学名(拉丁名) | Ainsliaea ramosa |
中文名 | 莲沱兔儿风 |
命名人 | Hemsl. |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Ainsliaea |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Compositae |
中文属名 | 兔儿风属 |
学名(拉丁名) | Ainsliaea ramosa |
命名人 | Hemsl. (accepted name) |
拉丁属名 | Ainsliaea |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Ainsliaea ramosa |
中文名 | 莲沱兔儿风 |
拉丁属名 | Ainsliaea |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
学名(拉丁名) | Ainsliaea ramosa |
中文名 | 莲沱兔儿风 |
中文科名 | 菊科 |
拉丁属名 | Ainsliaea |
类型 | species |
拉丁科名 | Asteraceae |
中文属名 | 兔儿风属 |
Herbs, perennial, 25-70 cm tall. Leaves in basal rosette; petiole 4-8 cm, wingless, strigose; leaf blade ovate, ovate-oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, 5-14 × 3-9 cm, subleathery, palmate-pinnate veined, abaxially densely red strigose, adaxially strigose, base deeply cordate, margin sparsely callose-denticulate, ciliate, apex acute or obtuse. Capitula shortly pedunculate, arranged in panicles, 3-flowered; involucre cylindric, 3-4 mm in diam.; phyllaries ca. 5-seriate, papery, glabrous, outer phyllaries ovate, 2-2.5 mm, inner oblong, ca. 9 mm. Florets bisexual, chasmogamous and cleistogamous (at different seasons). Chasmogamous floret corollas tubular, 7-9 mm, deeply 5-lobed, lobes oblong, unequal, anther appendages apiculate. Achenes fusiform, ca. 2 mm, ribbed, densely pilose; pappus dark yellow, 6-8 mm. Fl. Apr-Jun. Cleistogamous floret corollas closed, tubular, minutely 5-lobed, ca. 5 mm, hidden in pappus. Achenes ca. 2.5 mm; pappus ca. 6 mm. Fl. Oct-Dec.
Stream banks, dense forests; 100-800 m. Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan.
This species is very similar to Ainsliaea cavaleriei, A. fragrans, and A. rubrinervis in its leaf blade ovate to oblong, leaf base deeply cordate, and petioles villous, but it differs by its phyllaries glabrous and leaf blade ± concolorous.
This species is very similar to Ainsliaea cavaleriei, A. fragrans, and A. rubrinervis in its leaf blade ovate to oblong, leaf base deeply cordate, and petioles villous, but it differs by its phyllaries glabrous and leaf blade ± concolorous.
22.莲沱兔儿风 图版8: 6-10
Ainsliaea ramosa Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 471. 1888; Diels in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 629. 1901; Beauverd in Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve ser. 2, 1: 379. 1909; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 100. 1965.
多年生草本。根状茎常粗,微曲,直径可达1厘米,根颈密被褐色绒毛和向上倒伏的长粗毛;根细弱,簇生。茎直立,除花序外不分枝,高25-70厘米,基部直径1.5-3毫米,密被深褐色长柔毛。叶基生的密集呈莲座状,叶片厚,硬纸质,卵形、卵状长圆形或卵状披针形,长5-14厘米,宽3-9厘米,顶端钝或圆,罕有短尖,基部心形,凹缺宽达10-15毫米,有时两耳重叠,边缘有深褐色、向上弯拱的密缘毛,胼胝体状尖齿疏离,被缘毛覆盖,两面被长柔毛,惟下面常密,于脉上尤甚;基出脉7条,最外的1对常纤弱,最内的1对于叶片中部弯拱连接,中脉中部以上的2-3对侧脉斜上升,离缘网结,网眼大;叶柄粗壮,约与叶片等长,无翅,厚被棕褐色长柔毛;茎生叶少,疏离,无柄或具短柄,卵状披针形,长1.5-3.5厘米,宽1-1.5厘米,毛被与基生叶的相同,茎顶部的叶苞片状。头状花序含花3朵,有纤弱的短梗,开花期直径4-5毫米,于茎顶复聚集成广展的长15-25厘米的圆锥花序,花序轴和头状花序梗密被锈色柔毛;总苞圆筒形,直径3-4毫米;总苞片约5层,质较硬,顶端全部锐尖或短渐尖,疏被柔毛,外层卵形,长2-2.5毫米,宽约1毫米,中层披针形,长约4.5毫米,宽约2毫米,顶端常带紫红色,最内层折叠成舟状,边缘薄,干膜质,长约9毫米;花托平坦,无毛,直径约0.8毫米。花全部两性;花冠管状,长约9毫米,花冠管向上稍渐扩大,檐部5深裂,裂片偏于一侧,长圆形,略长于花冠管;花药长约4.5毫米,顶端很尖,基部浙狭的尾部长约0.5毫米;花柱分枝伸出药筒之外,内侧扁,顶端圆,长约0.5毫米。瘦果纺锤形,干时棕栗色,具10纵棱,被短柔毛,长约5毫米。冠毛污黄色,羽毛状,不等长,长6-8毫米,基部联合成束。花期5-11月。
产于湖北(宜昌)、湖南(绥宁、城步)、四川(合川、泸州)、贵州(独山、荔波)、广西(融水、龙胜、兴安、阳朔、金秀、象州县)及广东(怀集、连山、连县、仁化、连平、翁源、新丰、从化、增城)。生于水旁潮湿处或山地密林中,海拔120-800米。模式标本采自湖北宜昌之西的莲沱。
秋季结实的植株,盛花期其花冠略短于冠毛,不开裂,闭花受精。
产于贵州定番(惠水县)的Ainsliaea cavaleriei Levl.与本种非常相似,但由于它的茎在开花期裸露,叶背被淡红色绒毛而又与本种显然不同。笔者现未发现这种类型的标本,只有待今后考证。