1. Dryopteridaceae (鳞毛蕨科)
2. Polystichum (耳蕨属)
3. Polystichum longiaristatum (长芒耳蕨)

Plants evergreen. Rhizome erect or ascending, short, densely covered with linear brown scales. Fronds 60-70 cm; stipe yellowish brown, 22-26 cm, ca. 4 mm in diam. at base, covered with linear, lanceolate and larger scales; large scales bicolorous, blackish brown at middle, shiny, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, up to 15 × 7 mm, subentire or with ciliate teeth, caudate. Lamina bipinnate, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 48-51 cm, middle part 16-20 cm wide, slightly contracted toward base, lower part fertile, apex acuminate, fertile; rachis without proliferous bulbils, abaxially covered with linear, lanceolate light brown scales and larger scales; large scales sparse, ovate-lanceolate and broadly lanceolate, up to 10 × 2.5 mm, with ciliate teeth, caudate. Pinnae 20-24 pairs, alternate, slightly ascendant, shortly stalked, lanceolate, slightly contracted toward basiscopic base except for basal basiscopic pinnules, bases asymmetrical, apices acuminate or caudate; middle pinnae 9-11 × 1.8-2.1 cm, 1-pinnate; costa abaxially covered with linear and subulate light brown scales. Pinnules 12-15 pairs, alternate, shortly stalked, deltoid-ovate or oblong, 0.8-1.2 cm × 4-6 mm, bases cuneate, with rounded auricles acroscopically, margins entire or with few shallow teeth, teeth especially long aristate at tip, apices acute; basal acroscopic pinnules largest, entire or sometimes with free auricles; abaxially densely covered with shortly filiform microscales, adaxially subglabrous; frond texture thickly papery; venation pinnate, lateral veins 5-7 pairs, dichotomous, distinct. Sori 3-5 pairs per pinnule, in 1 row on each side of midrib, medial, terminal on veinlets; indusia present, irregularly toothed.

Forests; 1000-2600 m. S Gansu, Hubei (Shennongjia), Shaanxi (Shichai).

Polystichum longiaristatum is similar to P. makinoi, but it is larger, its rachis has ovate-lanceolate scales, and its pinnules have long-aristate margins.