| 学名(拉丁名) | Bolbitis |
| 中文名 | 实蕨属 |
| 命名人 | Schott |
| 中文科名 | 实蕨科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Bolbitidaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Bolbitis |
| 中文名 | 实蕨属 |
| 中文科名 | 实蕨科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Bolbitidaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Bolbitis |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Dryopteridaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Bolbitis |
| 中文名 | 实蕨属 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Dryopteridaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Bolbitis |
| 中文名 | 实蕨属 |
| 中文科名 | 实蕨科 |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Bolbitidaceae |
| 学名(拉丁名) | Bolbitis |
| 发表年份 | 1834(年) |
| 类型 | genus |
| 拉丁科名 | Dryopteridaceae |
| 1 | 不育叶的叶脉网眼内无内藏小脉（偶有一短脉）。 (2) | |
| 1 | 不育叶的叶脉网眼内有内藏小脉。 (7) | |
| 2 | 不育叶为单叶（有时基部有小耳片），披针形，基部长下延；叶柄长约5厘米，纤细。 | 广西实蕨 Bolbitis annamensis |
| 2 | 不育叶三出至羽状，基部不下延；叶柄长15厘米以上，粗壮。 (3) | |
| 3 | 侧生羽片15对以上；能育叶叶柄长达55厘米。 | 西藏实蕨 Bolbitis tibetica |
| 3 | 侧生羽片10对以下；能育叶叶柄长40厘米以下。 (4) | |
| 4 | 不育叶的侧生羽片1-5对，基部楔形至圆楔形，无柄，近全缘；顶生羽片经常伸长成鞭状，顶部有一芽胞。 (5) | |
| 4 | 不育叶的侧生羽片7-10对，基部不变狭，心脏形或圆形，有明显的柄，边缘有粗圆齿；顶生羽片不伸长成鞭形。 (6) | |
| 5 | 根状茎粗约3-4毫米；不育叶的侧生羽片1-3对（有时为单叶）；叶干后褐色；羽片的侧脉近平展。 | 长叶实蕨 Bolbitis heteroclita |
| 5 | 根状茎粗约1.5厘米；不育叶的侧生羽片约5对；叶干后绿色；羽片的侧脉斜上。 | 密叶实蕨 Bolbitis confertifolia |
| 6 | 叶柄、叶轴和羽轴下面（特别幼时）密被褐色披针形鳞片（老时大部脱落）；下部的侧生羽片长8-12厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，基部圆形；叶片上部深羽裂。 | 河口实蕨 Bolbitis hekouensis |
| 6 | 叶柄、叶轴和羽轴下面光滑；侧生羽片长12-18厘米，宽3-4厘米，基部心脏形；顶生羽片分离。 | 贵州实蕨 Bolbitis christensenii |
| 7 | 不育叶的侧生羽片5-20对，线状披针形，宽2-3（一4）厘米，向下部不变狭，基部圆形或截形或近心脏形。 (8) | |
| 7 | 不育叶的侧生羽片2-5对，阔披针形，中部宽5-6厘米，向下渐变狭，基部楔形。 (10) | |
| 8 | 植株高1.2-1.5米；叶柄粗约8毫米；侧生羽片多达20对，下部的长20厘米或过之，基部圆形。 | 多羽实蕨 Bolbitis angustipinna |
| 8 | 植株高50一80厘米（有时达1米）；叶柄粗1.5-2.5毫米；侧生羽片5-10（-17)对，长通常达16厘米，基部截形、斜截形或近心脏形。 (9) | |
| 9 | 不育叶的侧生羽片通常6-10（-17）对，长通常达16厘米，宽3-4厘米，边缘浅裂成圆裂片或圆齿；侧脉下面明显。 | 华南实蕨 Bolbitis subcordata |
| 9 | 不育叶的侧生羽片4-5对，长达11厘米，宽2厘米，边缘不裂；侧脉下面不明显。 | 中型实蕨 Bolbitis media |
| 10 | 不育叶的羽片边缘有矮尖锯齿；能育叶的羽片长线形，长约20厘米，宽5毫米。 | 宽羽实蕨 Bolbitis latipinna |
| 10 | 不育叶的羽片边缘无锯齿；能育叶的羽片披针形，长6-10厘米，宽1-2.5厘米。 (11) | |
| 11 | 不育叶的羽片近无柄，基部圆楔形；羽片下面有很密的小疣点；侧脉下面明显隆起。 | 附着实蕨 Bolbitis scandens |
| 11 | 不育叶的羽片柄长约1厘米，基部楔形；羽片下面平滑无疣点；侧脉下面仅可见。 (12) | |
| 12 | 不育叶的羽片纸质，干后绿色，基部狭楔形；侧脉斜上，每对间有网眼3行。 | 云南实蕨 Bolbitis yunnanensis |
| 12 | 不育叶的羽片薄革质，干后棕色，基部阔楔形；侧脉近平展，每对间有网眼2行。 | 厚叶实蕨 Bolbitis hainanensis |
| 1 | Veins free | (2) |
| 1 + | Veins ?anastomosing | (9) |
| 2 (1) | Sterile fronds pinnate, base asymmetrical (except B. hookeriana ), apex obtuse or acute | (3) |
| 2 (1) + | Sterile fronds bipinnatifid, base symmetrical, apex acuminate | (6) |
| 3 (2) | Bulbil terminal on lamina. (1) | B. rhizophylla |
