学名(拉丁名) | Polypodiodes niponica |
中文名 | 日本水龙骨 |
命名人 | (Mett.) Ching |
中文科名 | 水龙骨科 |
拉丁属名 | Polypodiodes |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Polypodiaceae |
中文属名 | 水龙骨属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Polypodiodes niponica |
中文名 | 日本水龙骨 |
中文科名 | 水龙骨科 |
拉丁属名 | Polypodiodes |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Polypodiaceae |
中文属名 | 水龙骨属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Polypodiodes niponica |
中文名 | 日本水龙骨 |
中文科名 | 水龙骨科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | Polypodiaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Polypodiodes niponica |
命名人 | (Mett.) Ching (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Polypodiodes |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Polypodiaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Polypodiodes niponica |
命名人 | (Mett.) Ching |
发表年份 | 1978(年) |
拉丁属名 | Polypodiodes |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Polypodiaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Polypodiodes niponica |
中文名 | 日本水龙骨 |
拉丁属名 | Polypodiodes |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Polypodiaceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Polypodiodes niponica |
中文名 | 日本水龙骨 |
中文科名 | 水龙骨科 |
拉丁属名 | Polypodiodes |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Polypodiaceae |
中文属名 | 水龙骨属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Polypodiodes niponica |
发表年份 | 1978(年) |
拉丁属名 | Polypodiodes |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Polypodiaceae |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Goniophlebium niponicum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Marginaria niponica | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Marginaria transpianensis | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Polypodiodes transpianensis | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Polypodium bodinieri | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Polypodium longkyense | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Polypodium niponicum | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Polypodium silvestrii | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Polypodium transpianense | Synonym | The Plant List |
根状茎长而横走,有分枝,灰绿色,被白色粉,直径0.2-0.4厘米,疏被鳞片;鳞片披针形,具粗筛孔,深棕色,基部较阔圆,盾状着生,顶端长渐尖,边缘有细锯齿。叶远生,相距3-5厘米,长25-40厘米;叶柄禾秆色,长6-20厘米,疏被短柔毛或成熟时脱落后近光滑;叶片卵状披针形或长椭圆状披针形,草质,干后灰绿色,两面密被白色短柔毛或背面的毛较密,叶片长15-30厘米,宽5-12厘米,基部浅心形,羽状深裂,几达叶轴,先端羽裂渐尖;裂片15-20对,长2.5-5厘米,宽5-12毫米,顶端钝圆或渐尖,边缘全缘,基部1-3对裂片反折向下。叶脉网状,在裂片中脉两侧各具1行网眼,网眼内具内藏单一小脉,具水囊,侧脉和小脉不明显。孢子囊群圆形,在裂片中肋两侧各1行,较靠近裂片中肋,着生于内藏小脉顶端,无囊群盖。染色体 2n=74。
产维西、泸水、广南、砚山、屏边等地;生于海拔1900-2600米的常绿阔叶林下岩石上。分布于贵州、四川、西藏、广西、广东、海南、湖南、湖北、江苏、安徽、浙江、福建、台湾、山西和甘肃。越南、印度、日本亦有。
Polypodium niponicum Mettenius, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 222. 1866; Goniophlebium niponicum (Mettenius) Beddome; Marginaria niponica (Mettenius) Nakai ex H. Itô; M. transpianensis (Yamamoto) H. Itô; Polypodiodes transpianensis (Yamamoto) Saiki; Polypodium bodinieri Christ; P. longkyense Rosenstock; P. silvestrii Christ; P. transpianense Yamamoto.
Rhizome long creeping, gray-green, ca. 5 mm in diam., sparsely covered with whitish bloom and scales; scales dark brown, narrowly lanceolate with ovate base, margin denticulate, apex acuminate. Stipe straw-colored, 5-15 cm, pubescent. Lamina oblong-lanceolate, 30-40 × 10-13 cm, pinnatipartite, cordate at base, pinnatilobate-acuminate at apex. Segments 15-25 pairs, linear-oblong, 3-5 × 0.5-1 cm, entire at margin, acute or obtuse at apex; lowest ones often subfree, slightly shortened and deflexed. Veins anastomosing to form 1 row of areoles at each side of rachis and each side of costa, veinlets invisible. Lamina herbaceous, gray-green, pubescent on both surfaces or more densely so abaxially with short, whitish, 2- or 3-celled, soft hairs. Sori orbicular, in 1 row on each side of costa, terminal on included veinlets in costal areoles, nearer to costa than to margin.
