学名(拉丁名) | Aster brachytrichus |
中文名 | 短毛紫菀 |
命名人 | Franch. |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Aster |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Compositae |
中文属名 | 紫菀属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Aster brachytrichus |
中文名 | 短毛紫菀 |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Aster |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Compositae |
中文属名 | 紫菀属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Aster brachytrichus |
命名人 | Franch. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Aster |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Aster brachytrichus |
中文名 | 短毛紫菀 |
拉丁属名 | Incertae sedis group |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Aster brachytrichus |
中文名 | 短毛紫菀 |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Aster |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
中文属名 | 紫菀属 |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Aster brachytrichus var. angustisquamus Y.Ling | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Aster brachytrichus var. brachytrichus | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Aster brachytrichus var. latifolius Y.Ling | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Aster brachytrichus var. oreaster Onno | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Aster brachytrichus var. tenuiligulatus Y.Ling | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Aster oreaster (Onno) Farrer ex Onno | Synonym | The Plant List |
Aster bodinieri H. Léveillé.
Herbs, perennial, 10-50 cm tall, sometimes caespitose; rhizomes robust, woody. Stems erect, simple, densely pilose proximally and apically, sparsely to moderately so at midstem, moderately to densely minutely stipitate glandular, usually regularly leafy. Leaves basal and cauline; cauline leaves slightly and gradually reduced upward, sparsely to moderately pilose or glabrous, veins villous abaxially, margin sparsely shallowly serrate or serrulate, sometimes entire, pilose-ciliate, triplinerved abaxially, veins slightly prominent; basal leaves usually withered at anthesis, long petiolate (petiole to 4 cm); blade spatulate to obovate or oblanceolate, 1-6 × 0.6-3.5 cm, base attenuate, apex rounded to obtuse; lower and middle cauline leaves sessile, ovate or ovate-lanceolate to oblong, 2-7 × 0.5-3 cm, base rounded or attenuate, subclasping, apex rounded to acute; upper leaves ovate to linear-lanceolate, 1-3.5 × 0.2-1.8 cm. Capitula terminal, solitary, 3-7.5 cm in diam. Involucres hemispheric, 1-2 cm in diam., overtopping disk florets; phyllaries 2- or 3-seriate, subequal, squarrose, 10-13 × 1-4 mm, sparsely pilose to glabrate, sometimes inner phyllaries sparsely minutely stipitate glandular distally, margin whitish, pilose-ciliate; outer phyllaries linear-lanceolate to oblong, leaflike, apex acute to obtuse; inner phyllaries linear-lanceolate to linear, apex long acuminate. Ray florets 30-60, blue to purplish, tube less than ca. 1 mm, lamina 15-35 × 1-3 mm, glabrous, eglandular; disk florets orange becoming reddish, 3.5-5 mm, limb funnelform becoming ± campanulate distally, 2.5-4 mm, glabrous, lobes spreading, narrowly triangular, 0.8-1.5 mm. Achenes obovoid, ± compressed, 2.5-4 mm, glabrous, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular apically, margin winged, 2-ribbed, plus sometimes 2- or 3-ribbed on each side. Pappus series reduced, indistinguishable, sometimes basally fused, purple brown to brown; bristles flattened, barbellate throughout, 1-4 mm, acute. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct.
Alpine meadows, mountain slopes, alpine coniferous forests, Pinus forests, thickets, pastures; 2500-4900 m. Guizhou, SW Sichuan, N and NW Yunnan [N Myanmar].
Aster brachytrichus is difficult to distinguish from A. jeffreyanus.
Aster brachytrichus is difficult to distinguish from A. jeffreyanus.
75. 短毛紫菀
Aster brachytrichus Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 10: 372. 1896.