| 3 (2) + | Bulbil subterminal on lamina | (4) |
| 4 (3) | Stipe and rachis densely scaly; base of pinnae symmetrical; sporangia on all sides of costa and costules, arrangement usually moniliform. (4) | B. hookeriana |
| 4 (3) + | Stipe and rachis subglabrous; base of pinnae asymmetrical; sporangia spreading throughout abaxial surface, arrangement fully acrostichoid | (5) |
| 5 (4) | Sterile pinnae usually obtuse or rounded at apex; fertile pinnae 8-10 ?2-3 mm. (2) | B. appendiculata |
| 5 (4) + | Sterile pinnae acute at apex; fertile pinnae 40-60 ?ca. 8 mm. (3) | B. medogensis |
| 6 (2) | Pinna lobes rounded at apex, 0-1 mm apart | (7) |
| 6 (2) + | Pinna lobes obtuse-acute at apex, 2-3 mm apart | (8) |
| 7 (6) | Rachis with a narrow wing except for lowest part; base of lowermost pinnae symmetrical. (5) | B. sinensis |
| 7 (6) + | Rachis without wing; base of lowermost pinnae asymmetrical. (6) | B. longiaurita |
| 8 (6) | Stipe and rachis densely scaly; pinna lobes falcate, 1-1.5 cm. (7) | B. tonkinensis |
| 8 (6) + | Stipe and rachis subglabrous; pinna lobes triangular, 0.5-0.6 cm. (8) | B. fengiana |
| 9 (1) | Venation pattern ?irregular, veins along costae usually anastomosing and others free or rarely uniting; rachis narrowly winged or not | (10) |
| 9 (1) + | Venation pattern regular, veins variously anastomosing; rachis wingless | (12) |
| 10 (9) | Pinnae pinnatifid; rachis wingless. (23) | B. Ãultipinna |
| 10 (9) + | Pinnae subentire or crenate; rachis narrowly winged | (11) |
| 11 (10) | Pinnae crenate; veins usually free except those along costae. (24) | B. Ãaxireticulata |
| 11 (10) + | Pinnae subentire; veins anastomosing including those along costae. (25) | B. Ãanjenensis |
| 12 (9) | Lateral veins with 5-8 veinlets on each side in sterile pinnae; fronds often dark brownish when dry | (13) |
| 12 (9) + | Lateral veins with 1-4 veinlets on each side in sterile pinnae; fronds green or purplish when dry | (16) |
| 13 (12) | Rhizome with 4 rows of fronds; scales on base of stipe with obvious brown margin. (19) | B. confertifolia |
| 13 (12) + | Rhizome with 2 or 3 rows of fronds; scales on base of stipe without obvious brown margin | (14) |
| 14 (13) | Fronds 1-3 cm apart; lamina thinly herbaceous; rhizome 3-6 mm in diam.; plants terrestrial or climbing on bases of tree trunks, sometimes rheophytic or cultivated as a submerged aquatic. (21) | B. heteroclita |
| 14 (13) + | Fronds close together; lamina thickly papery; rhizome 4-15 mm in diam.; plants terrestrial or climbing up tree trunks | (15) |
| 15 (14) | Rhizome 10-15 mm thick, climbing to 2-3 m; sterile fronds with stipe 16-20 cm; fertile fronds 40-60 cm. (20) | B. scandens |
