、香港、云南(德钦、贡山、维西、中甸)、浙江(天台、雁荡山、舟山)。生于草地或岩石上,海拔80-1300米。也分布到日本。模式标本采自日本。