多年生草本,根状茎粗壮,木质。茎直立,高15-50厘米,单生或丛生,不分枝,被疏或下部被密长毛,有等距或上部疏生的叶。莲座状叶匙形,长5-10厘米,宽1.5-3.5厘米,下半部渐狭成长柄;下部叶在花期常枯萎,较小,下部及中部叶卵圆形,长圆形或卵圆披针形,长2-9厘米,宽0.5-4.5厘米,基部圆形或稍狭,顶端圆形或稍尖,无柄,半抱茎,全缘或有疏齿;上部叶稍小;全部叶质薄,两面被疏毛或上面无毛,或被密毛,下面沿脉及边缘有开展的长毛;中脉及离基三出脉在下面稍高起或另有2细边脉。头状花序在茎端单生,径4-7.5厘米。总苞半球形,径1-2厘米,远超出花盘;总苞片2-3层,草质,长10-13毫米,宽1-4毫米;外层顶端尖或钝,沿脉有长毛,有缘毛,稀无毛;内层线状披针形稀线形,渐尖,有缘毛。舌状花30-50个或更多,管部长不及1毫米;舌片蓝色或紫色,长15-35毫米,宽1-3毫米;管状花橙黄色,长4-6毫米,外面无毛,管部长1.5-2毫米,裂片长1毫米;花柱附片长0.5毫米。冠毛1层,长约2毫米,基部黄色,干膜质,上部紫褐色,有不等长的糙毛。瘦果极扁,心状卵圆形,长4毫米,宽2-2.7毫米,下部渐狭,边缘有翅,无毛或上部有短缘毛,或两面近顶端有短毛。花期6-8月;果期8-10月。
产于云南西北部及北部,四川南部。也分布于缅甸北部。
此种的冠毛及瘦果在本组中至为特殊。叶形多变异,在模式植物上倒卵状长圆形,但有时宽卵形而两端渐狭,有时茎上部渐小渐尖与下种 (A. jeffreyanus Diels) 极难区别。头状花序的大小,总苞片从无毛至沿中脉或全部有毛,瘦果从无毛至上部有短毛或缘毛,也有一系列的变异。可分为下列各变种:
原变种
var. brachytrichus——Aster brachytirchus Franch., l. c. 1896, et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 51. app.: 163, 1905; Onno, Biblioth. Bot. 106: 60. t. 16. f. 6, 1932; Hand. -Mazz. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. u. Mus. Berl. -Dahl. 13: 627, 1937; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 278. 1965. ——Aster brachytrichus Franch. var. oreaster Onno, l. c. 61. 1932; S. Y. Hu. l. c. 278, 1965. ——Aster brachytrichus Franch. var. denticulatus Onno, l. c. 1932, pro syn. ——Aster bodinieri Levl. in Bull. Geogr. Bot. 24: 14. 1915.
茎高15-40厘米,茎部叶卵圆形、长圆形或卵圆披针形,全缘或有疏齿,顶端圆形或尖,长2-6厘米,宽0.5-2.5厘米,上面无毛或有疏毛;头状花序直径4-6厘米;总苞直径1.5厘米;总苞片宽2.3-4毫米。
产于云南西北部(贡山、中甸、丽江、洱源等)、四川西南部(雷波、木里等)、贵州西北部(变种)。生于高山针叶林下、灌丛中及开旷坡地。海拔2500-3500米。常见。叶形多变异,有时宽卵圆形,两端渐狭而有疏齿。常被视为一个变种 (var. oreaster Onno)。
宽叶变种
var. latifolius Ling in Addenda 360.
茎高约40厘米,茎中部叶宽大,长圆形,两端圆形,长7-9厘米,宽2.5-4.5厘米,全缘,两面被疏毛;头状花序径7.5厘米,总苞径2厘米,总苞片同上变种。
分布于云南西北部(丽江玉龙山)。杉木林下。海拔3000米。
狭苞变种
var. angustisquamus Ling in Addenda 360.
茎高15-35厘米,叶、头状花序及总苞与原变种同,但总苞片线形,宽1.5-2毫米,叶有疏锯齿。
产于云南西部(中甸)。生于针叶林下。海拔2700米。
细舌变种
var. tenuiligulatus Ling in Addenda 360.
茎高20-25厘米;茎部叶长圆形,两端圆形,长2-4厘米,宽0.6-1厘米,上面被稍密的粗毛。头状花序径3-3.5厘米;总苞径1厘米;舌片长15毫米,宽约1毫米;瘦果长3毫米。
产于贵州西北部(威宁)及四川西南部(雷波)。生于山地。海拔2600-3500米。
此变种似为本种与下种之间的中间类型。