| 15 (14) + | Rhizome 4-10 mm thick, short, erect; sterile fronds with stipe 32-51 cm; fertile fronds 85-112 cm. (22) | B. changjiangensis |
| 16 (12) | Venation without included free veinlets | (17) |
| 16 (12) + | Venation with included free veinlets | (20) |
| 17 (16) | Fertile pinnae linear; lateral pinnae 15-24 pairs. (9) | B. angustipinna |
| 17 (16) + | Fertile pinnae lanceolate; lateral pinnae 6-15(-17) pairs | (18) |
| 18 (17) | Bulbils terminal; lateral pinnae ca. 15(-17) pairs; stipe sparsely scaly. (11) | B. tibetica |
| 18 (17) + | Bulbils subterminal; lateral pinnae 6-12 pairs; stipe densely scaly | (19) |
| 19 (18) | Sterile stipe 30-40 cm; pinnae truncate to subcordate at base. (10) | B. christensenii |
| 19 (18) + | Sterile stipe 8-17 cm; pinnae rounded at base. (12) | B. hekouensis |
| 20 (16) | Lateral pinnae 6-15 pairs; terminal segment triangular. (13) | B. subcordata |
| 20 (16) + | Lateral pinnae 2-7 pairs; terminal segment similar to central pinnae | (21) |
| 21 (20) | Fertile pinnae linear, 14-45 ?as long as wide | (22) |
| 21 (20) + | Fertile pinnae lanceolate, 3-8 ?as long as wide | (23) |
| 22 (21) | Fronds purplish when dry; veinlets 5-8 arising from either side of lateral veins uniting in sterile pinnae. (17) | B. costata |
| 22 (21) + | Fronds greenish when dry; veinlets 4 arising from either side of lateral veins uniting in sterile pinnae. (18) | B. virens |
| 23 (21) | Sterile pinnae 2 or 3 pairs; sporangia arrangement acrostichoid. (14) | B. hainanensis |
| 23 (21) + | Sterile pinnae 5-7 pairs; sporangia arrangement not acrostichoid | (24) |
| 24 (23) | Fronds purplish or purplish brown when dry; veinlets 2 or 3 arising from lateral veins, free veinlets without thickened ends. (15) | B. scalpturata |
| 24 (23) + | Fronds stramineous when dry; veinlets 4 or 5 arising from lateral veins, free veinlets with thickened ends. (16) | B. deltigera |
小型至中型土生植物。根状茎横走，有网状中柱，被黑色鳞片；鳞片狭长，全缘。叶通常近生，二型；叶柄基部不具关节，疏被鳞片；叶片一回羽状分裂，很少为单叶，叶边缘具钝齿至深裂，或为撕裂，缺刻有时有小脉延伸的小刺1枚。叶脉明显，沿主脉及侧脉两侧有整齐的网眼，其他的网眼则整齐或不整齐，通常有延伸的内藏小脉。叶草质，无毛。能育叶缩小并有长柄，孢子囊满布能育叶的背面，无囊群盖圆和隔丝；孢子囊的环带约由（12）14-16（20）个增厚细胞组成。孢子近球形，周壁具褶皱，表面具少许颗粒状纹饰，外壁表面光滑。染色体基数 x=41。约80种，分布于热带各地，主产印度马来群岛及南美洲。我国约有11种，分布于华南及西南地区。云南有8种。
1.实蕨属 Bolbitis Schott
Schott, Gen. Fil. ad pl. 4. 1834; Ching in C. Chr. Ind. Fil. Suppl. 3: 47. 1934; S. H. Wu et Ching, Fern Fam. and Gen. of China 456. 1991.
土生中型或小型植物。根状茎横走，有网状中柱；鳞片黑色，全缘。叶通常近生；叶柄基部不具关节，疏被鳞片；叶为一回羽状，很少是单叶或二回羽裂，叶缘具钝锯齿或深裂或撕裂，缺刻有时有小脉延伸的小刺1个。叶脉明显，羽轴及侧脉两侧的网眼整齐，其他的网眼则整齐或不整齐，通常有延伸的内藏小脉。叶草质，光滑。能育叶缩小并具长柄。孢子囊群满布于能育羽片下面，无囊群盖及隔丝；孢子囊环带有14-16个增厚细胞，很少是12-20个。孢子两面型，棕色或无色透明。染色体x＝41。
约85种，分布于热带各地，主产于印度、东南亚及南美洲。我国约有13种，产华南及西南。
模式：Bolbitis serratifolia (Mertens) Schott, 产于巴西。
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