Epiphytic on tree trunks or on rocks; 300-1800 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [NE India, Japan, Vietnam].
Material of Polypodiodes niponica from Taiwan with the rhizomes lacking the whitish bloom and with very narrow scales has been separated as P. transpianensis.
The authors have not seen material of Polypodiodes niponica var. glandulosa P. S. Wang (Pterid. Fl. Guizhou, 517. 2001).
2.日本水龙骨
Polypodiodes niponica (Mett.) Ching in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16 (4): 27. 1978; Fl. Fujian. 1: 249. f. 237. 1982 S. X. Xu in J. F. Cheng et G. F. Chu, Fl. Jiangxi 1: 305. f. 311. 1993; C. F. Zhang et S. Y. Zhang, Fl. Zhejiang. 1: 327. f. 1-346. 1993. ——Polypodium niponicum Mett. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Batav. 2: 222. 1866; Franch. et Sav., Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 244. 1876; Makino, Phan. Pterid. Jap. Ic. Ill. 1: Pl. 32. 1899; Matsum., Ind. Pl. Jap. 1: 337. 1904; C. Chr., Ind. Fil. 548. 1906; Suppl. 3: 154. 1934; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. 3: Pl. 140. 1930; Ching in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 2 (3): 41. 1933; Sinensia 3: 344. 1933; Ic. Fil. Sin. 2: Pl. 98. 1934; Tagawa, Col. Ill. Jap. Pterid. 156. 242. pl. 66. 356. 1959;傅书遐, 中国主要植物图说.蕨类植物门 224, 图328, 1957; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 274. f. 547. 1972; Nakaike, Enum. Pterid. Jap. Fil. 348. 1975; B. Z. Ding et al., Fl. Henan. 1: 117. T. 144. 1981; New Fl. Jap. Pterid. 691. t. 691a. 691b. 1992: K. Iwats., Ferns and Fern Allies Jap. 278. pl. 191. f. 2-3. 1992. ——Marginaria niponica (Mett.) Nakaiex H. Ito in J. Jap. Bot, 11: 1935; Fil. Jap. Ill. pt. 379. 1944. ——Goniophlebium niponicum (Mett.) Bedd., Handb. Suppl. 90. 1892; Rodl-Linder in Blumea 34 (2): 407. 1990. ——Polypodium transpianense Yamamoto in J. Soc. Trop. Agric. Form. 3: 236. 1931; De Vol et C. M. Kuo in H. L. Li et al., Fl. Taiwan 1: 203. 1975; Shieh De Vol et C. M. Kuo, Fl. Taiwan 2nd ed. 1: 511. 1994. ——Marginaria transpianensis (Yamamoto) H. Ito in J. Jap. Bot. 11: 1935. ——Polypodiodes transpianensis (Yamamoto) Saiki in J. Phytogeogr. Tax. 35: 80. 1987. ——Polypodium bodinieri Christ in Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 1902: 203. 1902; C. Chr., Ind. Fil. 514. 1906. ——Polypodium silzestrii Christ in Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 1909: 177. 1909; C. Chr., Ind. Fil. Suppl. 1: 62. ——Polypodium longkyense Rosenst. in Feddes Repert. Sp. Nov. 13: 134. 1914; C. Chr., Ind. Fil. Suppl. 2: 26. 1917; Ching in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 2 (3): 41. 1933.
附生植物。根状茎长而横走,直径约5毫米,肉质,灰绿色,疏被鳞片;鳞片狭披针形,暗棕色,基部较阔,盾状着生,顶端渐尖,边缘有浅细齿。叶远生;叶柄长约5-15厘米,禾秆色,疏被毛柔毛或毛脱落后近光滑;叶片卵状披针形至长椭圆状披针形,长可达40厘米,宽可达12厘米,羽状深裂,基部心形,顶端羽裂渐尖;裂片约15-25对,长约3-5厘米,宽5-10毫米,顶端钝圆或渐尖,边缘全缘,基部1-3对裂片向后反折。叶脉网状,裂片的侧脉和小脉不明显。叶草质,干后灰绿色,两面密被白色短柔毛或背面的毛被更密。孢子囊群圆形,在裂片中脉两侧各1行,着生于内藏小脉顶端,靠近裂片中脉着生。
产福建、浙江、江苏、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、云南、贵州、四川、西藏、甘肃、山西、台湾。附生树干上或石上。海拔1000-1600米。日本、越南和印度东北部也有分布。模式标本采自日本。