学名(拉丁名) | Artemisia tournefortiana |
中文名 | 湿地蒿 |
命名人 | Reichb. |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Artemisia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Compositae |
中文属名 | 蒿属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Artemisia tournefortiana |
中文名 | 湿地蒿 |
拉丁属名 | Artemisia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Artemisia tournefortiana |
中文名 | 湿地蒿 |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Artemisia |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
中文属名 | 蒿属 |
Herbs perennial, 36-100 cm tall; rhizomes long, slender, stoloniferous. Stems erect, simple, sometimes distally branched, ± flexuous, ± striate, hispid-villous, minutely stipitate glandular. Leaves cauline, slightly reduced upward, abaxially pale green, adaxially green, abaxially hispid-strigose, densely so on veins, adaxially hispid-strigose, both surfaces sparsely minutely stipitate glandular in pits, margin coarsely serrate to serrate, hispid, strigose, or villous-ciliate, midvein prominent abaxially, apex acuminate, mucronate; lowest leaves withered by anthesis (not seen); lower to upper leaves broadly winged petiolate; blade ovate to lanceolate, 3.5-5.5(-10) × 1.5-2.5(-4) cm, base cuneate-rounded to rounded; synflorescence leaves broadly winged shortly petiolate, lanceolate, 1.3-2 × 0.6-0.9 cm, base cuneate, margin 3-6-serrate, slightly resinous. Capitula 16 or more in terminal corymbiform synflorescences, ca. 1.5 cm in diam.; peduncles 7-15 mm or longer, densely hispid-strigose, minutely stipitate glandular, resinous; bracts lanceolate, entire. Involucres campanulate, (4-)5-5.2 × ca. 5 mm; phyllaries 4-seriate, unequal, green apically, abaxially distally villosulous and minutely stipitate glandular, margin scarious, erose, moderately to densely villous-ciliate, midvein more pronounced distally, ± translucent, apex acute to rounded, villous-ciliate; outer phyllaries narrowly ovate, 1.5-2 × ca. 0.8 mm; inner phyllaries oblong, 3-6 × 1.8-1.2 mm, base hardened. Ray florets 10-14 or more, purple, tube apex and lamina base strigose, lamina 6-7(-9) × 1-1.5 mm, eglandular; disk florets yellow, (4-)5 mm, tube base flared, tube apex and proximal limb hairy, minutely stipitate glandular, limb campanulate, ca. 3.2 mm, lobes spreading, narrowly triangular, curved, ca. 1.5 mm, apically sparsely hairy, moderately to densely minutely stipitate glandular. Achenes (immature) oblong, slightly compressed, 2-3 mm, sparsely strigillose, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular, 2-ribbed (± translucent). Pappus 4-seriate, ± reddish; outermost bristles few, slender, 0.5-0.6 mm; outer bristles slender, 2-2.3 mm; inner bristles few, ca. 3 mm, acute; innermost bristles ca. 4 mm, weakly clavate. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Shaded places in valleys of low mountains or canal banks; 800-1600 m. Anhui, Henan, NW Hubei, S Shaanxi, Sichuan.
42.湿地蒿(中国高等植物图鉴)图版10:8-14
Artemisia tournefortiana Reichb. Ic. Exot. Cent. 1: 6, Tab. 5. 1827; Bess. in Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 82. 1834; DC. Prodr. 6: 119. 1837; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 2(2): 592. 1844-1846; Boiss. Fl. Or. 3: 372. 1875; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 324. 1881; Pamp. in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 34: 705. 1927 et 46: 585. 1939; Ling in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peip. 2(10): 516. 1934; Blatt. Beautf. Fl. Kashmir 1: 67. 1928; Reich. f. Symb. Afghan. 2: 56. 1955; Kitam. Fl. Afghan. 389. 1960 et Fl. Pl. W. Pakistan 143. 1964; Poljak. Фл. СССР 26: 488. 1961; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18 (3-4): 264. 1965; Filat. Фл Каэах. 9: 95. 1966; Nikit. in Nov Syst. Pl. Vas. Acad. Sci. URSS 3: 201. 1966; Nasir et Ali, Fl. W. Pakistan 720. 1972; 中国高等植物图鉴 4: 531, 图6476. 1975; 西藏植物志4: 754, 图326. 1985.
一年生草本。根单一,垂直。茎单生,高(40-)110-150(-200)厘米,细或粗,基部直径达0.5-1.5厘米,紫褐色,有细棱,上部有着生头状花序的短分枝,枝长2-5厘米;茎、枝初时被叉状的灰白色短柔毛,后脱落。茎下部与中部叶长卵状椭圆形或长圆形,长5-18厘米,宽2-8厘米,二回栉齿状羽状分裂,第一回全裂或深裂,每侧有裂片5-8枚,裂片椭圆状披针形或长圆形,裂片间隔宽,每裂片再羽状深裂,小裂片椭圆状披针形,长3-5毫米,宽3-4毫米,有时边缘间有数枚尖锯齿,叶轴两侧有多枚栉齿,叶柄长2-6厘米,基部有小型半抱茎的栉齿状假托叶;上部叶具短柄,一至二回栉齿状羽状深裂,裂片小;苞片叶无柄,羽状深裂或不分裂,而为线状披针形,裂片或不分裂的苞片叶边缘具数枚裂齿或锯齿,稀少全缘。头状花序多数,宽卵形或近球形,直径1.5-2毫米,直立,无梗或近无梗,在茎上部短分枝上排成短而密集的穗状花序,而在茎上组成狭窄的圆锥花序;总苞片3-4层,外层总苞片卵形,背面突起,无毛,边缘狭膜质,中、内层总苞片披针形或长圆形,边宽膜质或全膜质;花序托小,凸起;雌花10-20朵,花冠狭圆锥状或狭管状,檐部具2裂齿,背面有腺点,花柱线形,伸出花冠外,先端2叉,叉端尖,直立或弯曲;两性花10-15朵,花冠管状,檐部紫红色,背面有腺点,花药线形,先端附属物尖,长三角形,基部具短尖头,花柱线形,通常略比花冠短,先端微叉开。瘦果椭圆状卵形。花果期8-11月。
产新疆。我国西藏有记载,未见标本;新疆生于海拔800-1 500米附近的滩地、山谷、田野、缓坡地、屋旁、疏林下及其他半干旱或半湿润处。蒙古、阿富汗、伊朗、巴基斯坦(北部)、克什米尔地区及苏联(中亚)也有。模式标本采自喜马拉雅西北部地区。
在新疆作药用,有清热、解毒、消炎、止血之效。