学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis busua |
中文名 | 蛛毛香青 |
命名人 | (Ham.) DC. |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Anaphalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Compositae |
中文属名 | 香青属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis busua |
中文名 | 蛛毛香青 |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Anaphalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Compositae |
中文属名 | 香青属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis busua |
中文名 | 蛛毛香青 |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | ASTERACEAE |
学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis busua |
中文名 | 蛛毛香青 |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
类型 | |
拉丁科名 | ASTERACEAE |
学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis busua |
命名人 | (Buch.-Ham.) Hand.-Mazz. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Anaphalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis busua |
中文名 | 蛛毛香青 |
拉丁属名 | Anaphalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Anaphalis busua |
中文名 | 蛛毛香青 |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Anaphalis |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
中文属名 | 香青属 |
学名 | 状态 | 来源 | 命名人 |
---|---|---|---|
Anaphalis arenosa DC. | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Anaphalis busua (Buch.-Ham.) Hand.-Mazz. [Illegitimate] | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Anaphalis semidecurrens Wall. ex C.B.Clarke | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Anaphalis semidecurrens (Wall. ex DC.) DC. | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Antennaria villosissima D.Don | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Gnaphalium busua Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Gnaphalium busuum Buch.-Ham. | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Gnaphalium semidecurrens Wall. ex DC. | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Gnaphalium villosissima D.Don | Synonym | The Plant List | |
Gnaphalium busum Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don | Synonym | The Plant List |
多生年草本,高40-120厘米。根茎横走或斜生,长达5厘米,粗达1厘米,密盖暗褐色的叶柄残基,生数条粗线形、长达12厘米、粗达3毫米的须根,具多数纤维状细根。茎单一,直立,基部粗3-10毫米,具分枝,茎和枝有纵棱,被白色蛛丝状绵毛和褐色短腺毛。茎下部叶在花期枯萎,线形或披针状线形,长4-9厘米,宽3-10毫米,先端渐尖,具细长尖头,基部沿茎下延成狭楔形的长翅,边缘平,表面淡绿色,密被褐色糠秕状短毛,背面淡绿色,密被褐色糠秕状短毛,稀沿中脉被白色蛛丝状毛,中脉在背面凸起,侧脉1对,极纤细,上部叶渐小,线形至钻形,最上部叶背面有蛛丝状毛。头状花序多数,在茎、枝顶排列成复伞房状花序;花序梗长3-7毫米,密被蛛丝状毛;总苞宽钟形,长4-5毫米,径5-7毫米;总苞片4-5层,外层椭圆形,长2.5-3.5毫米,淡褐色,背面被蛛丝状毛,中层狭倒卵形,长4-5毫米,上部白色,下部褐色,基部疏被蛛丝状毛,内层匙形,长3-4毫米,上部白色,爪部褐色,全部总苞片先端钝或急尖。雌株的头状花序外围有多层雌花,中央有少数雄花;雄株的头状花序外围有少数雌花,中央多层雄花。雌花花冠毛管状,长2-2.5毫米,基部常膨大,花柱伸出花冠外;雄花花冠管状,长2-2.5毫米,冠檐短,先端5裂,冠管细长,基部常膨大。瘦果长圆形,长0.5-0.7毫米;冠毛丝状,与花冠近等长,雄花的冠毛先端稍增粗。花果期9-11月。
产于贡山、中甸、维西、宾川、大理、腾冲、景东、彝良、镇雄等地;生于海拔1600-2400 (-2800) 米的山谷、山坡草地或荒地。四川西南部和西藏南部有分布。缅甸、印度北部、不丹、锡金、尼泊尔也有。
Gnaphalium busua Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 173. 1825; Anaphalis araneosa Candolle; A. semidecurrens (Wallich ex Candolle) Candolle; G. semidecurrens Wallich ex Candolle.
Herbs, ?biennial, with thickish taproots or usually adventitious roots at base of stems. Stems erect, (2-)5-6(-13) cm, with ascending or expanding branches, lower parts glabrous or later brownish glandular hairy, upper parts arachnoid tomentose; internode 0.5-2.5 cm. Lower cauline leaves often caducous and lost by anthesis; middle leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 3-10 × 0.4-1 cm, base almost equilateral, decurrent on stems forming a cuneate attenuate long wing, margin flat or somewhat undulate, apex apiculate; upper leaves smaller, linear or subulate; all leaves thin, gray-green with yellow spot and squarrose hairy abaxially, green and squarrose hairy adaxially, arachnoid tomentose along veins on both surfaces and/or margin arachnoid cottony tomentose abaxially, midvein exserted abaxially, lateral veins somewhat conspicuous. Capitula numerous, compound corymbiform, terminal on branches; peduncle ca. 4 mm. Involucre broadly campanulate, 4-5 × 5-7 mm; phyllaries 4- or 5-seriate, white, somewhat brownish abaxially; outer phyllaries elliptic, ca. 4 mm; middle ones oval, ca. 4.5 × 1.8-2 mm, 1.3-1.5 mm in female florets, apex arcuate; innermost ones spatulate, ca. 3.5 mm, with a claw ca. 1/3 of full length. Receptacle alveolate. Predominantly female capitula with many florets, with 4-10 or more central male florets and many rows of marginal female florets; predominantly male capitula with many florets, with few rows of marginal female florets and many rows of central male florets. Corolla ca. 2.5 mm, almost as long as pappus; male florets pappus incrassate at tip of apex, serrulate. Achene elliptic, only 0.4-0.8 mm, glandular. Fl. Sep-Oct, fr. Oct. 2n = 42.
Low hill valleys, slopes, woodlands, grasslands; 1500-2800 m. SW Sichuan (Dechang, Miyi), S Xizang (Zhufeng), NW and W Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Kashmir, Nepal].
2. 蛛毛香青
Anaphalis busua (Ham.) DC., Prodr. 6: 275. 1837; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 1104. 1936, adnot. et in Not. Bot. Gard. u. Mus. Berl. -Dahl. 13: 631. 1937; Kitam. in Kihara, Faun. et Fl. Nepal. Himal. 1. 248. 1952-53; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiw. Mus. 18: , 1-2: 105. 1965; Kitam. in Hara, Fl. East. -Himal. 1: 331. 1966; 林鎔, 植物分类学报, 11: 97. 1966.——Gnaphalium busuum Buch. -Ham. in Don, Prodr. Nepal. 270. 173. 1825.——Anaphalis araneosa DC., Prodr. 6: 270. 1837; C. B. Clarke, Comp. Ind. 109. 1875 (B. busua); Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 283. 1881; Forbies et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 445. 1904; S. Y. Hu, l. c. 105. 1965. ——Anaphalis semi-decurens Wall., Cat. 2947, A. 1831; C. B. Clarke, Comp. Ind. 109. 1875.
二年生草本(?),根垂直,粗壮,茎基部常有不定根。茎直立,高50-130厘米,有上升或开展的分枝,具细沟,上部被蛛丝状棉毛,下部后脱毛并被褐色腺毛;节间长0.5-2.5厘米。下部叶在花期枯萎;中部叶线形或线状披针形,长4-10厘米,宽0.3-1厘米,基部近等宽,沿茎下延成楔形渐狭的长翅,边缘平或稍波状,顶端尖,有细长尖头,上部叶小,线形或钻形;全部叶质薄,上面绿色,被粃糠状短密毛,下面灰绿色,被黄色腺点和粃糠状短毛,两面沿脉及边缘有蛛丝状毛或下面全部被蛛丝状棉毛;中脉在下面凸起,侧脉多少明显。头状花序极多数,在枝端密集成复伞房状,花序梗长约4毫米。总苞宽钟状,长4-5毫米,径5-7毫米;总苞片4-5层,白色,下面稍褐色,外层椭圆形,长4毫米,内层倒卵圆形,长4.5毫米,宽1.8-2毫米,在雌株1.3-1.5毫米,顶端稍尖,最内层匙形,长3.5毫米,有长达全长三分之一的爪部。花托蜂窝状。雌株头状花序外围有多层雌花,中央有5至十余个雄花。雄株头花序外围有少数雌花,中央有多层雄花。花冠长约2.5毫米,与冠毛近等长;雄花冠毛向上端稍粗厚,有细锯齿。瘦果椭圆形,长仅0.5毫米,有小腺体。花期9-10月,果期10月。
产西藏南部(珠峰地区)、云南西部和西北部(大理、维西、中甸、镇雄、宾川、腾冲)及四川西南部(德昌、米易)。生于低山山谷、坡地、林地或草地。海拔1500-2800米。印度西北部、尼泊尔、锡金也有分布。
蛛毛香青是多变异的种,前人的记载往往彼此不相符合,云南及四川的植物可能是少毛的类型,叶下面仅沿脉及边缘被蛛丝状毛,与西藏的植物不同,后者叶下面全部被蛛丝状棉毛。
此喜马拉雅南坡的种,在我国首先为 Handel-Mazzetti 发现于云南西部、四川西南部(德昌)的标本确为同种。前人 (Franchet, Diels) 在四川西部植物区系中所述的 A. areneosa DC. 都似为萌条香青 A. surculosa Hand. -Mazz. 而非本种。此外曾被鉴定为 A. areneosa DC. 的实际为黄绿香青 A. virens Chang标本 (Forrest 22445) 而非为本种。